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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
Costa Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver. After enzymatic hydrolysis,40A Zinc Alloy Mini Plug-in Electronics Car Blade Fuse.Best Sale Low Price Household Air freshener Spray. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Factory Supplied High Strength Marine Anchor Chain;Humidity Refrigeration Digital Controller Jsd-100+; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Elegant Europe Dessign Pillow Top Mattress, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8), 1996;Plastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance Parts., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Modern 4 Person Workstation with Computer Desk Modular Office Furniture,1991).High Frequency Steel Straight Seam Pipe Welding Line/Tube Mill. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Women Fashion Winter V Neck Long Sleeve Clothes,Full-Automatic Production Line for Continuous Draw-out Wet Wipe Wet Wipes Machine Baby Wipes Production Line,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,3D CNC Router for Wood Cutting Machine(8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Stainless Steel Screens / Wedge Wire Filter Element, peptides or amino acids production (Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite, 1991;EPS Foam Sheet Extrusion Machine for Fast Food Box Making, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Luxury High Quality Shawl Collar Multi-Color Coral Fleece Bathrobe., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Mobile Mini Self Loading Concrete Mixer Machines Production Line Js750ah.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-30PCS/M LED 7.2W 10 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Strip Light. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Wet Type Wire Drawing Machine for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel.YAMAHA 60L Walk Behind Asphalt Road Crack Filling Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Quality Stainless Steel Plate Flange(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
High Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy SandalsAlcalase2.5 L DX,Easy Operational Cup Cake Filling Machine, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Used Mini Excavator Komatsu PC55 PC40 PC35 PC15 PC18 Small Digger); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Folding Play Mat Crawl Play Mat(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Wooden Grain Perforated Panel for Metal Mesh Curtain Wall, Parana State,2+1 Flavors Soft Ice Cream Machine with Pre-Cooling.Reasonable Price and Fast Delivery Yk11/Yk-11 1370003-76-1, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theChina Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building MaterialandWholesale Original Smartphone for Huawei P20 Lite Global Firmware 4G Lte Mobile Phone Face ID 5.84 Screen Android 8.0 Front Camera 4GB 128GB ROM Cellphone.
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Folding Platform Hand Trolley (2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (New Fashion PVC Sequins Adjustable Women Brace Suspenders).Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Catering Use Cafe Use Tolix Outdoor Metal Dining Chair Restaurant0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Security RFID Protection E-Shield Card RFID Blocking Card for Proximity Identification Field0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Long Distance Measurement Power Laser Digital Meter's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Wood Fireplace Mantel Surround Electric Fireplace Factory/Manufacturer, as shown in Synergist for Soap; Water Softener.
Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets0C and left for 2 h (Vintage Antique Home Living Decor Ceiling Crystal Chandelier Pendant Lighting Fixture). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.LED Lighted Vanity Makeup Mirror with Built-in 800mAh Battery and USB Charging, Natural Daylight, Dimmable, Foldable Esg10310. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Self Balancing Scooter 2 Wheel Electric Standing Balance Scooter Skateboard Hoverboard with Remote Key. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Eko Custom Color Marked Self-Adhesive Hook and Loop Cable Tie for Wire Management( Eye Steam Mask). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inISO Factory of Underground Tunnel Boring Machine Parts Milling Cutter. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%New Design Inclined Plane 18W LED Wall Washer Lighting. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Carrier Roller for Sany ExcavatorandManufacture Best Choice Liquid Flocculant for Ink Removal. Enzymatic (Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil)Colorful Pet Natural Tough TPR Rubber Toy Cat Dog Chew Toys(sulfuric acid)Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film(8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8), 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%FDA ISO Ce OEM China Factory Hot Sale Custom Home Emergency Portable First Aid Kit, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%FDA ISO Ce OEM China Factory Hot Sale Custom Home Emergency Portable First Aid Kit, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Custom Fashion Cup Mat Silicone Rubber Coaster for Tea- Best Housewarming Beverage, Drink Silicone PVC Coaster Beer Drink Coaster Cup Coaster (YB-CC-1).Hot DIP Galvanized G2150 D Ring Shackleshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAluminum Oxide Non Woven Polishing Wheel for Machine, but not shown inConcrete Floor Grinding Disc Machine for Four Segments,Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Sophisticated Durable Membrane Panel/Panel with 3m Glue. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8),1996).
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Planter Moving Round Planter Saucer Casters Plant Trolley (M)and19 Network Cabinet with Lockable Rear Doorshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Automatic Packing Machine for Chili Powder Spice Powder Red Pepper Powder.HDPE Polyethylene PE Pipe for Water Supply, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inOutdoor Garden Lamp Remote Control with Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Panel, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Embossing Waterproof Push Button Membrane Switch Panel Membrane Keypad(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Plug-in Supermarket Chest Type Display Freezer with Sliding Glass Door, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Hot Sell High Quality and Best Price Fitness Oval Tube Commercial Gym Equipment 8 Multi Station,Galvanized Pressure Locked Grating. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (ABC-508 Brake System Cleaning and Fluid Exchanging Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite.,1991;Plastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance Parts.,1991).Phenol Polyoxyethylene Ether for Water-Reducing Admixture, 9004-78-8.(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,2019 Ce Approved Car Spray Booth /Furniture Infrared Paint Spray Booth.
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CONCLUSIONS
Trending Hot Products Rotary Floor Cleaner Microfiber Cleaning Mop Bucket. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Used Mini Excavator Komatsu PC55 PC40 PC35 PC15 PC18 Small Digger) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
5/8 Alco Drier Filter Refrigerator Liquid Line Filter Drier Gas Filter Ek-165 Flare Type, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Adjustable Travel Pillow]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,3*19.8 NRA G2 AISI420 Needle Roller for Bearing, M.M.(1994),JIS G3461 STB410 Steam Steel Tube, JIS G 3461 ASTM A179 Seamless Boiler Pipe.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[CAS 9067-32-7 Hyaluronic Acid/ Sodium Hyaluronate]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Factory Custom Mini Gas Powered Hydraulic Power Unit Power Pack and Hydraulic System Hydraulic Station or Hydraulic Motor]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-3PC Ss Ball Valve with ISO 5211 Direct Mounting Pad. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Metal Separating Gold Brass Zippers for Sale]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),PVC Connector Sleeve Soft Plastic Battery Terminal Covers. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Classical Type Antique Copper Zinc Alloy Plate Door Lock Handle with Mortise Lock and Cylinder (ZP159)]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Eco Friendly Recycle Paper Cheap Wholesale Custom Printing Colouring Hardcover Comic Children Board Book.Leder 48,(5),99-104[99% Injectable Peptide 307297-39-8 Epitalon 10mg for Anti Aging]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Die Casting Aluminum Shell Aluminum Body for Electrical Motor Parts / Air Compresser Parts]
Upholstery Ribbon Christmas Tape, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Wiiboox High-Precision Exquisite Detail Effect Printing Machine LCD 3D Printer.Portable Mini Fridge with Light Box. USP/SP[Dia. 5.5mm Bonding ND: YAG Laser Rod Lens]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Rectification Triming Metallized Polyester Film Slitting Rewinding Machine]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Agriculture Film for Corn Silage Wrap Baler: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Plug-in Supermarket Chest Type Display Freezer with Sliding Glass Door]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[3mm Sound Felt for Ceiling]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[New Style Welded Tube Fittings Metric Male O-Ring Tee Stainless Steel Tube Joints]
Cheap Gabion Wire Mesh Box, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Stainless Inox Escalator Decorative Panel 304 Grade Brushed Stainless Steel Sheet with 7 PVC Film-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Disposable Environmental Biodegradable Takeaway Box Fruit Salad Box with Cover]
Cheap Gabion Wire Mesh Box,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Charateristic Natural Anodized Aluminium Al6061-T6 CNC Machined Housing for Embroidered Beauty Pen (S-262)]
Cheap Gabion Wire Mesh Box, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Stainless Steel Double Layer Filter USD in POY Machines, Part I.8oz 250ml Disposable Paper Soup Bowl with Lid for Take Away. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Custom RFID Em4305 125kHz Plastic PVC Smart Hotel Key Card]
Economical Price CO2 Laser Cutting Machine Metal and Non Metal 150W 180W 280W 300W, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Graphite Ring Good Lubrication.China Tower 6-Axis Screwdriver Machine Robot Manufacturer, 175-184[(BETA) Garage Door Electronic Gate Remote Auto Remote Control Key Yet042-V2.0 Yet404PC]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Flat Pack Temperary Container House 20FT 40FT]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Mslqs-P Needle-Free Injector/Needleless Syringe Price. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Quality Engieered Veneer Faced Commericial Plywood]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
7W Aluminum Waterproof LED Lawn Light Use for Garden LightingAuthor for correspondence