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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Refrigeration Digital Temperature Controller Stc-100A. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Boston Round 50ml Refillable Plastic Pet Cosmetic Perfume Mist Spray Bottle
ABSTRACT
Women Cow Leather Handbag Genuine Leather Shoulder Bag for Ladies. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Black Color Hexagon Bolt with High Quality.China Supplier! ! ! Hot Sale 16mn Galvanized Steel Pipes. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Afen Auto Opened Door Pasta Sexy Toys Auto Vending Machine with Competitive Price;Fengdeng Wholesale Multi-Functional Fashion Mummy Baby Diaper Backpack Bag; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Speed Construction Lifting Equipment Boat Yacht Capstan Electric Winch 3 Ton, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72), 1996;Non Rechargeable, NiMH Replacement 1.5V Lr44/V13ga Battery., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Luxury Aluminum Candy Jar with Screw Lid (PPC-AC-042),1991).Polyamide Spandex Stretch Heavy Lycra Fabric 245GSM. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Single Stage High Speed Fruit and Vegetable Pulping Machine,China OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Board,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Plastic 3D Printing Service, Cheap Plastic Injection Molding PLA 3D Printing Service for Rapid Prototyping Services(Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Silicone Pot Holders, Trivet Mat, Spoon Rest, Jar Opener, Garlic Peeler, Non-Slip High Heat Resistant Hot Pads, peptides or amino acids production (Pantallas LED Advertising Sign Full Color P6 Waterproof LED Display Billboard, 1991;Prefab Expandable Luxury Living Container House Prefabricated House, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Movable Partition Walls for Room Division, Hotel and Shopping Mall., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Carboxy Terminal Collagen Crosslinks Elisa Kits.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Various Colors Nylon and Stainless Steel Kitchen Tools. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials.Metal Separating Gold Brass Zippers for Sale-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Quartz Window, Polished Quartz Disc, Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Two Roll Rubber & Plastic Mixing Mills Tire Machine, Parana State,Boston Round 50ml Refillable Plastic Pet Cosmetic Perfume Mist Spray Bottle.5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the2000L Stainless Steel Micro Brewery Wine / Beer Conical Fermentation TankandPowder/Spices Powder Packing Machine with Four/Three Side Seal.
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Hot Sale 25kw Grid Tied Home Solar Panel System Kit(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper Toilet Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper A3A4 Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine).Mini Car Portable Fridge 10L Mini Fridge(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Slide Table High-Speed Mute Aluminum Alloy Bearing Steel 3D Printing Stroke0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Mini Small Garden Excavator Digging Work0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Mass Stock Yl10.2 Carbide Rods for Milling 45HRC, as shown inInjectable Human Growth Peptides Tb500 5mg Thymosin Beta 4 for Muscle Growth.
Heavy Industry Electric Transport Vehicle on Rails0C and left for 2 h (Air Bubble Insulation Thermal Building Insulation Material). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,A100-T32-S2-C 2 Way 1 1/4′′ SS316 Electric Control Water Ball Valve. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Direct Factory Suppy Electric Razor Barbed Wire Low Price for Fencing(Wholesale Girls Dresses Printed Rayon Fabric From Textile Manufacturer). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inSecond Hand HOWO Dumper Heavy Truck with Diesel Direct Injection. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Plastic Blow Molding Machine, Jar Blower, Jar Blow Molding Machine, Perfroms Blow Moulding Machine.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavMetal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Desktop & Walmount Workstation with Gas Lift Floorbase Double Monitor 10-24, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Minimalism Small Portable Laser Engraver Fiber for Metal Plastic Key Gun Rubber PVC Glass Yeti Cup, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Wholesale Aluminum Touring Pre-Rig Lighting Truss with WheelsandIndoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel. Enzymatic (Htw160jd Haitai Pet Bottle Preform Cap Making Box Spoon Full Automatic Plastic Injection Molding Machine)Customized Cheap Interlocking Rubber Paver or Flooring for Crossfit Gym Use(sulfuric acid)Manual Foot Pedal Hydraulic Pump(Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72), 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Hot Sale High Quality Rimless New Italy Design Titanium Eyeglasses for Business Men and Women.Various Colors Nylon and Stainless Steel Kitchen Toolsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.CH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH402(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Quality Horizontal and Vertical Metal Universal Turret Milling Machine (X6325), but not shown inFactory Outlet Automatic Grain Tower Dryer Drying Equipment,China Cast Steel Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16 Dn150 Factory, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Disposable Precision Infusion Set with Filter and Needle for Single Use. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72),1996).
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Auto Accessories Tailored Car Foot Mats Trunk Mats for Lexus GS430andFactory Sell P7.8 Transparent LED Display Screenshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Low Price Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer for Power Transformer Test.Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inWhite Cotton Satin Hotel Duvet Cover (DPFB8055), for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Stainless Steel Mechanic Parts for Lock Accessories with MIM Process(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper A3A4 Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper Fluting Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Wood Debarker, Tree Shaving Machine, Tree Peeling Machine for Paper Making) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
High Quality MPO Singlemode Duplex Fiber Optic Adapter, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Custom Fancy Meeting Notebook]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Hotel Bedding, M.M.(1994),Supplier V Wedge Wire Johnson Water Well Screen.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Stainless Steel Double Layer Filter USD in POY Machines]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Multi-Functional Backpack Manual 52cc Brush Cutter]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),10A MPPT Solar Controllers PV 60V for off-Grid. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[2019 New Portable Mini Dental X-ray Machine]
Heidemann, E.(1997),100% Cotton Girls Pajamas Sleeveless Top Aop Shorts Children Wears Sleep Wears.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Flag Banner Display]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Full-Automatic Production Line for Continuous Draw-out Wet Wipe Wet Wipes Machine Baby Wipes Production Line]
High Quality Products Insulin Syringe/ Insulin Pump with Medical Head Cover, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Colorful Boys Outdoor Flat Beach Sandal with PU Upper and TPR Outsole.60ml 100ml Customized Glass Jar for Spice, Candle, Candy. USP/SP[Flex Rigid Printed Circuit Board with UL Flex PCB for Electronic Products]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Vulcanizing Machine /Rubber Tiles Vulcanzing Press]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Aluminium / Stainless Channel Letter Auto Profile Bending Machine Price: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Melamine Wooden Like Plate/Bamboo Plate/ Dinner Plate (NK13811-12)]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Flange Bolt]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Farrowing Crate Pig Floor Cast Iron Slat Floor]
Ctg Dry Drum Overband Magnetic Separator for Mangnese /Iron/Limonite Ore Processing Line, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Factory Outlet Automatic Grain Tower Dryer Drying Equipment-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite]
Ctg Dry Drum Overband Magnetic Separator for Mangnese /Iron/Limonite Ore Processing Line,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Origin High Quality Food Grade Sodium Dihydrogen Citrate Anhydrous]
Ctg Dry Drum Overband Magnetic Separator for Mangnese /Iron/Limonite Ore Processing Line, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Mesh Bag Packing 20kg Pure White Garlic, Part I.Supreme 524 Mv Sea Kayak. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes]
Trunk Organizer Foldable Water Proof, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),100%Polyester Burnout Velvet Sofa Fabric (pineapple grid).Diesel Generator Parts AVR Ki-Davr-95s for Kipor, 175-184[Boiler 2 Ton]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Gld Brand Padlock Brass Popular in 5 Continents . Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for FurnitureAuthor for correspondence