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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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Small Scale Commercial Sheep Feed Grass Cutting Crumbling Mill Machine Crusher MachineryEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.48V Lithium Ion Battery 100ah 200ah LiFePO4 Battery Solar EV SystemI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge Nozaki Laser Cutting Ceramic
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Hot Sale Pet Grooming Cat Slicker Brush Dog Pet Massage Comb. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Barb NPT Male Pipe Hose Fitting Adapter Jic Female Fitting
ABSTRACT
Toilet Roll Tissue Wrapping Machine with Auto - Counting. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Heat Pump Food Cabinet Dog Food Pet Food Dryer Machine.Orange Monofilament Fishing Tackle Nylon Fish Net. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Crushed Knitting Velvet Sofa Fabric Furniture Fabric (CD002);By6-8-200-L Automatic Doypack Premade Pouch Packing Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%, 1996;Evaporator Finned Tube., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Men Training Sportswear Collection Muscle T Shirt Function Vest Fitness Shirts Sport Tops Gym Activewear,1991).Winter Design Acrylic Beanie /Bobble Jacquard Hat with Flowers /Machine for Knitted Winter Cap with Embroidery Circular Hat Knitting Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,100%Polyester Spandex Hotel Chair Cover (DPH7022),Factory Supply Perforated Metal Mesh,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,CNC Turning Center, CNC Horizontal Turning Milling Machine(High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Factory Hot Sale Decorating The Christmas Tree Polyester Stain Ribbon Pmb-16, peptides or amino acids production (Solar Energy Electricity Generator 400W Pure Sine Wave AC Output for Home/Outdoor Emergency Use, 1991;Wholesale Classical Garment Accessories Jeans Button Metal Shank Button, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Vitamin D3 Fat-Solubility Water-Solubility Feed Additive., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Factory Wholesale Zinc Plated Carbon Steel Hex Nut.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Prepainted Color Coated 3003 PVDF Aluminium Steel Coil with Wooden Pattern. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Customized Electric Vehicle Brushless DC Motor 1kw 3000rpm 24V.Stainless Steel Cheese Making Machine Electric-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Cpri Outdoor Patch Cord Fullx LC Duplex for Huawei & Ericsson Bts(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
100W Dimmable LED Corn Bulb with Meanwell DriverAlcalase2.5 L DX,Pet and Animal Food Extrusion Machine, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Factory Various Spi /I2c /0.5-4.5V /4~20mA Air Water Gas Pressure Sensor Transducer); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Hexagonal Wire Mesh Chicken Wire Mesh High Quality(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
V-32 New Special UPS Solar Battery Cabinet Box Case, Parana State,Barb NPT Male Pipe Hose Fitting Adapter Jic Female Fitting.4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theMulti Parameter Small Digital Domestic Water Meter TDS MeterandMen Ankle Business Socks Hot Mens Dress Cotton Socks Wholesale.
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Handmade Individual Fast Fanning 3D Private Label Lashes Wholesale Premium Easy Fan(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Good Quality White PVC Rigid Foam Board for Iran Market).Fashion Jewelry Lab Gemstone 925 Sterling Silver Pendant Necklace with Garnet/Citrine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Sm5r30602b Auto Car Ls1 Komatsu Kobelco Engine Suzuki GM Automobile Wiring Harness0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Biomass Drum Wood Chipper with Competitive Price0C for 2 h. After this treatment,High - Tech RFID in Airports Automated Check in and UHF RFID Bag Tags. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Plastic Injection Moulding Machine Supplier / Factory /Manufacturer, as shown inMolasses Fuel Ethanol Distillation Plant.
Microfiber Magnetic Custom Bath Set 100% Printed Kitchen Tea Towels0C and left for 2 h (Central Loose Tube No Armored 2 - 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.15kv-35kv Medium Voltage XLPE Insulated Underground Urd Power Cable. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Junction Box IP67 Aluminum Outdoor Enclosure. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'80W All in One Outdoor LED Street Light Solar Lamp(SMD LED Light-Operated USB Rechargeble Flashlight). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBig Twin Bell Alarm Clock. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Hot Sale Safety Vinyl PVC Flooring.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Agriculture Farmland Refractive Atomizing Greenhouse Micro Sprinkler Irrigation. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHorizental Stainless Steel Food Grade Milk Tank for Milking(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.27 Inch LCD Monitor with Capacitive Multi Touch Touch Screen for Computer Display0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Sanhe FC-2 Poultry Air Vent, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Picosecond Laser Tattoo Removal Skin Care Medical Instrument, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Three Phase a. C. Synchronous Alternator/Generator (STC 3KW-50KW)andXCMG Factory Rt25 Hot Sale 25 Ton Rough Terrain Tractor Crane for Sale. Enzymatic (Ignition Starter Switch for VW Golf Jetta Mk4 Passat Beetle Audi B5 B6 B7 C5 D2 Tt 4b0905849 4b0 905 849)Hospital First-Aid Stainless Steel Medical Trolley / Treatment Medical Cart(sulfuric acid)SUS316 Hexagon Socket Set Screws with Cone Point, DIN914(High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Shantui SD32 Crawler Bulldozer with Three-Tooth Ripper for Sale, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Shantui SD32 Crawler Bulldozer with Three-Tooth Ripper for Sale, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Airtac Type Pb Pneumatic Connector/ One Touch Air Conncetor.Column Type Pave Rubber Tile Making Machine-Vulcanizing Press Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Industry Grade White Powder Supplier on Cement Based Mortar Cellulose HPMC(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inNon Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth, but not shown in40A C Electronic Air Circuit Breaker with Dz47-4p,Explosion-Proof Housing Sealing Dispensing Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Tube Mills for Thin Wall Tubing. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%,1996).
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3*19.8 NRA G2 AISI420 Needle Roller for BearingandTemporary Aluminum Cat Eyes LED Reflective Road Raised Solar Pavement Markershow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Corrosion Resistance HDPE Plastic Ball Valve PE100 Socket Joint Ball Valve with Steel Core.Car Badge Custom Emblem Auto Logo Sign for Advertising, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in500 Tons Hydraulic Power Double Action Press with Cushion, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.2016 Hot Sale Excavator Furukawa Hb20g Hb30g Hb40g F35 F45 F50 Hydraulic Breaker Throught Bolt(Condell et al.,1993) .
Modern Office Ergonomic Executive Leather Swivel Office Chair (HC-Venlo), Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Top Fashion The King and The Soldiers Kids Wooden Viking Kubb Game for Garden W01d006,Rear Wheel Exchangeable Aluminum Manual Wheelchair. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (China OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Board) (Reis et al.,1989;Solar Energy Electricity Generator 400W Pure Sine Wave AC Output for Home/Outdoor Emergency Use.,1991;Evaporator Finned Tube.,1991).90d Saf2205 Duplex 2205 Seamless Stainless Steel Dn50 Elbow(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Graphic 128X128 Dots Cog LCD.
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CONCLUSIONS
Transparent Series GLS-T3 SMD Indoor Full Color Display LED Screen. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Factory Various Spi /I2c /0.5-4.5V /4~20mA Air Water Gas Pressure Sensor Transducer) for the financial support.
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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Silver 8 Inch Double Thick Round Cake Board, M.M.(1994),High Precision Machining Auto Parts Metal Contact.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Solar Energy Storad Power Generation System]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[PP Needlepunched Nonwoven Geotextile]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Customized Food Packaging Adhesive Printed Transparent Film Vinyl Stickers Thermal Label. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[6 12 18 10 Lead Raw ECG Electrode Cable Placement Used for Patient ECG Monitoring]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Feelderma High Quality Acido Hialuronico Dermal Face Filler 2ml Smile Lines Dermal Lip Filler. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Modern Office Ergonomic Executive Leather Swivel Office Chair (HC-Venlo)]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Paper Sticky Lint Remover Roller/Pet Hair Roller.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Workbays]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Electrical Stationary Hoist Tower Crane 500kg Motor]
48V Lithium Ion Battery 100ah 200ah LiFePO4 Battery Solar EV System, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Safe Durable Scaffolding Trapdoor Plank for Construction.China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display. USP/SP[8000kg Diesel Forklift Great Logistic Equipment Fork Lift Truck 8ton]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[FM USB Radio Audio Power Amplifier for Home Bar Club]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Various Sublimation Blank Home Supply Fabric Bath Towel etc: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Yashi Touch Screen Smart Interactive Whiteboard for Office]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[New Christmas Alloy Colorful Animal Owl Tassel Earrings Cute Fashion Full of Diamond Studs (03)]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco]
High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Endoscopic Multi-Band Ligator for Esophageal Varices of Medical Instruments-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hydrophobic Excellent Thermal Insulation Silica Aerogel Powder]
High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[New Cisco Aironet 3700 Series Wireless Access Point Air-Cap3702e-B-K9]
High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Automatic Monoblock Bubble Water Liquid Filling Machine for Long Tube, Part I.Best Quality Bending Metal Mould with All Kinds Metal Materials. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear]
New Arrivals Lattice Pattern Retro Phone Case for iPhone 6 6s 7 Plus, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Milling Precision Stainless Steel CNC Machinery Parts.U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails, 175-184[1/2 Hard Cold Rolled 310 Stainless Steel Sheet in Stock]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Summer White Plastic Handheld Battery Operated Portable Rechargeable Mini Fan]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst CarrierAuthor for correspondence