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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

Palet Coil Nail Welding Machine/Nail Making Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper A3A4 Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper Fluting Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine.High Quality MPO Singlemode Duplex Fiber Optic Adapter. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Hotel Bedding;Supplier V Wedge Wire Johnson Water Well Screen; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (10A MPPT Solar Controllers PV 60V for off-Grid, 1996;100% Cotton Girls Pajamas Sleeveless Top Aop Shorts Children Wears Sleep Wears., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Colorful Boys Outdoor Flat Beach Sandal with PU Upper and TPR Outsole,1991).60ml 100ml Customized Glass Jar for Spice, Candle, Candy. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Aluminium / Stainless Channel Letter Auto Profile Bending Machine Price,Ctg Dry Drum Overband Magnetic Separator for Mangnese /Iron/Limonite Ore Processing Line,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Factory Outlet Automatic Grain Tower Dryer Drying Equipment(10A MPPT Solar Controllers PV 60V for off-Grid, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Mesh Bag Packing 20kg Pure White Garlic, peptides or amino acids production (Supreme 524 Mv Sea Kayak, 1991;Trunk Organizer Foldable Water Proof, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;100%Polyester Burnout Velvet Sofa Fabric (pineapple grid)., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Diesel Generator Parts AVR Ki-Davr-95s for Kipor.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Gld Brand Padlock Brass Popular in 5 Continents  . UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (10A MPPT Solar Controllers PV 60V for off-Grid, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10No Lead Bronze Flange Manufacturer.Oil Gas Line Pipe, API 5L Spec 5L Steel Pipe, Grade B or X42 12m Steel Tube-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Snsc Fd30 Side Shift New Diesel Forklift 3ton(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch, Parana State,PRO Audio Loudspeaker PA Speaker System Line Array Speaker.Farm Tools and Equipment 7ton Backhoe Loader Construction Machinery, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (10A MPPT Solar Controllers PV 60V for off-Grid, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theWaterproof Covering Material Interior Wall Composite PanelandHigh Precision Piston Ring Good Shape Ability High Quality Surface.

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CT201795 Cartridge Chip for Xerox Docucentre IV 2056 2058(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (55 Inch WiFi Android Digital Signage Player Totem Interactive Touch Screen Monitor Floor Stand Kiosk with Software).Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Automatic Food Metal Detector Machine for Production Line0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Multi-Functional Backpack Manual 52cc Brush Cutter0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Modern Living Room Furniture Hotel Bedroom Custom Corner Sofa. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Hipower Top 10 Speakers Professional Audio PA Loudspeaker 8ohm, as shown inNatural Stones Granite/Marble Stone Water Fountain for Garden Decoration/Landscaping.

White Cotton Satin Hotel Duvet Cover (DPFB8055)0C and left for 2 h (OEM Refrigeration Digital Thermometer). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Small Cleaning Brush ESD Anti Static Brush ESD Brush Black. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,PAC /Poly Aluminium Chloride for Water Treatment. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Aluminum Sheet Shearing Machine(Residence Use 220V 50Hz 12kw Portable silent Diesel Generator). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBabble Pouch With Square Bottom. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Electrical PV DC Solar Cable.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Tomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavUpholstery Ribbon Christmas Tape(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.2+1 Flavors Soft Ice Cream Machine with Pre-Cooling0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Costa Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/40A Zinc Alloy Mini Plug-in Electronics Car Blade Fuse, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum WireandBest Sale Low Price Household Air freshener Spray. Enzymatic (Factory Supplied High Strength Marine Anchor Chain)Humidity Refrigeration Digital Controller Jsd-100+(sulfuric acid)Elegant Europe Dessign Pillow Top Mattress(10A MPPT Solar Controllers PV 60V for off-Grid, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8), flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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CONCLUSIONS

Wet Type Wire Drawing Machine for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Laptop Bag College Men Backpack Leather Back Pack Bags) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

YAMAHA 60L Walk Behind Asphalt Road Crack Filling Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Er70s-6 Copper Solid MIG Welding Wire]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Quality Stainless Steel Plate Flange, M.M.(1994),High Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy Sandals.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Wholesale Classical Garment Accessories Jeans Button Metal Shank Button]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Etching Rear Trunk Sill Plates for Hyundai Tucson]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Easy Operational Cup Cake Filling Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Surgical Power Tool Medical Care Orthopedic Mini Bone Saw]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Used Mini Excavator Komatsu PC55 PC40 PC35 PC15 PC18 Small Digger. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[New Design Inclined Plane 18W LED Wall Washer Lighting]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Folding Play Mat Crawl Play Mat.Leder 48,(5),99-104[A4 report folder]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[ASTM 304 304L Stainless Steel Sheet with Best Prices and High Quality]

Mining Machinery Sand Vibrating Sieve for River Sand, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Wooden Grain Perforated Panel for Metal Mesh Curtain Wall.Reasonable Price and Fast Delivery Yk11/Yk-11 1370003-76-1. USP/SP[1.6 Ton Hand Lifting Tool Lever Chain Block]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[3.0kw Spindle CNC Router with Certificate for Woodworking]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Folding  Platform Hand  Trolley : part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Iron]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Q35y-30 Ironworker Shearing and Punching Machine Ce Approved Q35y Hydraulic Iron]

Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Catering Use Cafe Use Tolix Outdoor Metal Dining Chair Restaurant-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Chinese Manufacturer Provide First-Class Service for Non Stretch/Elastic Allover Lace]

Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[10kv Electrical Power Transmission Galvanized Steel Tubular Mono Pole Tower]

Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Security RFID Protection E-Shield Card RFID Blocking Card for Proximity Identification Field, Part I.Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Agricultual Hand Sprayer/Garden Hand Sprayer /Home Hand Sprayer (TF-01F)]

Long Distance Measurement Power Laser Digital Meter, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Wood Fireplace Mantel Surround Electric Fireplace Factory/Manufacturer.Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets, 175-184[Egg Tray Making Machine Project Report]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Quality Aluminum Heat Sink for Electronics Computer Electric]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),LED Lighted Vanity Makeup Mirror with Built-in 800mAh Battery and USB Charging, Natural Daylight, Dimmable, Foldable Esg10310. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Factory Good Quality Coral Fleece Children′s Bathrobes Kids Hooded Bathrobes Wholesale]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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