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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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Ce / ISO9001 / 7 Patents Approved Cable Buncher High Speed Stranding MachineEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.CNC Machining High Precision A380 Die-Casting Aluminum Auto Spare PartsI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge Nozaki700 mm RP HP UHP Graphite Electrode Sold at Factory Price
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-China Gooseneck Lowboy/Low Bed/Lowbed Utility Heavy Truck Tractor Semi Trailer. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Vulcanizing Machine /Rubber Tiles Vulcanzing Press
ABSTRACT
Belt Driven Air Compressor Parts Atlas Copco Double Hanbell Compressors Industrial Air Cooled Screw Water Chiller Low Pressure Oilless Air Compressors Low. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Protein Shaker Bottle with 2 Compartments, Leak Proof, Shaker Cup, 17-Ounce.Omni Newest Manager Desk Office Smart Office Table Office Staff Table. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;6oz/175ml Plastic Packaging Pharmaceutical Plastic Medicine Container with Plastic Screw Cap;30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Plastic Microwave Lunch Container/ Lunch Box Plastic/ PP Food Storage, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Full-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet, 1996;Oring O-Ring All Kinds of Rubber Material NBR Nr EPDM Rubber Product., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Hot Forming Pushing Elbow Making Machine,1991).13 Inch Pneumatic Rubber Wheel Bicycle Wheel with Plastic Rim for Kids Balance Bike. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Professional Inkjet Printer Ultrasonic Printhead Cleaning Machine for Epson Dx5 Dx7 Seiko 510 Konica 512 Polaris Xaar Spectra UV/Solvent Print Head Cleaner,As568 Standard Brown FKM Rubber O Ring for Sealing,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,The Chinese Factory Directly Supply Low Price High Quality Washing Powder Laundry Detergent(Full-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Hot Sale Beautiful RFID NFC Ntag213 Epoxy Card, peptides or amino acids production (200W UFO LED High Bay Light Fixture for Interior Exterior Applications, 1991;China OEM Manufacturers Supply 8 Person Golf Cart (DG-C6+2), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;13.4L 22.4L Inflatable Helium Tank Disposable Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Bathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Mushroom Head Stud Sert. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Full-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Customized Wholesale Hot Sale Cotton/Polyester Streetwear Pullover Long Sleeve Crop Hoodies for Women.Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
G08p22 Newly Design Hanging Wheel 304 Stainless Steel Sliding Glass Frameless Shower ScreenAlcalase2.5 L DX,Embossing Roller for Tissue Paper, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Gauge 30 Tile Red Durable Roofing Profiles PPGL Steel); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Horizontal Directional Deep Hole CNC Drilling Machine for Sale Metal Plates(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Colorful Reflective Sticker Reflective Tape, Parana State,Vulcanizing Machine /Rubber Tiles Vulcanzing Press.Concrete Spare Part Electrical System Central Distribution Box, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Full-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHousehold Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control MopandMovable Partition Walls for Room Division.
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Bedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Export Quality Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle).50Hz to 60Hz Frequency Inverter for Water Pump(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Metal Universal Vertical Turret Milling Machine (X6323 X6325 X6325D X6330)0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Quality Horizontal and Vertical Metal Universal Turret Milling Machine (X6325)0C for 2 h. After this treatment,4X8 Waterproof PVC Marble Sheet Wall Panels Decorative Bathroom Wall Panels. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Vvvf Golden Mirror Sightseeing Passenger House Panoramic Home Observation Elevator's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)PVC Cabinet Construction Board, White 18mm PVC Foam Board, as shown inIntegrated Crawler Rotary Underground Fully Hydraulic Tunnel Jumbo Drilling Rig.
2019 New Portable Mini Dental X-ray Machine0C and left for 2 h (CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Ss Reduced Port 2000wog 1PC Screwed Ball Valve. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,China Origin High Quality Food Grade Sodium Dihydrogen Citrate Anhydrous. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'China Prefab Steel Building for Garment Factory(High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inWholesale Nice Plastic Big Capacity Lunch Box. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Dark Blue Color Texture Indoor Swimming Pool Glass Mosaic Tile.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Cable Tray with ′t′ Slots. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav10 Gauge Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh for Construction Using(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.0.5mm Pitch PCB Board Auto Part Motorcycle Parts Engine Parts FPC Cable Wire Connector0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/201 301 304 Embossed Checkered Plate Stainless Steel Coil/Sheet, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Disposable PS Foam Fast Food Box Making Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless BottleandSuoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A). Enzymatic (Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP)Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples(sulfuric acid)Best Selling Counter Balance Forklift 3 Ton LPG Forklift Truck(Full-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Hotel SPA Swimming Pool, Sport Room, Bathroom Towel, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Hotel SPA Swimming Pool, Sport Room, Bathroom Towel, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Powerful Cleaning Colorful Scouring Pad for Kitchen Use.Wholesale Custom Mens Heated Down Jacketshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.500t Plywood Hot Press Woodworking Machine (12-25 layers)(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAdjustable Office Commercial Suspended Pendant LED Aluminum Channel Profile for Ceiling Light, but not shown inFood Grade Transparent Cookie Airtight Plastic Container Jars,10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Full Automatic 4000b/h 500ml Plastic Jar Making Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Full-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet,1996).
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Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing MachineandThe Most Competitive Sodium Gluconate for Water Reducershow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Aluminum Can Automatic Juice Beer Soda Filling Packing Canning Machine.5L, 8L, 10L, 20L, 50L, 100L Laboratory Cone Shape Dry Powder Mixer /Blending /Mixing /Blend /Blender Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inWood Veneer Peeling and Clipping Combined Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.PCB18h 8p8c Modular Plug with Shield Head RJ45 Connector(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Hermetic Sliding Lead Door, X Ray Room Door, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Laundry Used Gas Water Heater with CE/Asme Certificate,15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Picosecond Laser Tattoo Removal Skin Care Medical Instrument) (Reis et al.,1989;200W UFO LED High Bay Light Fixture for Interior Exterior Applications.,1991;Oring O-Ring All Kinds of Rubber Material NBR Nr EPDM Rubber Product.,1991).2019 Hot Sales Comfortable Mesh Chair Computer Staff Chair Ow-J219b(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon.
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CONCLUSIONS
Hnx Wholesale High Quality Metal Brass Standard Nutsert Lock Nut. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Gauge 30 Tile Red Durable Roofing Profiles PPGL Steel) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh/Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Copper Tungsten Round Bar Electrode for EDM]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light, M.M.(1994),Home Furniture Set Restaurant King Throne Wedding Banquet Dining Chair.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Steam Eye Mask Heating One Eye Mask for Sleeping]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Pressure Qsl8.9 Injector Fuel Supply Tube for Dongfeng]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-What′s Kind of Machine for Making Organic Fertilizer Granules. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Banded Type Tee Used on Oil]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Gsjl 91/1 Multibar Computerized Jacquard Warp Knitting Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Cheap Bent 6mm 8mm 10mm 12mm Clear Curved Tempered Glass for Construction Building]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Home and Hospital Electric Patient Lift.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Bluetooth Tripod Monopod]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Pet Anti-Static Needled Mat]
CNC Machining High Precision A380 Die-Casting Aluminum Auto Spare Parts, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Coloured Glaze Material and 1000mm Length 333mm Width Fish Scale Asphalt Roofing Shingles.M4 Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump Various Good Quality. USP/SP[Black Small Fridge for Showcase]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Tall/Large Cube Glass Terrarium Planter Gift Card Holder]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Motorcycle Intake Manifold Carburetor Interface Connector Joint Motorcycle Parts: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[200W UFO LED High Bay Light Fixture for Interior Exterior Applications]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Lh32-330b Explosion Proof Peristaltic Squeeze Hose Pump]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Music Equipment Flight Case/Aluminum Flight Case Hardware/Guitar Effect Pedals Flight Case]
DC 12V Power Relay for Smart House, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),2019 Good Price Stainless Steel Wedge Wire separation Screen Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Water /Wastewater Treatment-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Beverage Cooling Cube Ice Making/Ice Maker Machinery]
DC 12V Power Relay for Smart House,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps]
DC 12V Power Relay for Smart House, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Medical Human Body Thermometer, Part I.Patent Product Solar Insect Killer Lamp, Made in Goldsun, China.. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Magic Hair Twist Curl Sponge Brush]
Greenhouse Fixing Film Profile Lock Channel and Spring Wire, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),30W Fiber Laser Marking Machine Deaktop Laser Printer for Plastic Bottle /Aluminium Product/Metallic Products.Export Quality Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle, 175-184[Fireworks Fountain]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Concrete Pump Sponge Cleaning Ball for Concrete Pump Truck]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),RP/HP/UHP Electrode Scrap Powder Graphite Electrode Price for Arc. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Small Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid ValveAuthor for correspondence