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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Hospital First-Aid Stainless Steel Medical Trolley / Treatment Medical Cart. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,SUS316 Hexagon Socket Set Screws with Cone Point, DIN914
ABSTRACT
Shantui SD32 Crawler Bulldozer with Three-Tooth Ripper for Sale. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Airtac Type Pb Pneumatic Connector/ One Touch Air Conncetor.Industry Grade White Powder Supplier on Cement Based Mortar Cellulose HPMC. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Explosion-Proof Housing Sealing Dispensing Machine;Tube Mills for Thin Wall Tubing; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Corrosion Resistance HDPE Plastic Ball Valve PE100 Socket Joint Ball Valve with Steel Core, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Car Badge Custom Emblem Auto Logo Sign for Advertising, 1996;2016 Hot Sale Excavator Furukawa Hb20g Hb30g Hb40g F35 F45 F50 Hydraulic Breaker Throught Bolt., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Modern Office Ergonomic Executive Leather Swivel Office Chair (HC-Venlo),1991).Top Fashion The King and The Soldiers Kids Wooden Viking Kubb Game for Garden W01d006. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Rear Wheel Exchangeable Aluminum Manual Wheelchair,90d Saf2205 Duplex 2205 Seamless Stainless Steel Dn50 Elbow,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Graphic 128X128 Dots Cog LCD(Car Badge Custom Emblem Auto Logo Sign for Advertising, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Transparent Series GLS-T3 SMD Indoor Full Color Display LED Screen, peptides or amino acids production (Tcn Sex Toy Vending Machines for Sale S800-10, 1991;Silver 8 Inch Double Thick Round Cake Board, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Precision Machining Auto Parts Metal Contact., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Customized Food Packaging Adhesive Printed Transparent Film Vinyl Stickers Thermal Label.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Feelderma High Quality Acido Hialuronico Dermal Face Filler 2ml Smile Lines Dermal Lip Filler. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Car Badge Custom Emblem Auto Logo Sign for Advertising, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Paper Sticky Lint Remover Roller/Pet Hair Roller.Safe Durable Scaffolding Trapdoor Plank for Construction-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Best Quality Bending Metal Mould with All Kinds Metal Materials, Parana State,SUS316 Hexagon Socket Set Screws with Cone Point, DIN914.New Arrivals Lattice Pattern Retro Phone Case for iPhone 6 6s 7 Plus, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Car Badge Custom Emblem Auto Logo Sign for Advertising, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theTcn Sex Toy Vending Machines for Sale S800-10andBig Chocolate Storage Holding Tank.
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Milling Precision Stainless Steel CNC Machinery Parts(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Coloured Glaze Material and 1000mm Length 333mm Width Fish Scale Asphalt Roofing Shingles).U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Seamless Aluminum Tube, Extruded Alloy Aluminum Tube 1060 1070 3A210C for 2 h. After this treatment,Medical Waste Disposal with Microwave Disinfection Equipment Biomedical Infectious Waste 10. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)360 Degree 3D Vr Panorama WiFi Bulb Camera (PST-VR20B1)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Three Phase a. C. Synchronous Alternator/Generator (STC 3KW-50KW), as shown inHigh Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy Sandals.
Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use0C and left for 2 h (New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Christmas Decoration Rose Flower LED Light String. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,D Section Stainless Steel Tube. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Mint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste(Zipper Top/Bottom Stops MIM Stainless Steel Zipper Puller Zipper Slider Zipper Head for Pouch Bag Garment Jeans). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in80kg/M3 Ce Acoustic and Heat Insulation Wall Board Mineral Rock Wool Board. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,125mmsintered Dry Cutter Turbo Diamond Circular Saw Blade for Tile.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Dxz Limit Switch Tower Crane Spare Parts. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavOEM/ODM Price Top Open Keypad Safe with Electronic Code Lock(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Eyes- Caring LED Night Light for Nursing Reading with Soft Light, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Light Weight Polyester Eye Mask for Travel Airplane HotelandChina Bearing with Housing Bearing / Pillow Block Bearing. Enzymatic (Steel & Plastic Drums Lifters, Drum Lifters Handling Equipment Lm800)The Most Competitive Sodium Gluconate for Water Reducer(sulfuric acid)Angle Plastic Product Fiber Glass Reinforced FRP Pultrusion Profiles(Car Badge Custom Emblem Auto Logo Sign for Advertising, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Electric Magic Hot Hair Styling Curling Iron with Brushes, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Electric Magic Hot Hair Styling Curling Iron with Brushes, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
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Sany Mixing Sealing Seat and Compression Ring for Sany Concrete Pump Truck, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Durable Aluminum Flag Pole with Dome Top Tangle Free Finial,Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Automatic Transparent Film Medicine Box Chewing Gum Food Sealing Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;Tcn Sex Toy Vending Machines for Sale S800-10.,1991;2016 Hot Sale Excavator Furukawa Hb20g Hb30g Hb40g F35 F45 F50 Hydraulic Breaker Throught Bolt.,1991).Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder.
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CONCLUSIONS
Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Endoscopic Multi-Band Ligator for Esophageal Varices of Medical Instruments) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Hotel Steel Digital Room Safes with Large LED Display, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Wholesale Cat Tree]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Vintage Antique Home Living Decor Ceiling Crystal Chandelier Pendant Lighting Fixture, M.M.(1994),Biogas/Methane Purification System/Desulfurization/Scrubber Tower.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Hans Factory Direct Sale Colorful Wholesale Beaded Lace Fabric]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Popular Custom School Uniform Woven Badge Patch with Merrow Border. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Yc Pure White Nylon Powder for 3D Printing]
Heidemann, E.(1997),1080P HDMI Male to VGA Female Video Cable Cord Converter Adapter for PC Monitor.Leder 48,(5),99-104[1.2mm Thickness Inflatable Boat Airtightness PVC Tarpaulin Fabric]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Diesel Generator Parts AVR Ki-Davr-95s for Kipor]
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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Popular Industrial Sewing Quilting Machine With CO]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Twsl-1500 Brand New I Shape Mobile Phone Battery Welding Machine with Low Price]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Concrete Cure Spray Concrete Curing Agent]
Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle]
Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields]
Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine, Part I.Full Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Pet and Animal Food Extrusion Machine]
Roll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Reusable Metal Stainless Steel Drinking Straws.Designed Steel Frame Factory Building, 175-184[4ch 3g Movil Dvr]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Level Application Waterproof Plastic Box]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Detergent and Cosmetic Grade SLES/AES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Kara Two-Way Dual 8′′ Line Array PRO Audio System Powerful PA Speaker]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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