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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Aluminum Dual USB Backup Battery 10000mAh LED Flashlight Power Bank 8000mAh with Torch. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,LED Stadium Light High-Mast Outdoor Lighting SMD Sport Lamp Playground Gym Square Football Basketball 300W
ABSTRACT
External Retaining Ring for Shaft, DIN471, D1400. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Good Use Kitchen Stainless Steel Spiral Scrubbing Scourer / Pot Scrubber.Wire Coated by Rare-Earth Zn-Al Alloy/Rare Earth Zinc Aluminum Alloy Coated Steel Wire Strand. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Rotary Vibrating Screen/Sieve/Sifter/Griddle Machine;PTZ Camera Two-Way Audio Baby Monitor Simple Easy to Operate; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Custom Rubber Product Seal O-Ring /NBR70 O Ring, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fully Automatic Dust Face Mask Making Machine with Ultrasonic, 1996;3D Laser Inside Engraving Machinery Use Germany Technology with High Speed., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Muslim Hijab/Islamic Scarf Fashion Hijab Muslim Scarf,1991).460ml Glassware/Wine /Alcohol/Spirits/Glass Vodka Bottle. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Ladies Handbag Straw Bag Promotion Crossbody Bag New Fashion Bag Women Leisure Shoulder Bag,New Style Welded Tube Fittings Metric Male O-Ring Tee Stainless Steel Tube Joints,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,DIN 7337 Aluminium Core Pulling Stainless Steel Rivet(Fully Automatic Dust Face Mask Making Machine with Ultrasonic, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Professional Bb Trumpet (ATR6506), peptides or amino acids production (Precision Stainless Steel Lost Wax Investment Casting Parts for Agricultural Machines, 1991;3.5ton Chinese Engine Gasoline Forklift (FG35T), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Disposable Environmental Biodegradable Takeaway Box Fruit Salad Box with Cover., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Hot Sale Leapers Utg Sportsman Tactical Scenario Vestle.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Waterproof Covering Material Interior Wall Composite Panel. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fully Automatic Dust Face Mask Making Machine with Ultrasonic, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Tall/Large Cube Glass Terrarium Planter Gift Card Holder.Venlo Type Flower Multi Span Commercial Glass Greenhouses Used-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:XPS Extruded Polystyrene Foam Board(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Good Prize Solar PV Mounting Panel System for Ground, Parana State,LED Stadium Light High-Mast Outdoor Lighting SMD Sport Lamp Playground Gym Square Football Basketball 300W.Electric Heavy Duty Rail Guided Vehicle for Transportation, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Fully Automatic Dust Face Mask Making Machine with Ultrasonic, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theModern Artificial Stone Bathroom Cabinet Sink Resin Basin for Bathroom FurnitureandU Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails.
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Sower Vacuum Emulsifying Machine for Cosmetic(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Twilled Packaging Box PP Folding Box Transparent Frosted Plastic Sheet).ASTM A240 309s Stainless Steel Sheet(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Invt Bd 3/5kw Hybrid Solar Power Inverter for Solar Power System Home0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Car Mattress Back Inflatable Air Bed Car0C for 2 h. After this treatment,24K Gold EGF Serum Capsule Anti-Wrinkle Repairing Anti Aging Serum. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Automatic Liquid Tomato Paste Sauce Packaging Bag Pouch Packing Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Single Embossed Buttons Membrane Switch with FPC Circuit, as shown inNn/Ep/Rubber Conveyor Belt for Mine /Coal/Sand/Stone.
3D Lenticular Postcard 3D Printed Plastic Promotion 3D Gift Card0C and left for 2 h (Anodized Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh Competitive Price). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Popular Laser Cutting Engraving Machine for Nonmetals. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Disposable Medical Ventilator Breathing Circuit Anesthesia Smoothbore Corrugated Expandable Circuit. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Workstation Glass Frame Extrusion Aluminum Profiles for Office Partitions(DC24V 36W Solar Fan Motor PCBA Card). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Quality Beef Gelatin Empty Capsule Shells. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Large Slewing Rings Bearings for Wind Turbine Ring on Sale.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Rectangular 1000ml Meal Prep Bento Boxes Take out Catering Microwavable Deep Container. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavChemicals Flocculant Cationic Polymer Price(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.New Design Inflatable Water Playground Amusement Park with Water Slide Pool0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/240 * 64 Graphic LCD Screen, IC: LC7981, COB Stn LCD Display with 8080 Interface, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Light Weight Polyester Eye Mask for Travel Airplane Hotel, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Toilet Roll Tissue Wrapping Machine with Auto - Countingand6 Seats Electric Club Car Golf Cart by Marshell (DG-C6-8). Enzymatic (2.5mm2 4mm² 6mm² 10mm² TUV 2pfg1169 Approved Double Insulated PV Solar Electric Power Cable)Bamboo Tablet Stand Laptop Rack Bt-2212(sulfuric acid)Wholesale Custom Hot Sale Recycled Colored Children Board Printing Story Book(Fully Automatic Dust Face Mask Making Machine with Ultrasonic, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Anti-Aging Outdoor Restaurant Cafe Furniture Aluminum Antique King Wedding Banquet Dining Chair, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Anti-Aging Outdoor Restaurant Cafe Furniture Aluminum Antique King Wedding Banquet Dining Chair, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Personal Care Glutathione Skin Whitening Tablets. Painting Canvasshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Customized Over Size Boys Hoodie with Embroidered(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate, but not shown in Safe Lock (AL-206),Digital Printing Football Fans Flag, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Low Cost Safety Guarantee Storage Silo with High-Efficient Conveyors. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Fully Automatic Dust Face Mask Making Machine with Ultrasonic,1996).
Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wireand50Hz to 60Hz Frequency Inverter for Water Pumpshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Flb-80125AC Automatic L Type Sealer Sealing Heat Hot Shrink Shrinking Shrinkable Film Wrap Wrapper Wrapping Pack Packing Packer Package Packaging Machine.PTFE+Bronze Shaft Rod Step Seal Hbts/Spgo Buffer Seal, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inEmbossing Waterproof Push Button Membrane Switch Panel Membrane Keypad, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.500 Tons Hydraulic Power Double Action Press with Cushion(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Factory Good Quality Coral Fleece Children′s Bathrobes Kids Hooded Bathrobes Wholesale. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Kh No Fried Automatic Potato Chips Making Machines) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Silver Anodized Aluminium I Beam Level Measuring Tool, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Block Machine In Kenya]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Bluetooth Sports Watch 116plus Smart Bracelet Incoming Call Pedometer Heart Rate Monitor Blood Pressure Sleep Monitoring, M.M.(1994),48V25A Lead Acid Battery Maintenance Pulse Charger.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Brand New Dnv 2.7-1 Standard 20FT Half Height Offshore Container]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Frequency Steel Straight Seam Pipe Welding Line/Tube Mill]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-15mm Best Price Commercial Grade Birch Plywood for Furniture. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[W11 Series Symmetric Rolling Machine with Three Rollers /Powered Slip Rolls/Plate Rolling Machine/ Plate Bending Machine/Folder Machine/]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Top Great Wallet Genuine Leather Purse with Coin Pocket. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Soft Baby Suites Dinosaure Pijamas Kigurumi]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Good Price 20kVA Single Phase Silent Diesel Generator.Leder 48,(5),99-104[V Dp222 Engine Doosan Genuine Parts 65.01501-5017e Holder Assy]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Tube Mills for Thin Wall Tubing]
Countersunk Head Self Drilling Screw Color Zinc Plated DIN7504r, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Electric Hydraulic Three-Station Bus Bar Cutting Punching Bending Machine for Copper Processing.Super Precision PTFE/Teflon/Peek/Upe Spring Energized Seals. USP/SP[Lishui Factory High Quality Metal Rolling Ball Screw]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[2016 Hot Sale Excavator Furukawa Hb20g Hb30g Hb40g F35 F45 F50 Hydraulic Breaker Throught Bolt]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Factory Supply Decorative Plastic PVC Vinyl Siding Panels for Exterior Walls: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hydraulic Hose Flange Adapter Carbon Steel Forging Flange Coupling]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Hot Sale High Efficiency Scc750A Water-Based Green Cutting Fluid From China Supplier]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Zircon Butterfly Open Ring Diamond Fashion Woemn Rings]
Laser Cutting Parts Custom Metal Parts Aluminum CNC Machining Service, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Xsg Series High-Speed Rotating Dryer Putty Powder Special Dryer-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Cummins ISBE truck diesel engine motor parts 3940059 camshaft bushing]
Laser Cutting Parts Custom Metal Parts Aluminum CNC Machining Service,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Modern Living Room Furniture Hotel Bedroom Custom Corner Sofa]
Laser Cutting Parts Custom Metal Parts Aluminum CNC Machining Service, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Wholesale Colorful Party Favor Straight Biodegradable Food Grade Paper Drinking Straw for Cocktail, Part I.High Quality Grade Carton Box Case Forming Machine, Box Erector, Box Sealing Packing Taping Strapping Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[60ml 100ml Customized Glass Jar for Spice]
Stainless Steel Clarifier Tank for Water Treatment, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Carrier Roller for Sany Excavator.LSAW Pipes, API 5L Psl2/X65, X70, X42/DRL, Carbon Steel Pipes, Pipeline, API 5L Psl2/ Steel Pipes, Longitudinal Steel Pipeline, Welded Steel Pipes, 175-184[Custom Metal Hinge Supplies]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Na2s2o5 Sodium Metabisulfite (Sodium Metabisulphite) for Fixing Agent]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Professional Hot Selling Full Automatic Artificial Nutritional Rice Making Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Humidity Refrigeration Digital Controller Jsd-100+]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
6 Seats Electric Club Car Golf Cart by Marshell (DG-C6-8)Author for correspondence