ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Metal Galvanized Wave Form Perforated Steel Strips. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Melamine Wooden Like Plate/Bamboo Plate/ Dinner Plate (NK13811-12).Jqx62f Nc 100A 220VAC Coil Voltage Electromagnetic High Power Relay. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Bluetooth Sports Watch 116plus Smart Bracelet Incoming Call Pedometer Heart Rate Monitor Blood Pressure Sleep Monitoring, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (48V25A Lead Acid Battery Maintenance Pulse Charger, 1996;15mm Best Price Commercial Grade Birch Plywood for Furniture., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Top Great Wallet Genuine Leather Purse with Coin Pocket,1991).Good Price 20kVA Single Phase Silent Diesel Generator. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Electric Hydraulic Three-Station Bus Bar Cutting Punching Bending Machine for Copper Processing,Super Precision PTFE/Teflon/Peek/Upe Spring Energized Seals,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Factory Supply Decorative Plastic PVC Vinyl Siding Panels for Exterior Walls(48V25A Lead Acid Battery Maintenance Pulse Charger, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Laser Cutting Parts Custom Metal Parts Aluminum CNC Machining Service, peptides or amino acids production (Xsg Series High-Speed Rotating Dryer Putty Powder Special Dryer, 1991;Wholesale Colorful Party Favor Straight Biodegradable Food Grade Paper Drinking Straw for Cocktail, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Quality Grade Carton Box Case Forming Machine, Box Erector, Box Sealing Packing Taping Strapping Machine., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Stainless Steel Clarifier Tank for Water Treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Carrier Roller for Sany Excavator. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (48V25A Lead Acid Battery Maintenance Pulse Charger, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰LSAW Pipes, API 5L Psl2/X65, X70, X42/DRL, Carbon Steel Pipes, Pipeline, API 5L Psl2/ Steel Pipes, Longitudinal Steel Pipeline, Welded Steel Pipes.Professional Hot Selling Full Automatic Artificial Nutritional Rice Making Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Sand Casting Aluminum Die Casting and Gravity Casting Aluminum Alloy Parts Auto Engine Spare Parts(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Export Quality Flavor Fresh Ramen Mixed Noodle with Turkey Sauce, Parana State,Promotional Plastic Laminated Custom Shopping PP Woven Bag.Dry Air Generator GF Series, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (48V25A Lead Acid Battery Maintenance Pulse Charger, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHome and Hospital Electric Patient LiftandExport Quality Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle.

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Modern Artificial Stone Bathroom Cabinet Sink Resin Basin for Bathroom Furniture(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price).Advanced Unlocking Tool for Locksmith(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Screen Printing Materials and Equipments Screen Printing Frames⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%China Supplier Hard Ware Fittings Gas Spring for Tool Box⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Caustic Soda Pearl/ Prills/ Beads 99% with Good Quality and Best Price. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Breathable PU Coated Ripstop Taffeta 190t Polyester Fabric with Printed's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)New Style Wallet Velvet Dust Pouch Custom Velvet Pouch Bag for High End Men′s Wallet, as shown inHigh Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%.

Original Cummins Genuine Auto Diesel Engine Assemblies Cylinder Block 3928797 for Nta855⁰C and left for 2 h (Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.CAS 55268741 Factory Supply Veterinary API UPS Praziquantel 99%Tc. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Sinicline Custom 3D Effect Semi-Automatic Slider Metal Zipper Pull. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Fashion Logo Custom Red Merrowed Border Embroidery Twill Stitch Iron on Patches(Wholesale Custom Mens Heated Down Jacket). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in3-Inches Solar Powered Water Pumping System. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,AISI 201/202/301/304 Stainless Steel Welded Square Pipe.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Double-Screw Microwave Drying/Baking for Seafood Dewatering Device for Sale with Ce. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avBodybuilding Sr9009 Oral Anabolic Sarms White Powder for Weight Loss(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.PVC/Pet/OPS Shrink Sleeve Used for Plastic and Glass Bottle⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Solar Power Outdoor Garden Path Yard Ball Light Lamp Lawn Road, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Speed Copper Wire Braiding Making Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Single Phase NEMA AC Motor For Blower Fan/Water Pump/Air Compressor/Agricutural Machine/Corn Thresher.Food Grade Transparent Cookie Airtight Plastic Container Jarsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Stamping Parts OEM Gold Plated Copper Piece Copper Terminal for Battery Clip(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inStainless Steel Screens / Wedge Wire Filter Element, but not shown inFlow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine,150kg Per Hour Frozen French Fries Production Line, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Automatic Professional LED Display Ceramic Hair Curling Iron. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (48V25A Lead Acid Battery Maintenance Pulse Charger,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Plastic Microwave Lunch Container/ Lunch Box Plastic/ PP Food Storage. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (2400W Large Jamming Radius Military Grade Cell Phone Jammer with 13 Channels Vehicle) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Full-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Brass Threaded Insert Nut Connector]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Oring O-Ring All Kinds of Rubber Material NBR Nr EPDM Rubber Product, M.M.(1994),Hot Forming Pushing Elbow Making Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Banded Type Tee Used on Oil]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Cheap Bent 6mm 8mm 10mm 12mm Clear Curved Tempered Glass for Construction Building]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-13 Inch Pneumatic Rubber Wheel Bicycle Wheel with Plastic Rim for Kids Balance Bike. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Pet Anti-Static Needled Mat]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Professional Inkjet Printer Ultrasonic Printhead Cleaning Machine for Epson Dx5 Dx7 Seiko 510 Konica 512 Polaris Xaar Spectra UV/Solvent Print Head Cleaner. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Black Small Fridge for Showcase]

Heidemann, E.(1997),As568 Standard Brown FKM Rubber O Ring for Sealing.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Ss 316L Pneumatic Angle Seat Valve for Sanitary Process]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Tall/Large Cube Glass Terrarium Planter Gift Card Holder]

500 Tons Hydraulic Power Double Action Press with Cushion, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),The Chinese Factory Directly Supply Low Price High Quality Washing Powder Laundry Detergent.Hot Sale Beautiful RFID NFC Ntag213 Epoxy Card. USP/SP[200W UFO LED High Bay Light Fixture for Interior Exterior Applications]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Music Equipment Flight Case/Aluminum Flight Case Hardware/Guitar Effect Pedals Flight Case]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-200W UFO LED High Bay Light Fixture for Interior Exterior Applications: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Beverage Cooling Cube Ice Making/Ice Maker Machinery]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.chinappwovenbags.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps]

China OEM Manufacturers Supply 8 Person Golf Cart (DG-C6+2), M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),13.4L 22.4L Inflatable Helium Tank Disposable Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Magic Hair Twist   Curl Sponge Brush]

China OEM Manufacturers Supply 8 Person Golf Cart (DG-C6+2),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Concrete Pump Sponge Cleaning Ball for Concrete Pump Truck]

China OEM Manufacturers Supply 8 Person Golf Cart (DG-C6+2), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Bathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels, Part I.Mushroom Head Stud Sert. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Small Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter]

Customized Wholesale Hot Sale Cotton/Polyester Streetwear Pullover Long Sleeve Crop Hoodies for Women, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket.High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear, 175-184[Blue Ceramic Mug High Quality Supplier]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid Valve]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),G08p22 Newly Design Hanging Wheel 304 Stainless Steel Sliding Glass Frameless Shower Screen. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Black Red Open Net Spandex Nylon Sexy Lingerie]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

High Precision Machining Auto Parts Metal ContactAuthor for correspondence