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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT
Laundry Used Gas Water Heater with CE/Asme Certificate. After enzymatic hydrolysis,15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp.2019 Hot Sales Comfortable Mesh Chair Computer Staff Chair Ow-J219b. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon;Hnx Wholesale High Quality Metal Brass Standard Nutsert Lock Nut; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh/Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light, 1996;Home Furniture Set Restaurant King Throne Wedding Banquet Dining Chair., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (What′s Kind of Machine for Making Organic Fertilizer Granules,1991).Gsjl 91/1 Multibar Computerized Jacquard Warp Knitting Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Home and Hospital Electric Patient Lift,Coloured Glaze Material and 1000mm Length 333mm Width Fish Scale Asphalt Roofing Shingles,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,M4 Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump Various Good Quality(24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Motorcycle Intake Manifold Carburetor Interface Connector Joint Motorcycle Parts, peptides or amino acids production (DC 12V Power Relay for Smart House, 1991;2019 Good Price Stainless Steel Wedge Wire separation Screen Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Water /Wastewater Treatment, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Medical Human Body Thermometer., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Patent Product Solar Insect Killer Lamp, Made in Goldsun, China..
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Greenhouse Fixing Film Profile Lock Channel and Spring Wire. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 1030W Fiber Laser Marking Machine Deaktop Laser Printer for Plastic Bottle /Aluminium Product/Metallic Products.Export Quality Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:RP/HP/UHP Electrode Scrap Powder Graphite Electrode Price for Arc(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Glass Cutting Table/CNC Glass Cutting Machine, Parana State,Hermetic Sliding Lead Door, X Ray Room Door.12 Bottles Portable Home Ues Thermoelectric Wine Chiller, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHot Sales Csutomized Printed Shipping Address Sticker Label (JP-s041)andHigh Quality Cheaper Sea Water Magnetic Flow Meter Flange Type.
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Ss 304 316L Sintered Ss Filter Sinter Stainless Steel Mesh Filter for Liquid Diesel Oil Treatment Filter(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Commercial Use Click Lock Standard Spc Vinyl Plank Flooring).Portable Mini USB Charging Flashlight 10W T6 LED Flashlight (SYSG-190321)(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Brushed Cotton Twill Fine 3D Embroidery Custom Baseball Cap0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Robotic Fastening Tool/Desktop 4-Axis Screw Fastening Robot /Instead of Manual Fastening0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Black Plastic Drain Pipe Underground Direct Factory Price HDPE Pipe for Water Supply Large Diameter Plastic Pipe's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Stainless Steel Coil Heat Exchanger Industrial Water Cooler Stainless Steel Heat Exchanger, as shown inFeelderma High Quality Acido Hialuronico Dermal Face Filler 2ml Smile Lines Dermal Lip Filler.
Stainless Steel SS304 SS316L Sanitary Hygienic Air Vent Valve0C and left for 2 h (Aluminum Adjustable Quick Assemble Stage with Steps). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Q35y-30 Ironworker Shearing and Punching Machine Ce Approved Q35y Hydraulic Iron. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Shenzhen Yizexin Numeric Keyboard Conductive Ink Membrane Switch. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High-Tenacity Conveyor Belt/ Steel Cord Conveyor Belt(Industrial Control Housing with Plate Shape (XD-CC04)). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in4K Digital Samrt Board Touch Monitor LCD Touch Screen Touch Display Interactive Whiteboard. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Hanwha SMT Chip Shooter LED Pick and Place Machine.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%ACP Aluminium Cmposite Panel Cladding Extrusions. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavNew Model Hydraulic Energy-Saving Disposable Paper Plates/Tray/Coaster Forming Making Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Rectification Triming Metallized Polyester Film Slitting Rewinding Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Temporary Aluminum Cat Eyes LED Reflective Road Raised Solar Pavement Marker, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/New Swim Shorts Grey Mens Board Shorts with Mesh Liner, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
DIN914andMultifunction CNC Woodworking Machine with 1300*2450*200mm Working Area, 9kw Air Cooling Spindle, Nc Studio Control. Enzymatic (Small Potato Harvest Machine/Sweet Potato Harvesting Equipment /Batata/Spanish Potato Harvester (factory selling customization))Stucco Embossed Aluminium Cladding Polysurlyn 3003 H14 Sheet in Coil(sulfuric acid)Marine Mooring Hardware, Anchor Chain(24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Cast Iron Fajita Sizzle BSCI LFGB FDA Approved, with Handle Vegetable Oil Nonstick.Car Air Conditional Compressor Magetic Clutch 5pkshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.QJ-M Moving small manual brick making machine with low cost(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in45*60cm Anti-Fatigue ESD Rubber Floor Mat, but not shown inColorful Pet Natural Tough TPR Rubber Toy Cat Dog Chew Toys,Cheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable Device, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light,1996).
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15mm Best Price Commercial Grade Birch Plywood for FurnitureandGsjl 91/1 Multibar Computerized Jacquard Warp Knitting Machineshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose.Jqhsp-50*12 Trawl Winch with Automatical Spooling Double Braking, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inTire Rubber Powder Recycling Equipment for Sale Truck Tires Rubber Shredding Facility, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Fashion Metal Button Crystal Shank Button for Garment(Condell et al.,1993) .
201 301 304 Embossed Checkered Plate Stainless Steel Coil/Sheet
Small Size Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Miniature Ball Bearing (616), Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.10W IP65 Dimmable Recessed Press Steel Fire Rated LED COB Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fire Rated Down Light,Industrial Laundry Ozone Generator for Jeans, Linen and Gray Cloth Bleaching. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (ASTM A240 309s Stainless Steel Sheet) (Reis et al.,1989;DC 12V Power Relay for Smart House.,1991;Home Furniture Set Restaurant King Throne Wedding Banquet Dining Chair.,1991).ABC-508 Brake System Cleaning and Fluid Exchanging Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Polypropylene Woven Bag for Sludge Dewatering.
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CONCLUSIONS
China Prefab Low Cost Industrial Steel Structure Metal Storage Shed for Sale. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Strong Motor Permanent Neodymium Rare Earth Bar Magnet N52) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
High Waist Legging Sports Bra Set Custom Fitness Yoga Wear Women Athletic Wear Set Gym Clothing, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Speaker Bluetooth Promotional]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate, M.M.(1994),Professional Factory Supply Design Cat Tree Pet Product.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Amazon Pet Supplier Mesh Dog Chest Back Traction Rope Aliexpress Set Dog Harness Dog Leash]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Agricultual Hand Sprayer/Garden Hand Sprayer /Home Hand Sprayer (TF-01F). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Peb Steel Structure Building Materials H-Section I Beam Steel. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Heavy Duty Trailer Lifting Hoist Manual Crank Hand Puller Winch]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Aluminum Oxide Non Woven Polishing Wheel for Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Transparent Long Eva Raincoat]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[DC Brushless Motor for CNC Machine with ISO9001]
5L, 8L, 10L, 20L, 50L, 100L Laboratory Cone Shape Dry Powder Mixer /Blending /Mixing /Blend /Blender Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),CAT6A FTP Patch Panel (WD6A-012).LED Light Therapy Beauty Equipment for Skin Care PDT Salon Machine. USP/SP[Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose HPMC Used in Tile Cement Adhesive Production]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper A3A4 Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper Fluting Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Famous Brand Hzs75 Modular Precast Quick Concrete Batching Plant: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Men Training Sportswear Collection Muscle T Shirt Function Vest Fitness Shirts Sport Tops Gym Activewear]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Aluminum Tube Filling and Sealing Machine]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Custom ABS&POM&PP&PC&Acrylic Plastic CNC Machining Turning Parts]
Famous Brand Luxury Packaging Box Gift Box, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Qualified Medical Grade Thin Wall Stainless Steel Tube-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Mini Small Garden Excavator Digging Work]
Famous Brand Luxury Packaging Box Gift Box,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[30PCS/M LED 7.2W 10 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Strip Light]
Famous Brand Luxury Packaging Box Gift Box, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:3D Stereoscopic Network Structure Cermamic Foam Filter for Alumina Foundry, Part I.High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum Wire. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Disposable Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Tube]
Structural Synthetic Fiber for Concrete, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),LPG Frying Machine Natural Gas Deep Fryer Diesels Continuous Fryer.Rubber Belt Auto Loading and Unloading Abrasive Blast Cleaning Equipment/Tumblast Shot Blast Machine, 175-184[Maker Injection Mold]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Automatic 200-800kg Butterfly Chicken Breast Meat Slicing Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Pneumatic Electric Manual Stainless Steel Sanitary Butterfly Valve]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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