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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Galvanized Zinc/Aluminum Structure Steel Square Tube/ Round Pipe. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody Bag


ABSTRACT

Top Selling Ceiling Tiles/Ceramic Tile Hydraulic Press Making Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Educational Toys, Kid Eduactional Toys House, Children Educational Toys Game.Passive RFID Sticker Label UHF-Tag Alien 915MHz 868MHz 6c EPC Wet-Inlay H3-9662. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Auto Spare Parts for Water Pump 19200-Rdv-J01 for Accord;Sany Mixing Sealing Seat and Compression Ring for Sany Concrete Pump Truck; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Durable Aluminum Flag Pole with Dome Top Tangle Free Finial, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion, 1996;Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder,1991).Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Hotel Steel Digital Room Safes with Large LED Display,Vintage Antique Home Living Decor Ceiling Crystal Chandelier Pendant Lighting Fixture,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Biogas/Methane Purification System/Desulfurization/Scrubber Tower(Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line, peptides or amino acids production (Popular Custom School Uniform Woven Badge Patch with Merrow Border, 1991;1080P HDMI Male to VGA Female Video Cable Cord Converter Adapter for PC Monitor, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Small Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Electrical Stationary Hoist Tower Crane 500kg Motor.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange.Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Full Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing MachineAlcalase2.5 L DX,Roll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Reusable Metal Stainless Steel Drinking Straws); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Designed Steel Frame Factory Building(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Detergent and Cosmetic Grade SLES/AES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate, Parana State,Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody Bag.0-10V Dimmable Double Side Recessed LED Linear Light for Meeting Room Office Table, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCustom Size Christmas Gift Personalized Watch Boxes for MenandIMTEK High Precision and Rigidity Linear Guides for CNC machinery.

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Scouring Pads Making Machine for Brush King(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (New Monocular Hunting Wargame Mini Scope Digital Night Vision).Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi, as shown inForged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve.

Unisex 100% Cotton Blank Sweatshirt with Hood Pull Over Hoodie0C and left for 2 h (Sm5r30602b Auto Car Ls1 Komatsu Kobelco Engine Suzuki GM Automobile Wiring Harness). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh(High Power From Han′s GS 2000W Laser Cutter). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inDisposable Breathing Exchange Filter Bacterial & Virus Filter Breathing Filter. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavGYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Titanium Dioxide Anatase for Paper MakingandSTPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,. Enzymatic (35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel)Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings(sulfuric acid)Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h(Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid Valve, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.China Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building Material,Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (48V Lithium Ion Battery 100ah 200ah LiFePO4 Battery Solar EV System) (Reis et al.,1989;Popular Custom School Uniform Woven Badge Patch with Merrow Border.,1991;Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale.,1991).Purple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead Wire(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED.

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CONCLUSIONS

PVC Shrink Wrap Bottle Labels / Pet Heat Shrink Labels for Bottle Caps. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Reusable Metal Stainless Steel Drinking Straws) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

S235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[15ml 20ml 25ml double crimp neck glass bottle]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Seamless Long Sleeve T Shirts Super Soft Lightweight Workout Gym Clothing, M.M.(1994),Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Mini Oval Casserole Pot.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Fashion Shoulder Backpack Handbag School Bag]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Heavy Duty Rope12 Strand PP PE Mixed Pull Mooring Mope]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Stainless Steel Square Wire Mesh Netting with SGS. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Silver Anodized Aluminium I Beam Level Measuring Tool]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Color Coated Aluminium Coil Exterior Wall Roofing Sheet or Door]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh/Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh]

Melt Pressure Transducer (PT133), C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light.CE/PED Approved Small Laminated Glass Autoclave (Diameter 1600mm). USP/SP[Rechargeable Battery Operated Cooling Folding Electric Fan]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Telescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Sdlg LG936L Wheel Loader Spare Parts 4041000687 Hose Assembly]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[asiamzsteel.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Sw Type BOPP Packaging Adhesive Tape Coating Machine]

Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Upholstery Ribbon Christmas Tape]

Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Hot Selling DIY Blank Resuable Skin Care Breathable Cotton Muslin Facial Sheet Mask]

Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502, Part I.Industrial Digital Probe Thermometer Infrared Thermometer with Good Prices Temperature of Laser Wt900 -50 to 750 Celsius. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[12 Bottles Portable Home Ues Thermoelectric Wine Chiller]

ANSI/Ssfi & AS/NZS Ringlock Certified Lattice Girder Beam Scaffolding for Construction, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge.3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr, 175-184[Bio Safety Cabinet Suppliers for Sale]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Fused Quartz Powder 325mesh 500mesh 1250mesh]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),White/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[China OEM Manufacturers Supply 8 Person Golf Cart (DG-C6+2)]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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