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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module
ABSTRACT
Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer.Full Automatic Tomato Ketchup Sauce Sachet Packaging Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side;High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8), 1996;Telescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Patent LED Tri-Proof light Fixture 30W, 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved,1991).Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production Line. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck,Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration(Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder, peptides or amino acids production (Commercial Use Click Lock Standard Spc Vinyl Plank Flooring, 1991;Customized Fashion Luxury Wooden Cosmetic Store Fixture for Shop, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Pressure Qsl8.9 Injector Fuel Supply Tube for Dongfeng., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Precision Customized OEM Auto Hardware Lathe CNC Machining Parts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-White Color Enamel Bowls with High Quality. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Customized Good Quality Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Enclosure with Hinged Door.Nonwoven Fiber Quilt Produce Machine Wadding Production Line / Sheep Wool Quilts Production Line Comforter for Bedding Making Production Line-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Waterproof Fireproof Fiber Cement Board Wall Panel/ Cladding Board(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Vertical CNC Milling Machine (Bed Type CNC Milling Machine XK7136C), Parana State,Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module.Cabinet Shelf Support Pin Furniture Hardware Fittings, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theSurgical Power Tool Medical Care Orthopedic Mini Bone SawandNew Design Inclined Plane 18W LED Wall Washer Lighting.
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Reasonable Price High Quality Nylon Cable Gland(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (1.6 Ton Hand Lifting Tool Lever Chain Block).Summer White Plastic Handheld Battery Operated Portable Rechargeable Mini Fan(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Disposable Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Tube0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Quality Cheaper Sea Water Magnetic Flow Meter Flange Type0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Volvo Truck Spare Parts Fuel Filter/Caterpillar Filter Element. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)New Fashion Ladies Genuine Leather Flat Loafers Shoes with Flower 1126's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Original Auto Parts 612600081334 Wg9100590031 Wg16422401020 for China HOWO Trucks, as shown in3.0kw Spindle CNC Router with Certificate for Woodworking.
Counter-Clip Fluorine-Lined Butterfly Valve0C and left for 2 h (Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.DC Brushless Motor for CNC Machine with ISO9001. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Factory Sale 25ton Sinotruk HOWO 6X4 371HP Tractor Head Truck. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light(Q35y-30 Ironworker Shearing and Punching Machine Ce Approved Q35y Hydraulic Iron). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inMachining Spare Part CNC Machined High Volume Aluminum Parts. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Manufacturer Customized Plastic Injection Molding.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Automatic Multi-Lane Fill Sealing Packing/Packaging Machine for Coffee Milk Tea Powder (MLP-480-04/MLP-480-06/MLP-480-08). Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavPneumatic Electric Manual Stainless Steel Sanitary Butterfly Valve(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.60PCS/M LED 14.4W 20 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Line Light0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Solar Energy Storad Power Generation System, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/110V 140W Electric AC Induction Gear Motor (61K140GU-AFJ/6GU25K), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Chinese Manufacturer Provide First-Class Service for Non Stretch/Elastic Allover LaceandCustom Aluminum Cover Frame Half Aluminum Cover Profile. Enzymatic (Tire Rubber Powder Recycling Equipment for Sale Truck Tires Rubber Shredding Facility)DC24V 36W Solar Fan Motor PCBA Card(sulfuric acid)New Monocular Hunting Wargame Mini Scope Digital Night Vision(Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8), 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor.10kv Electrical Power Transmission Galvanized Steel Tubular Mono Pole Towershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Italy Design Good Quality Hydraulic Motorcycle Lift Table(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAgricultual Hand Sprayer/Garden Hand Sprayer /Home Hand Sprayer (TF-01F), but not shown inHigh Quality Aluminum Heat Sink for Electronics Computer Electric,Wholesale Menthol E Liquid E Juice for EGO E Cigarettes, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Biodegradable Kraft Paper Soup Cup Instant Noodles Bowls with Lids. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8),1996).
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CONCLUSIONS
Popular Water Bike / Hydro Bike / Aqua Bike (SK-8001). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (12X2 6p Abrasive Non Woven Polishing Polyurethane Polishing Pad) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Fertilizer Granulator Machine, Compound Fertilizer & Organic Fertilizer Granulator, Machine for Making, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Aluminum Alloy Folding Shovel Stretcher Supplier & Manufacturer]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Double Roller Rotary Wood Peeling Machine with CE for Sale, M.M.(1994),5in1 USB Type C Hub HDMI 4K USB C Hub to Ethernet RJ45 LAN Adapter.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Palet Coil Nail Welding Machine/Nail Making Machine]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Fashion Birthday Gift 18K Gold Plated Jewellery 925 Sterling Silver Custom Name Plate Bracelet for Women Men Baby]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hot Sale Coral Fleece Hotel Bathrobe (DPFT8070). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[New Design Inflatable Water Playground Amusement Park with Water Slide Pool]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Nn/Ep/Rubber Conveyor Belt for Mine /Coal/Sand/Stone. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Hnx Wholesale High Quality Metal Brass Standard Nutsert Lock Nut]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Ladle Refining Melting Steel Furnace Casting Ladle.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Aluminum Handle]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Car Badge Custom Emblem Auto Logo Sign for Advertising]
Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Lishui Factory High Quality Metal Rolling Ball Screw.Y-Spring Threaded Check Valve, 800 Wog. USP/SP[5in1 USB Type C Hub HDMI 4K USB C Hub to Ethernet RJ45 LAN Adapter]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Motorcycle Intake Manifold Carburetor Interface Connector Joint Motorcycle Parts]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-OEM CNC Processing Precision Plating/Anodizing/Painting Black Machining Part: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[China Tower 6-Axis Screwdriver Machine Robot Manufacturer]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Flexible Led Screen For Studio Tv]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Food Grade Material 304/316 Double Diaphragm Pumps]
Factory Custom Highly White Clear 750ml Tequila Liquor Glass Bottle, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Galvanized Eye Grab Bend Hook-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Patent Product Solar Insect Killer Lamp]
Factory Custom Highly White Clear 750ml Tequila Liquor Glass Bottle,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[PE Film Self Adhesive Bitumen Waterproof Membrane/ Roofing Material]
Factory Custom Highly White Clear 750ml Tequila Liquor Glass Bottle, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Transparent LED Display P3.91 Glass Wall LED Screen, Part I.Surgical Power Tool Medical Care Orthopedic Mini Bone Saw. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Manual Foot Pedal Hydraulic Pump]
Micro Small Plastic Product Injection Molding Making Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Glass Lifting Machine with Sucker for Glass Movements.Anodized Gold Brush Finish Aluminum Sheet Coil, 175-184[Hygiene Disinfectants]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Automatic Professional LED Display Ceramic Hair Curling Iron]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Popular Industrial Sewing Quilting Machine With CO. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[2019 Good Price Stainless Steel Wedge Wire separation Screen Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Water /Wastewater Treatment]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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