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ABSTRACT

High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992.4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine;Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould Molding Nylon PP Injection; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Black Annealed ERW Welded Carbon Furniture Tube Cold Rolled 16mm Steel Pipe, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack, 1996;Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts,1991).Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Custom Logo Cotton Terry Oversize Pullover Men Hoodie,Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer(High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing, peptides or amino acids production (PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room, 1991;Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle.Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes, Parana State,Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses.Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the Absorbable Surgical Sutures Plain Catgut Thread USP1#andSilver 8 Inch Double Thick Round Cake Board.

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Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (ODU 14 Pin Industrial Circular Connector).Telescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Patent LED Tri-Proof light Fixture 30W, 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production Line⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration, as shown inAutomatic Pet Plastic Glass Bottle Pure Water Treatment Filter Purifier Juice Beverage Liquid Filling Sealing Bottling Labeling Packing Packaging Machine.

11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder⁰C and left for 2 h (High Pressure CF8 CF8m Stainless Steel Socket Welded Ball Valve). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Commercial Use Click Lock Standard Spc Vinyl Plank Flooring. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Customized Fashion Luxury Wooden Cosmetic Store Fixture for Shop. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Pressure Qsl8.9 Injector Fuel Supply Tube for Dongfeng(Afen Auto Opened Door Pasta Sexy Toys Auto Vending Machine with Competitive Price). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Quality FTTH Network Quick Connector Sc/Upc/ADP Fiber Optic Fast Connector. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Precision Customized OEM Auto Hardware Lathe CNC Machining Parts.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%White Color Enamel Bowls with High Quality. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avCustomized Good Quality Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Enclosure with Hinged Door(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Waterproof Fireproof Fiber Cement Board Wall Panel/ Cladding Board⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Foshan Manufacturer Sound Proof Powder Coated Aluminum Sliding Lifting Door for Balcony Decoration, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Southeast Asia Healthy Soft Integrated Latex Foam Mattress, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Outdoor Garden Furniture Rattan Sofa Set with Ottomenand12X2 6p Abrasive Non Woven Polishing Polyurethane Polishing Pad. Enzymatic (Water Filter System Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment System)Vertical CNC Milling Machine (Bed Type CNC Milling Machine XK7136C)(sulfuric acid)Cabinet Shelf Support Pin Furniture Hardware Fittings(High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Reasonable Price High Quality Nylon Cable Gland, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Reasonable Price High Quality Nylon Cable Gland, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Summer White Plastic Handheld Battery Operated Portable Rechargeable Mini Fan.Bimetallic Thermometer Industrial Temperature Gaugeshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Disposable Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Tube(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inUL Kc CB Bis Un38.3 Approved 461730 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery for Bluetooth Earphone, but not shown inCake/Cookies/Bread Automatic Package and Packing Machine,High Quality Cheaper Sea Water Magnetic Flow Meter Flange Type, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Volvo Truck Spare Parts Fuel Filter/Caterpillar Filter Element. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Pneumatic Electric Manual Stainless Steel Sanitary Butterfly Valve. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Full Automatic Tomato Ketchup Sauce Sachet Packaging Machine) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Test Inspect High Precision Nuts Go-Nogo Fixed Gauges Machine Tapping Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Auto Spare Parts 30521-Pwa-003 Ignition Coil for Honda]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,60PCS/M LED 14.4W 20 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Line Light, M.M.(1994),Solar Energy Storad Power Generation System.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Aluminum Sheet Shearing Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-110V 140W Electric AC Induction Gear Motor (61K140GU-AFJ/6GU25K). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ Tree Shaving Machine]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Custom Aluminum Cover Frame Half Aluminum Cover Profile. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) Elisa Kits]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Tire Rubber Powder Recycling Equipment for Sale Truck Tires Rubber Shredding Facility.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Six Color Plastic Cup Printing Machine Price]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Black Color Hexagon Bolt with High Quality]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[2019 Ce Approved Car Spray Booth /Furniture Infrared Paint Spray Booth]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Stainless Steel Wok with Soft Touch Handle]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[HDPE Bottle Auto-Deflashing Blow Moulding Machine]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Customized Printed Air Bubble Mailer Bag Padded Plastic Mailing Bags Courier Envelope]

Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Italy Design Good Quality Hydraulic Motorcycle Lift Table-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Automatic Loading & Unloading System Tumble Belt Shot Blasting Machine]

Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Solar Energy Electricity Generator 400W Pure Sine Wave AC Output for Home/Outdoor Emergency Use]

Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Wholesale Menthol E Liquid E Juice for EGO E Cigarettes, Part I.Biodegradable Kraft Paper Soup Cup Instant Noodles Bowls with Lids. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Strong Motor Permanent Neodymium Rare Earth Bar Magnet N52]

New Cisco Aironet 3700 Series Wireless Access Point Air-Cap3702e-B-K9, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Portable Telescopic Straw Metal Drinking Straw with Brush Case.Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware, 175-184[SPA Diamond&Water Dermabrasion Skin Beauty Salon Machine]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Customized Food Packaging Adhesive Printed Transparent Film Vinyl Stickers Thermal Label]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Etching Rear Trunk Sill Plates for Hyundai Tucson. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Digital Printing Football Fans Flag]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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