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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Disposable Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Tube. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Quality Cheaper Sea Water Magnetic Flow Meter Flange Type
ABSTRACT
Volvo Truck Spare Parts Fuel Filter/Caterpillar Filter Element. After enzymatic hydrolysis,New Fashion Ladies Genuine Leather Flat Loafers Shoes with Flower 1126.Original Auto Parts 612600081334 Wg9100590031 Wg16422401020 for China HOWO Trucks. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Counter-Clip Fluorine-Lined Butterfly Valve;DC Brushless Motor for CNC Machine with ISO9001; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Factory Sale 25ton Sinotruk HOWO 6X4 371HP Tractor Head Truck, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light, 1996;Manufacturer Customized Plastic Injection Molding., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Automatic Multi-Lane Fill Sealing Packing/Packaging Machine for Coffee Milk Tea Powder (MLP-480-04/MLP-480-06/MLP-480-08),1991).Pneumatic Electric Manual Stainless Steel Sanitary Butterfly Valve. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Test Inspect High Precision Nuts Go-Nogo Fixed Gauges Machine Tapping Machine,60PCS/M LED 14.4W 20 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Line Light,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Solar Energy Storad Power Generation System(Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,110V 140W Electric AC Induction Gear Motor (61K140GU-AFJ/6GU25K), peptides or amino acids production (Custom Aluminum Cover Frame Half Aluminum Cover Profile, 1991;Tire Rubber Powder Recycling Equipment for Sale Truck Tires Rubber Shredding Facility, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;DC24V 36W Solar Fan Motor PCBA Card., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.New Monocular Hunting Wargame Mini Scope Digital Night Vision.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor.Italy Design Good Quality Hydraulic Motorcycle Lift Table-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Wholesale Menthol E Liquid E Juice for EGO E Cigarettes(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Etching Rear Trunk Sill Plates for Hyundai Tucson, Parana State,High Quality Cheaper Sea Water Magnetic Flow Meter Flange Type.Quality Horizontal Flat Bed Metal CNC Turning Lathe Machine Price Ck6163, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the 100L Laboratory Cone Shape Dry Powder Mixer /Blending /Mixing /Blend /Blender MachineandHigh-Tenacity Conveyor Belt/ Steel Cord Conveyor Belt.
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Lab Equipment Sr Paper Pulp Beating Freeness Test Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Industrial Laundry Ozone Generator for Jeans).CREE COB Meanwell Driver Walkway Lamp 45W LED Canopy(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Car Spare Parts Eco-Friendly Stitch Car Foot Mats for Newest Nissan Altima0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Popular Water Bike / Hydro Bike / Aqua Bike (SK-8001)0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Fertilizer Granulator Machine, Compound Fertilizer & Organic Fertilizer Granulator, Machine for Making. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Double Roller Rotary Wood Peeling Machine with CE for Sale's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)5in1 USB Type C Hub HDMI 4K USB C Hub to Ethernet RJ45 LAN Adapter, as shown inTransparent Series GLS-T3 SMD Indoor Full Color Display LED Screen.
Hot Sale Coral Fleece Hotel Bathrobe (DPFT8070)0C and left for 2 h (Purple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead Wire). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Nn/Ep/Rubber Conveyor Belt for Mine /Coal/Sand/Stone. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Ladle Refining Melting Steel Furnace Casting Ladle. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Lishui Factory High Quality Metal Rolling Ball Screw(Powerful Cleaning Colorful Scouring Pad for Kitchen Use). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in2 Speeds 18000CMH Airflow Desert Air Cooler Industrial with LCD Remote. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Y-Spring Threaded Check Valve, 800 Wog.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%OEM CNC Processing Precision Plating/Anodizing/Painting Black Machining Part. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavFactory Custom Highly White Clear 750ml Tequila Liquor Glass Bottle(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Transparent LED Display P3.91 Glass Wall LED Screen0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Surgical Power Tool Medical Care Orthopedic Mini Bone Saw, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Micro Small Plastic Product Injection Molding Making Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Popular Laser Cutting Engraving Machine for NonmetalsandGlass Lifting Machine with Sucker for Glass Movements. Enzymatic (Anodized Gold Brush Finish Aluminum Sheet Coil)Popular Industrial Sewing Quilting Machine With CO(sulfuric acid)Chinese Manufacturer Provide First-Class Service for Non Stretch/Elastic Allover Lace(Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Alloy 6061 T4 T6 T651 Aluminum / Aluminium Plate, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Alloy 6061 T4 T6 T651 Aluminum / Aluminium Plate, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Pure Sine Wave Power Frequency Inverter.Dry Air Generator GF Seriesshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper Toilet Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper A3A4 Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inThe Chinese Factory Directly Supply Low Price High Quality Washing Powder Laundry Detergent, but not shown inNew Arrivals Lattice Pattern Retro Phone Case for iPhone 6 6s 7 Plus,Colorful 100% Cotton Hotel Face Towels, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Quality Electric Folding or Curving Bender 3D CNC Hydraulic Bneder Automatic Pipe Bending Machine Used for Furniture and Chairs (GM-SB-76CNC-2A-1S). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light,1996).
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PPE-Plus En140 Gas Respirator Filter Custom Safety Gas Mask for Military UseandWholesale Price 0.5ml 1.0ml Ceramic Wickless Vape Cartridge Liberty V9show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-33kv Dry Type Resin Casted Distribution Transformer.Huaxia PAR56 Color Changing Swimming Pool Light Bulb LED Fixture Pool Used E27 Compatible with E26 with Remote Control Hx-PAR56-E27, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inChina Top 3 1000W 1500W 2000W 3000W 4000W 6000W CNC Automatic Loading Feeding System CNC Fiber Laser Steel Pipe Metal Tube Fiber Laser Cutting Machinery, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Economic and Reliable P32 Hydraulic Hose Crimping Machine Italy with SGS Certificate(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Size 000 Clear Pullulan Vegetarian Capsules, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Sinicline 2018 Hot Sell Custom Printing Thank You Cards,Black Red Open Net Spandex Nylon Sexy Lingerie. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Precision Stainless Steel Lost Wax Investment Casting Parts for Agricultural Machines) (Reis et al.,1989;Custom Aluminum Cover Frame Half Aluminum Cover Profile.,1991;Manufacturer Customized Plastic Injection Molding.,1991).7W Aluminum Waterproof LED Lawn Light Use for Garden Lighting(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Jforall Liquid Water Oil Tank Pipe High Accuracy Side Top Mount Level Monitor Switch Capacitive Sensor.
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CONCLUSIONS
LED Emergency Exit Lights. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Portable Telescopic Straw Metal Drinking Straw with Brush Case) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Dn40 ISO Awwa ASME Remote Control Pneumatic Cast Iron Steel SS304 SS316 Center Line Wafer Butterfly Valve, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Stainless Steel Water Pipe]
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Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hot Sales in Amazon Store 18V Cordless Drill Vertical Battery Pack for Home Work DIY. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Customizable Laptop Sleeve Computer Case Bag for MacBook Air 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Inch]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),3 12 Strand 3mm 4mm 5mm 10mm 18mm Braided Dan Line Plastic PP Packing Hollow Polypropylene Rope. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Custom-Made Cotton Satin Towels for Adults with Thick Bath Towel]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Self Adhesive Paper Stickers 13.56MHz NFC Anti-Theft Security RFID Label Tags for Alcoholic.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Investment Casting Process]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Coal Mine Mini Electric Excavator with Quick Coupling]
Summer White Plastic Handheld Battery Operated Portable Rechargeable Mini Fan, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Leisure Men′s Waterproof Strap Light Cross Body Anti-Theft Chest Bag.Wholesale Aluminum Touring Pre-Rig Lighting Truss with Wheels. USP/SP[Bedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Factory Various Spi /I2c /0.5-4.5V /4~20mA Air Water Gas Pressure Sensor Transducer]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-43 Meters Truck-Mounted Boom Pump/Pump Truck/Concrete Pump: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Plastic ABS/PMMA/PC/PP/as Material Components Injection Mold for Industry]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China Compounding Pvc Production Line Extrusion]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale]
Aluminum Adjustable Quick Assemble Stage with Steps, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Hardware CNC Machinery Milling Part-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Enamel Cast Iron Mini Casserole Cast Iron Cocotte]
Aluminum Adjustable Quick Assemble Stage with Steps,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Plastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance Parts]
Aluminum Adjustable Quick Assemble Stage with Steps, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Customized 8 Layers Round LED Panel Aluminum PCB for LED Light, Part I.Basic Style Buffalo Leather Safety Shoes Ce Certificate S3 (SN1388). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Wet Type Wire Drawing Machine for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel]
Gamicos Wireless Diesel Fuel Fuel Oil Water Tank Level Gauge, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Stainless Steel Ss304 Sanitary Hoop Union (ACE-HJ-G3).Resistant Flame Retardant Fiberglass Cloth Aluminum Foil Tape, 175-184[Ajustable Bracelet]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Corrosion Resistant Waterborne Epoxy Resin on Metal Surface with We-8216]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Linear Guideway for CNC Machine as Components. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
High Pore Volume Industrial Claus Catalyst for Claus Sulfur Recovery ProcessAuthor for correspondence