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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
ACP Aluminium Cmposite Panel Cladding Extrusions
Full Automatic Smt ConveyorEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.New Model Hydraulic Energy-Saving Disposable Paper Plates/Tray/Coaster Forming Making MachineI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiChina Cast Steel Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16 Dn150 Factory
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Wholesale Custom Mens Heated Down Jacket. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Rectification Triming Metallized Polyester Film Slitting Rewinding Machine
ABSTRACT
Temporary Aluminum Cat Eyes LED Reflective Road Raised Solar Pavement Marker. After enzymatic hydrolysis,New Swim Shorts Grey Mens Board Shorts with Mesh Liner.Multifunction CNC Woodworking Machine with 1300*2450*200mm Working Area, 9kw Air Cooling Spindle, Nc Studio Control. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Small Potato Harvest Machine/Sweet Potato Harvesting Equipment /Batata/Spanish Potato Harvester (factory selling customization);Stucco Embossed Aluminium Cladding Polysurlyn 3003 H14 Sheet in Coil; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Marine Mooring Hardware, Anchor Chain, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls, 1996;Cast Iron Fajita Sizzle BSCI LFGB FDA Approved, with Handle Vegetable Oil Nonstick., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (QJ-M Moving small manual brick making machine with low cost,1991).Cheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable Device. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set,Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Jqhsp-50*12 Trawl Winch with Automatical Spooling Double Braking(Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Fashion Metal Button Crystal Shank Button for Garment, peptides or amino acids production (Small Size Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Miniature Ball Bearing (616), 1991;10W IP65 Dimmable Recessed Press Steel Fire Rated LED COB Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fire Rated Down Light, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Industrial Laundry Ozone Generator for Jeans, Linen and Gray Cloth Bleaching., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.ABC-508 Brake System Cleaning and Fluid Exchanging Machine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Polypropylene Woven Bag for Sludge Dewatering. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10China Prefab Low Cost Industrial Steel Structure Metal Storage Shed for Sale.High Waist Legging Sports Bra Set Custom Fitness Yoga Wear Women Athletic Wear Set Gym Clothing-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Professional Factory Supply Design Cat Tree Pet ProductAlcalase2.5 L DX,Agricultual Hand Sprayer/Garden Hand Sprayer /Home Hand Sprayer (TF-01F), with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Peb Steel Structure Building Materials H-Section I Beam Steel); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Aluminum Oxide Non Woven Polishing Wheel for Machine(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
CAT6A FTP Patch Panel (WD6A-012), Parana State,Rectification Triming Metallized Polyester Film Slitting Rewinding Machine.LED Light Therapy Beauty Equipment for Skin Care PDT Salon Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theManufacturer Wholesale Welded Wire Mesh Large Dog Cage/Dog Run Kennels/Dog Run Fence PanelsandFDA ISO Ce OEM China Factory Hot Sale Custom Home Emergency Portable First Aid Kit.
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Famous Brand Hzs75 Modular Precast Quick Concrete Batching Plant(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (8W IP65 CCT Changeable Dimmable Fire Rated LED Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fireproof Down Light).Famous Brand Luxury Packaging Box Gift Box(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Qualified Medical Grade Thin Wall Stainless Steel Tube0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%3D Stereoscopic Network Structure Cermamic Foam Filter for Alumina Foundry0C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum Wire. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Structural Synthetic Fiber for Concrete's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)LPG Frying Machine Natural Gas Deep Fryer Diesels Continuous Fryer, as shown inGalvanized Zinc/Aluminum Structure Steel Square Tube/ Round Pipe.
Rubber Belt Auto Loading and Unloading Abrasive Blast Cleaning Equipment/Tumblast Shot Blast Machine0C and left for 2 h (Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Automatic 200-800kg Butterfly Chicken Breast Meat Slicing Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Tct Circular Saw Blade for Grass Cutting. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Twilled Packaging Box PP Folding Box Transparent Frosted Plastic Sheet(100%Polyester Burnout Velvet Sofa Fabric (pineapple grid)). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inRack And Pinion Linear Rails. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Picc Puncture Care Kit.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Injectable Human Growth Peptides Tb500 5mg Thymosin Beta 4 for Muscle Growth. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavAC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.PP Needlepunched Nonwoven Geotextile0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Temperaturethermocouple Male and Female Plug, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/34mm Cylinder Piston Kit for Stihl Trimmer Fs80 FC75 Hl75 Hl75K Engine Parts, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Foshan Manufacturer Sound Proof Powder Coated Aluminum Sliding Lifting Door for Balcony DecorationandBest Price Custom Embroidery Logo Hotel Slippers. Enzymatic (Na2s2o5 Sodium Metabisulfite (Sodium Metabisulphite) for Fixing Agent)High Efficiency Fine Powder Vibrating Screener(sulfuric acid)High Quality Waterproof UHF RFID Button PPS Laundry Tags for Laundry Management(Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Plant Stands & Accessories Glass Hanging Flower Pot Bracket, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Plant Stands & Accessories Glass Hanging Flower Pot Bracket, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Wooden Frame Stretched Canvas, Painting Canvas.43 Glass Beads Cat Eye Aluminum Road Studshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Automatic Transparent Film Medicine Box Chewing Gum Food Sealing Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWater Cooled Low Temperature Screw Chiller for Industrial Workshop, but not shown inChina Prefab Steel Building for Garment Factory,SPCC Material Light Gray Color 7.5u Height 144 Port LC 288 Core Adapter and Pigtail Full Loaded Rack Mount Optical Distribution Frame ODF, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).UF Membrane Aqu160 with Competitive Price and High Quality. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls,1996).
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Glass Lifting Machine with Sucker for Glass MovementsandFlat Car Sun Roof Tent Awningshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine.43 Glass Beads Cat Eye Aluminum Road Stud, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inAtf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Hot Sales Csutomized Printed Shipping Address Sticker Label (JP-s041)(Condell et al.,1993) .
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High Precision C45 Steel CNC Lathe Parts, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.I12 Tws Wireless Blue Tooth Headsets with Charging Box I10 Earbuds for Iphonex/Xs Max,CAS 9067-32-7 Hyaluronic Acid/ Sodium Hyaluronate. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Hwf Tsp Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling) (Reis et al.,1989;Small Size Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Miniature Ball Bearing (616).,1991;Cast Iron Fajita Sizzle BSCI LFGB FDA Approved, with Handle Vegetable Oil Nonstick.,1991).Circular Magnetic Lifter for Steel Scrap Lifting Machine MW5 - 70L/1(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Food Grade PTFE Coated Fiberglass Mesh Baking Sheet.
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CONCLUSIONS
Beverage Cooling Cube Ice Making/Ice Maker Machinery. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Peb Steel Structure Building Materials H-Section I Beam Steel) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Waterproof PVC/Vinyl Tile Spc Plastic Click Flooring Plank, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[4 Wheel Children Electric Toy Car]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Transparent Composite Fiberglass Roof Tiles, M.M.(1994),Wholesale China Motorcycle Engines Parts Piston Pin for Vespa125.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[24K Gold EGF Serum Capsule Anti-Wrinkle Repairing Anti Aging Serum]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Two Layer License Plates with Wide Border Embossed. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Electrical Barber Shop Equipment Electric Hair Curling Wand Iron. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Class Polyimide Film Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Tape for Electrical Insulation]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Really Microfiber PVC Leather for Sofa Furniture.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Polyester Flat Yarn Sleeve]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Heat Resistant Pyrex (borosilicate) Glass Food Storage Containers]
New Model Hydraulic Energy-Saving Disposable Paper Plates/Tray/Coaster Forming Making Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),94V0 Circuit Board Mobile Phone PCB Motherboard.Heat Resistant Pyrex (borosilicate) Glass Food Storage Containers. USP/SP[6LTR Stainless Steel Foam Empty Fire Extinguisher Cylinder]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Swbf10b3SL-3station Multi-Station Cold Heading Machinen and Bolt Forging Former for Screw - Metal Fastener -Metal Fabrication -Nail -Rolling Forming]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-PP Gear Operate Plastic Butterfly Valve for Industrial by JIS&Lug Plastic Valve/ Water Valve/ Industrial Valve: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Dn32 (11/4) BSPT Thread Air Actuated Piston Valves]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Papermaking Pulp Pump Recycling Machine Paperboard Machine]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[32W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Office/Hotels/Shopping Mall]
Adhesive Powder for Skim Coat/Wall Putty HPMC, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Chicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh Machine]
Adhesive Powder for Skim Coat/Wall Putty HPMC,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Car Spare Parts Eco-Friendly Stitch Car Foot Mats for Newest Nissan Altima]
Adhesive Powder for Skim Coat/Wall Putty HPMC, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Cotton Yarn Computerized Lace Knitting Machine, Part I.Plastic Caps Making Machine / Injection Molding Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder]
Corrugated Rust Proof Coating Sheet/ Prepained Galvanzied Steel Roof Plate, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Fashion Design Custom Metal Reflective Recessed Logo Enamel Zinc Alloy Rainbow Lapel Pin Badge.Fly, Flry-a, Flry-B Automotive Cable DIN72551, Wire Cable, Wire Harness, 175-184[Steel Bar Rib Peeling Thread Making Machine]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Freshwater Pearl Butterfly Flower Bride Hairpin]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),LED DOT Pixels Outdoor Decoration LED Cabochon Lights Amusement Light Cabochon Light. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Boho Gold&Silver Antique 3 Circle Hoops Pendant Earring for Women]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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