ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Christmas Decoration Rose Flower LED Light String

ABSTRACT

D Section Stainless Steel Tube. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Mint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste.125mmsintered Dry Cutter Turbo Diamond Circular Saw Blade for Tile. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High-End Business Magnet Leather Ring Binder Notebook, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops, 1996;New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Eyes- Caring LED Night Light for Nursing Reading with Soft Light,1991).China Bearing with Housing Bearing / Pillow Block Bearing. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Steel & Plastic Drums Lifters, Drum Lifters Handling Equipment Lm800,The Most Competitive Sodium Gluconate for Water Reducer,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Angle Plastic Product Fiber Glass Reinforced FRP Pultrusion Profiles(Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Electric Magic Hot Hair Styling Curling Iron with Brushes, peptides or amino acids production (Melt Pressure Transducer (PT133), 1991;Galvanized Zinc/Aluminum Structure Steel Square Tube/ Round Pipe, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody Bag., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Top Selling Ceiling Tiles/Ceramic Tile Hydraulic Press Making Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Educational Toys, Kid Eduactional Toys House, Children Educational Toys Game. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Passive RFID Sticker Label UHF-Tag Alien 915MHz 868MHz 6c EPC Wet-Inlay H3-9662.Auto Spare Parts for Water Pump 19200-Rdv-J01 for Accord-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Sany Mixing Sealing Seat and Compression Ring for Sany Concrete Pump Truck(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear, Parana State,Christmas Decoration Rose Flower LED Light String.Hotel Steel Digital Room Safes with Large LED Display, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theGld Brand Padlock Brass Popular in 5 Continents  and500W Outdoor Lighting LED Wall Lamp Solar Light LED Flood Street Light with Controller IP65 Wall Light with Solar Panel.

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Vintage Antique Home Living Decor Ceiling Crystal Chandelier Pendant Lighting Fixture(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Multi Parameter Small Digital Domestic Water Meter TDS Meter).Biogas/Methane Purification System/Desulfurization/Scrubber Tower(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Popular Custom School Uniform Woven Badge Patch with Merrow Border⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,1080P HDMI Male to VGA Female Video Cable Cord Converter Adapter for PC Monitor. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Small Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Electrical Stationary Hoist Tower Crane 500kg Motor, as shown inMen Ankle Business Socks Hot Mens Dress Cotton Socks Wholesale.

Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage⁰C and left for 2 h (Builtin Video Wall Controller 3X3 LCD Digital Signage Large Video Wall). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine(Good Quality White PVC Rigid Foam Board for Iran Market). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLamella Clarifier in Industrial Wastewater Treatment. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Full Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Roll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avReusable Metal Stainless Steel Drinking Straws(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Detergent and Cosmetic Grade SLES/AES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/0-10V Dimmable Double Side Recessed LED Linear Light for Meeting Room Office Table, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Scouring Pads Making Machine for Brush King, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Molasses Fuel Ethanol Distillation PlantandIdeabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor. Enzymatic (Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles)Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine(sulfuric acid)3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank(Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats,Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Temporary Aluminum Cat Eyes LED Reflective Road Raised Solar Pavement Marker) (Reis et al.,1989;Melt Pressure Transducer (PT133).,1991;New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace.,1991).Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter.

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CONCLUSIONS

STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Sap Super Absorbent Anionic Polymer Flocculant]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings, M.M.(1994),Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[China OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Board]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Farm Relief Plastic Automatic Air Release Valve]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Kh No Fried Automatic Potato Chips Making Machines]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Eco-Friendly Biodegradable Fashion Party Supply Striped Polka DOT Printed Paper Straw for Plastic Cup. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Solar Energy Storad Power Generation System]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Lifting and Hoisting Industrial Manual Chain Lever Block Vt]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[PP Needlepunched Nonwoven Geotextile]

Three Phase a. C. Synchronous Alternator/Generator (STC 3KW-50KW), C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316.Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco. USP/SP[6 12 18 10 Lead Raw ECG Electrode Cable Placement Used for Patient ECG Monitoring]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Modern Office Ergonomic Executive Leather Swivel Office Chair (HC-Venlo)]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Electrical Stationary Hoist Tower Crane 500kg Motor]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China High Quality Customized Drywall Partition Metal Studs Light Steel Keel]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[8000kg Diesel Forklift Great Logistic Equipment Fork Lift Truck 8ton]

Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank, Chocolate Buffer Tank, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Honeyson Safe Lock Hotel Equipment Service Deposit Safety Box Ce-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[FM USB Radio Audio Power Amplifier for Home Bar Club]

Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank, Chocolate Buffer Tank,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Yashi Touch Screen Smart Interactive Whiteboard for Office]

Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank, Chocolate Buffer Tank, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid Valve, Part I.China Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building Material. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco]

Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Purple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead Wire.Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED, 175-184[Seamless Alloy Steel Boiler Pipe]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Hydrophobic Excellent Thermal Insulation Silica Aerogel Powder]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),PVC Shrink Wrap Bottle Labels / Pet Heat Shrink Labels for Bottle Caps. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[New Cisco Aironet 3700 Series Wireless Access Point Air-Cap3702e-B-K9]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports WearAuthor for correspondence