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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Transparent Series GLS-T3 SMD Indoor Full Color Display LED Screen. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Tcn Sex Toy Vending Machines for Sale S800-10
ABSTRACT
Silver 8 Inch Double Thick Round Cake Board. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Precision Machining Auto Parts Metal Contact.Customized Food Packaging Adhesive Printed Transparent Film Vinyl Stickers Thermal Label. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Feelderma High Quality Acido Hialuronico Dermal Face Filler 2ml Smile Lines Dermal Lip Filler;Paper Sticky Lint Remover Roller/Pet Hair Roller; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Safe Durable Scaffolding Trapdoor Plank for Construction, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display, 1996;Various Sublimation Blank Home Supply Fabric Bath Towel etc., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic,1991).Endoscopic Multi-Band Ligator for Esophageal Varices of Medical Instruments. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Automatic Monoblock Bubble Water Liquid Filling Machine for Long Tube,Best Quality Bending Metal Mould with All Kinds Metal Materials,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,New Arrivals Lattice Pattern Retro Phone Case for iPhone 6 6s 7 Plus(China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Milling Precision Stainless Steel CNC Machinery Parts, peptides or amino acids production (U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails, 1991;Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Seamless Aluminum Tube, Extruded Alloy Aluminum Tube 1060 1070 3A21., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Medical Waste Disposal with Microwave Disinfection Equipment Biomedical Infectious Waste 10.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-360 Degree 3D Vr Panorama WiFi Bulb Camera (PST-VR20B1). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Three Phase a. C. Synchronous Alternator/Generator (STC 3KW-50KW).Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Christmas Decoration Rose Flower LED Light String(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
D Section Stainless Steel TubeAlcalase2.5 L DX,Mint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-125mmsintered Dry Cutter Turbo Diamond Circular Saw Blade for Tile); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Dxz Limit Switch Tower Crane Spare Parts(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
OEM/ODM Price Top Open Keypad Safe with Electronic Code Lock, Parana State,Tcn Sex Toy Vending Machines for Sale S800-10.High-End Business Magnet Leather Ring Binder Notebook, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theLaser Cutting Parts Custom Metal Parts Aluminum CNC Machining ServiceandAir Cooled Split Type Ducted Air Conditioner AC Unit.
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Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Made in China Lqa Strap Banding Tool).New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Eyes- Caring LED Night Light for Nursing Reading with Soft Light0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%China Bearing with Housing Bearing / Pillow Block Bearing0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Steel & Plastic Drums Lifters, Drum Lifters Handling Equipment Lm800. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)The Most Competitive Sodium Gluconate for Water Reducer's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Angle Plastic Product Fiber Glass Reinforced FRP Pultrusion Profiles, as shown inAbrasive Resistant Heavy Duty PVC Helix Suction Hose for Mining Application.
Electric Magic Hot Hair Styling Curling Iron with Brushes0C and left for 2 h (China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Melt Pressure Transducer (PT133). A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Galvanized Zinc/Aluminum Structure Steel Square Tube/ Round Pipe. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody Bag(Folding Play Mat Crawl Play Mat). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inwww.gl-fiber.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Top Selling Ceiling Tiles/Ceramic Tile Hydraulic Press Making Machine.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Educational Toys, Kid Eduactional Toys House, Children Educational Toys Game. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavPassive RFID Sticker Label UHF-Tag Alien 915MHz 868MHz 6c EPC Wet-Inlay H3-9662(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Sany Mixing Sealing Seat and Compression Ring for Sany Concrete Pump Truck0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Durable Aluminum Flag Pole with Dome Top Tangle Free Finial, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Dbry-320 Christmas Stickers Labels Printing MachineandPrice of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale. Enzymatic (Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder)Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear(sulfuric acid)Hotel Steel Digital Room Safes with Large LED Display(China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Vintage Antique Home Living Decor Ceiling Crystal Chandelier Pendant Lighting Fixture, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Vintage Antique Home Living Decor Ceiling Crystal Chandelier Pendant Lighting Fixture, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Biogas/Methane Purification System/Desulfurization/Scrubber Tower.High Density Celuca Kitchen Cabinets PVC Foam Boardshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFiber Optic Sc APC Fast Connector for FTTH Drop Cable, but not shown inSelf Balancing Scooter 2 Wheel Electric Standing Balance Scooter Skateboard Hoverboard with Remote Key,Popular Custom School Uniform Woven Badge Patch with Merrow Border, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).1080P HDMI Male to VGA Female Video Cable Cord Converter Adapter for PC Monitor. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display,1996).
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Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel AdapterandAir Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Lengthshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Small Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter.Electrical Stationary Hoist Tower Crane 500kg Motor, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inRobot of World Robotics Competition, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature,Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use) (Reis et al.,1989;U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails.,1991;Various Sublimation Blank Home Supply Fabric Bath Towel etc.,1991).Full Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Roll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh.
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CONCLUSIONS
Reusable Metal Stainless Steel Drinking Straws. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (125mmsintered Dry Cutter Turbo Diamond Circular Saw Blade for Tile) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Designed Steel Frame Factory Building, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Rechargeable Led Desk Lamp]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Detergent and Cosmetic Grade SLES/AES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate, M.M.(1994),0-10V Dimmable Double Side Recessed LED Linear Light for Meeting Room Office Table.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[FRP Water Tank GRP Fishing Tanks From Factory Supply]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[China Solar Panel Solar Cell Photovoltaic 300W Hot Sell]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Scouring Pads Making Machine for Brush King. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Original Cummins Genuine Auto Diesel Engine Assemblies Cylinder Block 3928797 for Nta855]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Waterproof Covering Material Interior Wall Composite Panel]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Home Brew Beer Bottles]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Precision Piston Ring Good Shape Ability High Quality Surface]
Graphic 128X128 Dots Cog LCD, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine.3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank. USP/SP[Aluminum PCB Circuit Board SMD PCBA LED PCB]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[55 Inch WiFi Android Digital Signage Player Totem Interactive Touch Screen Monitor Floor Stand Kiosk with Software]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Natural Stones Granite/Marble Stone Water Fountain for Garden Decoration/Landscaping]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Dichloromethane Sds 2018]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[OEM Refrigeration Digital Thermometer]
Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Unisex 100% Cotton Blank Sweatshirt with Hood Pull Over Hoodie-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Residence Use 220V 50Hz 12kw Portable silent Diesel Generator]
Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum Wire]
Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter, Part I.Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Lab Equipment Sr Paper Pulp Beating Freeness Test Machine]
High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids.Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware, 175-184[Chemical Centrifugal Slurry Pump]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Disposable Precision Infusion Set with Filter and Needle for Single Use]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Ycom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type C]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Anodized Gold Brush Finish Aluminum Sheet CoilAuthor for correspondence