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ABSTRACT

Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h.Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco, 1996;Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank, Chocolate Buffer Tank,1991).Honeyson Safe Lock Hotel Equipment Service Deposit Safety Box Ce. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid Valve,China Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building Material,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle(Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Purple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead Wire, peptides or amino acids production (Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED, 1991;PVC Shrink Wrap Bottle Labels / Pet Heat Shrink Labels for Bottle Caps, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;S235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Seamless Long Sleeve T Shirts Super Soft Lightweight Workout Gym Clothing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Mini Oval Casserole Pot. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Stainless Steel Square Wire Mesh Netting with SGS.Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth, Parana State,35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel.Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the40ton Double Girder Low-Headroom European Electric Wire Rope Hoist/Winch (BMG-40122mm5)andOEM Carbon Steel/Stainless Steel Silca Sol Lost Wax/Investment/Precision Cast/Casting Part.

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Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/Wastewater⁰C and left for 2 h (Full Automatic 4000b/h 500ml Plastic Jar Making Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992(Made in China Lqa Strap Banding Tool). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFashion RFID Blocking Sleeves for Passport Holder and Credit Card Holder. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avManufacturer Plastic Injection Mould Molding Nylon PP Injection(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Abrasive Resistant Heavy Duty PVC Helix Suction Hose for Mining ApplicationandOutdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale. Enzymatic (Custom Logo Cotton Terry Oversize Pullover Men Hoodie)Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug(sulfuric acid)Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer(Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room.China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Pressshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFolding Play Mat Crawl Play Mat, but not shown inDbry-320 Christmas Stickers Labels Printing Machine,Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco,1996).

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Fiber Optic Sc APC Fast Connector for FTTH Drop CableandSelf Balancing Scooter 2 Wheel Electric Standing Balance Scooter Skateboard Hoverboard with Remote Keyshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles.Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inAluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut,Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length) (Reis et al.,1989;Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED.,1991;Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars.,1991).Full Automatic Tomato Ketchup Sauce Sachet Packaging Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side.

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CONCLUSIONS

High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Interchangeable Plug Universal Travel 12V 3A AC DC Power Adapter with Detachable Plug]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8), M.M.(1994),Telescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Quality Powder and Wax Brush with Wooden Handle]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Patent LED Tri-Proof light Fixture 30W, 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[15kv-35kv Medium Voltage XLPE Insulated Underground Urd Power Cable]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production Line. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[FRP Water Tank GRP Fishing Tanks From Factory Supply]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Construction Machine Spare Parts Factory & Manufacturer]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[China Solar Panel Solar Cell Photovoltaic 300W Hot Sell]

Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage.Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration. USP/SP[Original Cummins Genuine Auto Diesel Engine Assemblies Cylinder Block 3928797 for Nta855]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Waterproof Covering Material Interior Wall Composite Panel]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Precision Piston Ring Good Shape Ability High Quality Surface]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[High Strength 8/12 Strand Hawser Hmpe UHMWPE Marine Towing Rope for Mooring]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Aluminum PCB Circuit Board SMD PCBA LED PCB]

Commercial Use Click Lock Standard Spc Vinyl Plank Flooring, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Customized Fashion Luxury Wooden Cosmetic Store Fixture for Shop-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[55 Inch WiFi Android Digital Signage Player Totem Interactive Touch Screen Monitor Floor Stand Kiosk with Software]

Commercial Use Click Lock Standard Spc Vinyl Plank Flooring,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Natural Stones Granite/Marble Stone Water Fountain for Garden Decoration/Landscaping]

Commercial Use Click Lock Standard Spc Vinyl Plank Flooring, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Pressure Qsl8.9 Injector Fuel Supply Tube for Dongfeng, Part I.Precision Customized OEM Auto Hardware Lathe CNC Machining Parts. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[OEM Refrigeration Digital Thermometer]

White Color Enamel Bowls with High Quality, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Customized Good Quality Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Enclosure with Hinged Door.Nonwoven Fiber Quilt Produce Machine Wadding Production Line / Sheep Wool Quilts Production Line Comforter for Bedding Making Production Line, 175-184[Stainless Steel Angleizer Template Tool Measures Angle Template Tool]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Residence Use 220V 50Hz 12kw Portable silent Diesel Generator]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Waterproof Fireproof Fiber Cement Board Wall Panel/ Cladding Board. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum Wire]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Lab Equipment Sr Paper Pulp Beating Freeness Test MachineAuthor for correspondence