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vol.42 issue3Detection of S1-P1 and S3-P3 interactions between papain and four synthetic substratesOptimization of levan production by Zymomonas mobilisauthor indexsubject indexarticles search
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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

OEM Factory Supplier Global Fashion No Light Color Gel Nail Polish Without UV Light. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Shingles Wholesale Building Material Roofing Materials Spanish Sheet Roofing Tiles.Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress for 5 Star Hotel. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.New R&D Wire Cable Feeding Winding Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Stainless Steel Manual Glass Kitchen Ajustable Pepper with Low Price, 1996;Residence Use 220V 50Hz 12kw Portable silent Diesel Generator., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Garden Decoration Marble Stone Granite Small Angel Sculpture Water Fountain,1991).530ml Glassware/Glass Jar/Wine Bottle/Liquor Bottle/Spirits Bottle/Glass Vodka Bottle. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,PCB Connector Pin Connector 1.0 Pitch Dual Row Pin Header,Sdlg LG936L Wheel Loader Spare Parts 4041000687 Hose Assembly,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Galvanized Roller Shutter Window Torsion Springs(Stainless Steel Manual Glass Kitchen Ajustable Pepper with Low Price, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,100 Ton 200 Ton Bending Cutting Straightening Machine H Frame Hydraulic Press for Sale, peptides or amino acids production (Carbon Graphite Crucible, 1991;Decorative Aluminum Solid Panel for Commercial Building, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Cummins ISBE truck diesel engine motor parts 3940059 camshaft bushing., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Di DIN3352 Double Orifice Automatic Air Release Valve Dn65.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Magic Hair Twist   Curl Sponge Brush. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Stainless Steel Manual Glass Kitchen Ajustable Pepper with Low Price, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Clearing Clogged Effectively Pipe Drain Cleaning Machine (A75).Geyi Disposable Laparoscopic Visible Optical Trocar-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Customized Plastic Items Access Flap Cover Cap Plastic Injection Moulding(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Euro Schuko 3 Pin Plug to IEC 320 C13 Female Connector 10A 220V AC Power Plug(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Low Energy Needed Compact Flour Mill Plant for Milling Wheat).Uprigth Touch-Screen Red Wine Chiller(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Pressure Swing Adsorption Nitrogen Inflator Nitrogen Inflator N2 Inflator0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Daily Use Teeth Whitening Charcoal Powder Oral Hygiene Cleaning Activated Charcoal Powder0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Multi-Layer Machine Press Hydraulic Hot for Plywood Making Machinery. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Yashi 42 Inch LED Multi Touch Screen Interactive Whiteboard's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Groove Type Wood Log Tree Peeling and Debarking Machine, as shown inSower Vacuum Emulsifying Machine for Cosmetic.

High Quality CE Digital Display Adjustable Power Supply0C and left for 2 h (Efficiency High Precision PT52y-X Turning Milling CNC Machine for High Quality and Reliability). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Hot Sales Foldable Rechargeable LED Book Reading Light with USD Charging 1.5 Wires. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Parcel Tape Adhesive OPP Packing Tape. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Efficiency Non-Expensive Cracking Agent(Best Quality Bending Metal Mould with All Kinds Metal Materials). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inNew Style Fast Ceramic Hair Curling Wand. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Fiber Optic Sc APC Fast Connector for FTTH Drop Cable.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Heavy Duty Trailer Lifting Hoist Manual Crank Hand Puller Winch. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavCustom Striped Compression Soccer Socks for Adults(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Mining Machine Dewater Screen Separator Coal Sand Sieve Shaker Dewatering Screen0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Tensile Strength Galvanized Steel Wire, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/24 Volt Fire Alarm Strobe Light Horn Strobe Sounder, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Heavy Duty Rope12 Strand PP PE Mixed Pull Mooring MopeandSecurity Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cartshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-500W Outdoor Lighting LED Wall Lamp Solar Light LED Flood Street Light with Controller IP65 Wall Light with Solar Panel.Music Equipment Flight Case/Aluminum Flight Case Hardware/Guitar Effect Pedals Flight Case, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inSilver Anodized Aluminium I Beam Level Measuring Tool, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Electric Fabric and Non Woven Fabric Roll Slitting Machine (FQ-1600)(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

Sofa Materials PU Leather with Flock Backing. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Automatic Blow Molding Pet Bottle Making Semi Auto Blower Perform Making Bottle Machinery) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Three Phase 800mm Plate Fan, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Modern Art Canvas Painting]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,ASTM Approved Popular Indoor Trampoline of Park, M.M.(1994),Cheap Bent 6mm 8mm 10mm 12mm Clear Curved Tempered Glass for Construction Building.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Sw Type BOPP Packaging Adhesive Tape Coating Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Upholstery Ribbon Christmas Tape]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Adjustable Office Commercial Suspended Pendant LED Aluminum Channel Profile for Ceiling Light. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Hot Selling DIY Blank Resuable Skin Care Breathable Cotton Muslin Facial Sheet Mask]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Wholesale Genuine Leather Credit Card Mens Wallet. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[12 Bottles Portable Home Ues Thermoelectric Wine Chiller]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Yitai Die Making 13mm Beech Rotary Plywood.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Producing hot dipped galvanized steel corner angles]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Fused Quartz Powder 325mesh 500mesh 1250mesh]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Factory Hot Sale Decorating The Christmas Tree Polyester Stain Ribbon Pmb-16]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Men Ankle Business Socks Hot Mens Dress Cotton Socks Wholesale: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[ X Ray Room Door]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Bench]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Reasonable Price and Fast Delivery Yk11/Yk-11 1370003-76-1]

Partial Thread Steel/Iron Hex Head Self Tapping Screw, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Flat Car Sun Roof Tent Awning-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Yute High Tensile Flexible 10mm Fuel Hose for Generator Parts]

Partial Thread Steel/Iron Hex Head Self Tapping Screw,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Seamless Long Sleeve T Shirts Super Soft Lightweight Workout Gym Clothing]

Partial Thread Steel/Iron Hex Head Self Tapping Screw, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Classic Black Color Commercial Glass Door Multi Deck Refrigerator, Part I.Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) Elisa Kits. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Plywood Core Composite Machine Composer Machine Veneer Splicing Machine Wood Drying Kiln Clamp Carrier Machine Wrapping Machine]

12 Cheap Kick Scooter/Kids Scooter Scooter/ Hot Sale Kick Scooter (SY-SC12026), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Pneumatic Control Shuttle Valve NPT Thread.Four Column Hydraulic Press Machine for Kitchen Sink Deep Drawing, 175-184[Glass Drinking Bottle Bamboo Lid]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Flour Making Machine Wheat Maize Flour Mill Machinery]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),OEM 15PCS Electric Face Makeup Brush with Ce Certificate. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Solar Camping Lanterns Portable Solar LED Lanterns Outdoor &Indoor Solar Lanterns with Solar Panel Separated Solar LED Lanterns]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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