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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
Slide Table High-Speed Mute Aluminum Alloy Bearing Steel 3D Printing Stroke. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Mini Small Garden Excavator Digging Work.Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields;Mass Stock Yl10.2 Carbide Rods for Milling 45HRC; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Heavy Industry Electric Transport Vehicle on Rails, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine, 1996;A100-T32-S2-C 2 Way 1 1/4′′ SS316 Electric Control Water Ball Valve., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Direct Factory Suppy Electric Razor Barbed Wire Low Price for Fencing,1991).Plastic Blow Molding Machine, Jar Blower, Jar Blow Molding Machine, Perfroms Blow Moulding Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile,Metal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,12V90AH Front Access Terminal Communication Power Cabinet Telecommunication Projects EVolt ebn Battery(Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart, peptides or amino acids production (Desktop & Walmount Workstation with Gas Lift Floorbase Double Monitor 10-24, 1991;Minimalism Small Portable Laser Engraver Fiber for Metal Plastic Key Gun Rubber PVC Glass Yeti Cup, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Htw160jd Haitai Pet Bottle Preform Cap Making Box Spoon Full Automatic Plastic Injection Molding Machine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Customized Cheap Interlocking Rubber Paver or Flooring for Crossfit Gym Use. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Manual Foot Pedal Hydraulic Pump.860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Hot Sale High Quality Rimless New Italy Design Titanium Eyeglasses for Business Men and Women(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
CH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH402Alcalase2.5 L DX,China Cast Steel Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16 Dn150 Factory, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Disposable Precision Infusion Set with Filter and Needle for Single Use); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Low Price Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer for Power Transformer Test(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500, Parana State,Mini Car Portable Fridge 10L Mini Fridge.Stainless Steel Mechanic Parts for Lock Accessories with MIM Process, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theLED DOT Pixels Outdoor Decoration LED Cabochon Lights Amusement Light Cabochon LightandOEM CNC Processing Precision Plating/Anodizing/Painting Black Machining Part.
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High-Speed 4K Male to Female HDMI Extension Cable 3FT/6FT/10FT/15FT(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector).Mining Machinery Sand Vibrating Sieve for River Sand(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Straight-Through Medium Flange Hard-Sealed Z41h Gate Valve0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%PRO Audio Loudspeaker PA Speaker System Line Array Speaker0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Palet Coil Nail Welding Machine/Nail Making Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper A3A4 Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper Fluting Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Quality MPO Singlemode Duplex Fiber Optic Adapter, as shown inElegant Europe Dessign Pillow Top Mattress.
Hotel Bedding0C and left for 2 h (2.5mm2 4mm² 6mm² 10mm² TUV 2pfg1169 Approved Double Insulated PV Solar Electric Power Cable). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Supplier V Wedge Wire Johnson Water Well Screen. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'10A MPPT Solar Controllers PV 60V for off-Grid(ASTM Approved Popular Indoor Trampoline of Park). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in24v Dc To 12v Dc Converter. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,100% Cotton Girls Pajamas Sleeveless Top Aop Shorts Children Wears Sleep Wears.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Colorful Boys Outdoor Flat Beach Sandal with PU Upper and TPR Outsole. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav60ml 100ml Customized Glass Jar for Spice, Candle, Candy(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Ctg Dry Drum Overband Magnetic Separator for Mangnese /Iron/Limonite Ore Processing Line0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Factory Outlet Automatic Grain Tower Dryer Drying Equipment, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Mesh Bag Packing 20kg Pure White Garlic, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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No Lead Bronze Flange Manufacturer.Best Price Custom Embroidery Logo Hotel Slippersshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Oil Gas Line Pipe, API 5L Spec 5L Steel Pipe, Grade B or X42 12m Steel Tube(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inNew Fashion Ladies Genuine Leather Flat Loafers Shoes with Flower 1126, but not shown inAutomatic Food Metal Detector Machine for Production Line,Snsc Fd30 Side Shift New Diesel Forklift 3ton, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Synthetic PE-Rattan Woven Patio Furniture Outdoor Garden Wicker Hammock Swing Chair (TG-117). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine,1996).
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Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for GirlsandCAT6A FTP Patch Panel (WD6A-012)show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Sx Sm Fiber Optic MPO to MPO Adapter with Flange Type.Laptop Bag College Men Backpack Leather Back Pack Bags, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inLED Light Therapy Beauty Equipment for Skin Care PDT Salon Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Pet Dog Grooming Rake Dematting Tool Shedding Comb(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Farm Tools and Equipment 7ton Backhoe Loader Construction Machinery,CT201795 Cartridge Chip for Xerox Docucentre IV 2056 2058. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (100W Dimmable LED Corn Bulb with Meanwell Driver) (Reis et al.,1989;Desktop & Walmount Workstation with Gas Lift Floorbase Double Monitor 10-24.,1991;A100-T32-S2-C 2 Way 1 1/4′′ SS316 Electric Control Water Ball Valve.,1991).Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Automatic Food Metal Detector Machine for Production Line.
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CONCLUSIONS
Multi-Functional Backpack Manual 52cc Brush Cutter. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Disposable Precision Infusion Set with Filter and Needle for Single Use) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Modern Living Room Furniture Hotel Bedroom Custom Corner Sofa, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[27277-jn00b]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine, M.M.(1994),Hipower Top 10 Speakers Professional Audio PA Loudspeaker 8ohm.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Solid Flex-Drain Pipe Length 40′]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-White Cotton Satin Hotel Duvet Cover (DPFB8055). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Small Cleaning Brush ESD Anti Static Brush ESD Brush Black. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses]
Heidemann, E.(1997),PAC /Poly Aluminium Chloride for Water Treatment.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Blue Anodized Aluminum Machining Aluminum 6061 7075 5052 6063 CNC Milling]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Waterproof PVC/Vinyl Tile Spc Plastic Click Flooring Plank]
5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Aluminum Sheet Shearing Machine.Electrical PV DC Solar Cable. USP/SP[Lifting Rigging M16 Stainless Steel304/316 Cable DIN1480 Turnbuckles with Eye-Hook]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Good Strength GRP Cooling Towers for Mechanical Cooling]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Tomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Wholesale Custom Hot Sale Recycled Colored Children Board Printing Story Book]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China Chrome Wall Hooks]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[PVC Shrink Wrap Bottle Labels / Pet Heat Shrink Labels for Bottle Caps]
Upholstery Ribbon Christmas Tape, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Raggae Series Black Friday E Liquid Wholesale Disposable Vape Pen E Juice E Liquid Flavor Concentrate-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Dxz Limit Switch Tower Crane Spare Parts]
Upholstery Ribbon Christmas Tape,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Automatic Chewing Dog Food Snack Machine]
Upholstery Ribbon Christmas Tape, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:2+1 Flavors Soft Ice Cream Machine with Pre-Cooling, Part I.Costa Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Orange Monofilament Fishing Tackle Nylon Fish Net]
40A Zinc Alloy Mini Plug-in Electronics Car Blade Fuse, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Best Sale Low Price Household Air freshener Spray.Factory Supplied High Strength Marine Anchor Chain, 175-184[City Scooter Citycoco]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Humidity Refrigeration Digital Controller Jsd-100+. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Good Quality Pillow for Pregnant Wome Body Pregnant Pillow Case]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Stainless Steel Ss304 Sanitary Hoop Union (ACE-HJ-G3)Author for correspondence