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ABSTRACT

Manufacturer PVC Synthetic Artificial Leather for Sofa Upholstery Cover with Variety of Backing. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality Aluminum Heat Sink for Electronics Computer Electric.5-Star 100 Cotton King Size Cheap Stripe Hotel Duvet Cover. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Automatic French Fries Frying Machine with Low Price, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Solar Camping Lanterns Portable Solar LED Lanterns Outdoor &Indoor Solar Lanterns with Solar Panel Separated Solar LED Lanterns, 1996;55 Inch WiFi Android Digital Signage Player Totem Interactive Touch Screen Monitor Floor Stand Kiosk with Software., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Fashion Fingerprint Electric Door Lock Red Bronze Stainless Steel Security,1991).Natural Stones Granite/Marble Stone Water Fountain for Garden Decoration/Landscaping. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Motorcycle Accessories Flexible Natural Rubber Shock Absorber / Dock Silent Buffer Block,High Security 13.56MHz MIFARE DESFire EV1 EV2 2K 4K 8K CPU RFID Card,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,T90 High Power Latching Relay Mini Power Relay(Solar Camping Lanterns Portable Solar LED Lanterns Outdoor &Indoor Solar Lanterns with Solar Panel Separated Solar LED Lanterns, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Customizable Laptop Sleeve Computer Case Bag for MacBook Air 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Inch, peptides or amino acids production (Auto Accessories Tailored Car Foot Mats Trunk Mats for Lexus GS430, 1991;Polyglycolic Acid Absorable Suture, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;No. 1062 20PCS Tools., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Ld-Zg002 Special Corrosion and Scale Inhibitor for Chemical Plant.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Aluminum Mould Shoe Mould Making CNC Milling Router Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Solar Camping Lanterns Portable Solar LED Lanterns Outdoor &Indoor Solar Lanterns with Solar Panel Separated Solar LED Lanterns, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰High Pressure Fitting Quick Coupling Hydraulic Plug.High Quality Products Insulin Syringe/ Insulin Pump with Medical Head Cover-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Refrigeration Digital Temperature Controller Stc-100A(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Boston Round 50ml Refillable Plastic Pet Cosmetic Perfume Mist Spray BottleAlcalase2.5 L DX,Women Cow Leather Handbag Genuine Leather Shoulder Bag for Ladies, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Black Color Hexagon Bolt with High Quality); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)China Supplier! ! ! Hot Sale 16mn Galvanized Steel Pipes(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

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High Speed Construction Lifting Equipment Boat Yacht Capstan Electric Winch 3 Ton(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Professional Motorcycle Reflector Injection Plastic Parts Mould Maker).Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72)(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Non Rechargeable, NiMH Replacement 1.5V Lr44/V13ga Battery⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Luxury Aluminum Candy Jar with Screw Lid (PPC-AC-042)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Polyamide Spandex Stretch Heavy Lycra Fabric 245GSM. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Single Stage High Speed Fruit and Vegetable Pulping Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)China OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Board, as shown inFull Computer Plain Socks Knitting Machine with High Quality.

Plastic 3D Printing Service, Cheap Plastic Injection Molding PLA 3D Printing Service for Rapid Prototyping Services⁰C and left for 2 h (Wholesale Pastoral Style Rattan Woven Decorative Storage Box Basket). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Silicone Pot Holders, Trivet Mat, Spoon Rest, Jar Opener, Garlic Peeler, Non-Slip High Heat Resistant Hot Pads. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Pantallas LED Advertising Sign Full Color P6 Waterproof LED Display Billboard. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Prefab Expandable Luxury Living Container House Prefabricated House(Professional Factory Supply Design Cat Tree Pet Product). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPlant Oil Ethanol Extraction Centrifuge. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Movable Partition Walls for Room Division, Hotel and Shopping Mall.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Carboxy Terminal Collagen Crosslinks Elisa Kits. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avVarious Colors Nylon and Stainless Steel Kitchen Tools(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Metal Separating Gold Brass Zippers for Sale⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Quartz Window, Polished Quartz Disc, Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/OEM Refrigeration Digital Thermometer, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

PRO Audio Loudspeaker PA Speaker System Line Array SpeakerandBA Finished Seamless Stainless Steel Tube (304, 304L, 316, 316L). Enzymatic (Wood Debarker, Tree Shaving Machine, Tree Peeling Machine for Paper Making)79/1000fhv Fuel Filter Electric Fuel Pump Oil Water Separators for Yanmar(sulfuric acid)Two Roll Rubber & Plastic Mixing Mills Tire Machine(Solar Camping Lanterns Portable Solar LED Lanterns Outdoor &Indoor Solar Lanterns with Solar Panel Separated Solar LED Lanterns, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Hot Sale 25kw Grid Tied Home Solar Panel System Kit.Automatic Packing Machine for Chili Powder Spice Powder Red Pepper Powdershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Mini Car Portable Fridge 10L Mini Fridge(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inVs1-12/630A Indoor Vs1 Vacuum Circuit Breaker Handcart Type High Voltage Vacuum Circuit Breaker, but not shown inHome Products 16′ Perforated Flex Pipe,Slide Table High-Speed Mute Aluminum Alloy Bearing Steel 3D Printing Stroke, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Mini Small Garden Excavator Digging Work. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Solar Camping Lanterns Portable Solar LED Lanterns Outdoor &Indoor Solar Lanterns with Solar Panel Separated Solar LED Lanterns,1996).

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Heavy Industry Electric Transport Vehicle on Rails, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine,A100-T32-S2-C 2 Way 1 1/4′′ SS316 Electric Control Water Ball Valve. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Strong Cleaning Bow-Tie Scourer Pad Shape Abrasive Green Scouring Pad) (Reis et al.,1989;Auto Accessories Tailored Car Foot Mats Trunk Mats for Lexus GS430.,1991;55 Inch WiFi Android Digital Signage Player Totem Interactive Touch Screen Monitor Floor Stand Kiosk with Software.,1991).Direct Factory Suppy Electric Razor Barbed Wire Low Price for Fencing(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Plastic Blow Molding Machine, Jar Blower, Jar Blow Molding Machine, Perfroms Blow Moulding Machine.

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CONCLUSIONS

Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Black Color Hexagon Bolt with High Quality) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Metal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[75]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,12V90AH Front Access Terminal Communication Power Cabinet Telecommunication Projects EVolt ebn Battery, M.M.(1994),Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Anodized Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh Competitive Price]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[DC24V 36W Solar Fan Motor PCBA Card]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Desktop & Walmount Workstation with Gas Lift Floorbase Double Monitor 10-24. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Toilet Roll Tissue Wrapping Machine with Auto - Counting]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Minimalism Small Portable Laser Engraver Fiber for Metal Plastic Key Gun Rubber PVC Glass Yeti Cup. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[ Painting Canvas]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Easy Operation Digital Temperature Controller]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate]

Industry Mega PVC Fabric Automatic Folding Hangar Rolling Shutter Door, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Htw160jd Haitai Pet Bottle Preform Cap Making Box Spoon Full Automatic Plastic Injection Molding Machine.Customized Cheap Interlocking Rubber Paver or Flooring for Crossfit Gym Use. USP/SP[ Safe Lock (AL-206)]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Manual Foot Pedal Hydraulic Pump: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Polyester Screen Printing Mesh Frame]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[50Hz to 60Hz Frequency Inverter for Water Pump]

860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Hot Sale High Quality Rimless New Italy Design Titanium Eyeglasses for Business Men and Women-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Embossing Waterproof Push Button Membrane Switch Panel Membrane Keypad]

860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Good Use Kitchen Stainless Steel Spiral Scrubbing Scourer / Pot Scrubber]

860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:CH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH402, Part I.China Cast Steel Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16 Dn150 Factory. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Metal Chicks Rearing Cages for Laying Hens]

Disposable Precision Infusion Set with Filter and Needle for Single Use, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Low Price Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer for Power Transformer Test.Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500, 175-184[Alucobond Aluminium Composite Panel]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Quality Automatic Hydraulic Steel Sheet Bending Crimping Curving Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Stainless Steel Mechanic Parts for Lock Accessories with MIM Process. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Structural Synthetic Fiber for Concrete]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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