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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
Atl P4-2 Phased Ultrasound Transducer Probe for HDI 3000 3500. After enzymatic hydrolysis,W11 Series Symmetric Rolling Machine with Three Rollers /Powered Slip Rolls/Plate Rolling Machine/ Plate Bending Machine/Folder Machine/.Cake/Cookies/Bread Automatic Package and Packing Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Customize Milky Extrusion PC Cover;European Good Quality Bathroom Simple Sliding Glass Shower Cabina; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.UL Kc CB Bis Un38.3 Approved 461730 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery for Bluetooth Earphone, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fruit Plum Cleaning Washing Machine with Brushes Spray, 1996;Professional Manufacture Electromagnetic Impulse Solenoid Valve, Pulse Operated Solenoid Valve for Dust Collector., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (11.1V 2000mAh Lithium Polymer Battery Pack Customized Size,1991).Buy Mk 677 Powder Bulk Powders Sarms Mk 677, Mk677. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Jh21 Series Pneumatic Power Press CNC Punching Machine,Coal Fried Steam Boiler for Industry with Double Drum,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Dental Orthodontic Instrument Surgical Orthodontic Ligature Cutting Pliers(Fruit Plum Cleaning Washing Machine with Brushes Spray, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Stainless Steel Filter Strainer, peptides or amino acids production (Granite Cutting Diamond Saw Blades Cutting Blade, 1991;Steel Forged Automobile Spare Parts with Customized Drawing, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose HPMC Used in Tile Cement Adhesive Production., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Slip Resistant Corrugated Protection Entrance Rubber Floor Mat.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Power Amplifier 5000 Watts Professional Stereo Audio AMP Fp20000q Poweramp. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fruit Plum Cleaning Washing Machine with Brushes Spray, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10T-Shirt Clamshell Heat Press Sublimation Machine (40X60cm).High Quality Automatic Hydraulic Steel Sheet Bending Crimping Curving Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Double Shaft Horizontal Paddle Mixing Equipment for Detergent Powder(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
2019 Newest Hybrid Shockproof Phone Case for iPhone Xs Max Xr X 8 7 6 Plus, Parana State,in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case.Whole Producing Line Salt Bath Bomb/Salt Tablet/ Salt Block Making Hydraulic Press Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Fruit Plum Cleaning Washing Machine with Brushes Spray, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theBrushed Cotton Twill Fine 3D Embroidery Custom Baseball CapandCNC Machining Non-Standard Hardware Parts.
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Ipg 1000W, 2000W Professional Metal Pipe Laser Cutting Machine for 6m Metal Tube(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Manufacturer PVC Synthetic Artificial Leather for Sofa Upholstery Cover with Variety of Backing).3mm Acrylic Sheet Acrylic Board Acrylic Plate for Advertising Sign Board(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Low Pressure PU Filter Gasket Sandal Making Machine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Lifting Rigging M16 Stainless Steel304/316 Cable DIN1480 Turnbuckles with Eye-Hook0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Flour Making Machine Wheat Maize Flour Mill Machinery. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Metal Chicks Rearing Cages for Laying Hens's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Factory Direct Supply Yiwu Stocklots Hard Cover A5 High Quality Leather Notebooks for Gifts Free Shipping, as shown inFast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line.
Ferrule Woven Rope Wire Mesh /SS316 Decorative Rope Mesh0C and left for 2 h (Southeast Asia Healthy Soft Integrated Latex Foam Mattress). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Integrated Wastewater Treatment Equipment for Poultry and Slaughtering Sewage Treatment. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Metal Material and Sports Theme Custom Metal Medal. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Portable Installation and Ce Certification 20g/Hr OEM Air Purifier(Classical New Coming Plastic Female Sunglasses). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inDesign Your Own Jar. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Water Treatment Alkali Chemicals Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3).
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Full Computer Plain Socks Knitting Machine with High Quality. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavCommon Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.One Step Myo/Ck-MB/Ctnl Combo Rapid Test Cassette0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hot Sell RFID 13.56mkz MIFARE 4K DESFire EV1 CPU Card, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/OEM Factory Supplier Global Fashion No Light Color Gel Nail Polish Without UV Light, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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100 Ton 200 Ton Bending Cutting Straightening Machine H Frame Hydraulic Press for Sale, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Carbon Graphite Crucible,Decorative Aluminum Solid Panel for Commercial Building. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter) (Reis et al.,1989;Granite Cutting Diamond Saw Blades Cutting Blade.,1991;Professional Manufacture Electromagnetic Impulse Solenoid Valve, Pulse Operated Solenoid Valve for Dust Collector.,1991).Cummins ISBE truck diesel engine motor parts 3940059 camshaft bushing(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Di DIN3352 Double Orifice Automatic Air Release Valve Dn65.
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CONCLUSIONS
Magic Hair Twist Curl Sponge Brush. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Good 0.38mm Color F-Green PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Clearing Clogged Effectively Pipe Drain Cleaning Machine (A75), A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Decorative Chrome License Plate Frames]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Geyi Disposable Laparoscopic Visible Optical Trocar, M.M.(1994),Customized Plastic Items Access Flap Cover Cap Plastic Injection Moulding.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[33kv Dry Type Resin Casted Distribution Transformer]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Factory Direct Supply Yiwu Stocklots Hard Cover A5 High Quality Leather Notebooks for Gifts Free Shipping]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Bimetallic Thermometer Industrial Temperature Gauge. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Festival Ceramic Mug]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),19 Network Cabinet with Lockable Rear Door. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Mint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Automatic Blow Molding Pet Bottle Making Semi Auto Blower Perform Making Bottle Machinery.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Crystal Glass Mosaic for Wall]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Ceramic Edge Protection Profiles Decorative Ceramic Metal Tile Trim]
Solid Flex-Drain Pipe Length 40′, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),175mm Diamond Cutting Blade for Granite&Tiles.Raytools/Wsx/Precitec Fiber Laser Cutting Head, Laser Cutting Nozzle, Lasr Cuting Protective Lens, Laser Cutting Ceramic, Laser Cutting Consumables. USP/SP[Fly]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-PU-Flex Duct Hose for Transporting Dust, Granules and Shavings: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Cable Tray with ′t′ Slots]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Battery 55ah]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Refrigeration Digital Temperature Controller Stc-100A]
Euro Schuko 3 Pin Plug to IEC 320 C13 Female Connector 10A 220V AC Power Plug, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Uprigth Touch-Screen Red Wine Chiller-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Bodybuilding Sr9009 Oral Anabolic Sarms White Powder for Weight Loss]
Euro Schuko 3 Pin Plug to IEC 320 C13 Female Connector 10A 220V AC Power Plug,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Hpa Tank Refill Scuba Tank Air Fill Adapter Gas Transfer for Diving High Pressure Tank]
Euro Schuko 3 Pin Plug to IEC 320 C13 Female Connector 10A 220V AC Power Plug, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Pressure Swing Adsorption Nitrogen Inflator Nitrogen Inflator N2 Inflator, Part I.Daily Use Teeth Whitening Charcoal Powder Oral Hygiene Cleaning Activated Charcoal Powder. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Good Prize Solar PV Mounting Panel System for Ground]
Multi-Layer Machine Press Hydraulic Hot for Plywood Making Machinery, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Yashi 42 Inch LED Multi Touch Screen Interactive Whiteboard.Groove Type Wood Log Tree Peeling and Debarking Machine, 175-184[Aluminum PCB]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Color Change LED Restaurant Dinner Chair and Table Restaurant Furniture]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Quality CE Digital Display Adjustable Power Supply. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Countersunk Head Self Drilling Screw Color Zinc Plated DIN7504r]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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