ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/Wastewater.Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine;Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine, 1996;Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould Molding Nylon PP Injection., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Black Annealed ERW Welded Carbon Furniture Tube Cold Rolled 16mm Steel Pipe,1991).High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting,ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale(Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Custom Logo Cotton Terry Oversize Pullover Men Hoodie, peptides or amino acids production (Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug, 1991;Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon.Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer, Parana State,Hot Sale 100% Polyester Cartoon Kids Sleepwear.Full Automatic Tomato Ketchup Sauce Sachet Packaging Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAdjustable Office Commercial Suspended Pendant LED Aluminum Channel Profile for Ceiling LightandFood Grade Transparent Cookie Airtight Plastic Container Jars.

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7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine).High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Telescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Patent LED Tri-Proof light Fixture 30W, 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production Line, as shown inThe Most Competitive Sodium Gluconate for Water Reducer.

Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck⁰C and left for 2 h (Wood Veneer Peeling and Clipping Combined Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder(China PAC Water Flocculating Agent for Water Treatment). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inTitanium Dioxide Anatase A101 White Pigment for Inks. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Commercial Use Click Lock Standard Spc Vinyl Plank Flooring.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Customized Fashion Luxury Wooden Cosmetic Store Fixture for Shop. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHigh Pressure Qsl8.9 Injector Fuel Supply Tube for Dongfeng(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.White Color Enamel Bowls with High Quality⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Customized Good Quality Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Enclosure with Hinged Door, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Nonwoven Fiber Quilt Produce Machine Wadding Production Line / Sheep Wool Quilts Production Line Comforter for Bedding Making Production Line, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Picosecond Laser Tattoo Removal Skin Care Medical InstrumentandWaterproof Fireproof Fiber Cement Board Wall Panel/ Cladding Board. Enzymatic (Foshan Manufacturer Sound Proof Powder Coated Aluminum Sliding Lifting Door for Balcony Decoration)Southeast Asia Healthy Soft Integrated Latex Foam Mattress(sulfuric acid)12X2 6p Abrasive Non Woven Polishing Polyurethane Polishing Pad(Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Water Filter System Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment System, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Water Filter System Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment System, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Vertical CNC Milling Machine (Bed Type CNC Milling Machine XK7136C). Machine for Makingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Cabinet Shelf Support Pin Furniture Hardware Fittings(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Security 13.56MHz MIFARE DESFire EV1 EV2 2K 4K 8K CPU RFID Card, but not shown inSteam Eye Mask Heating One Eye Mask for Sleeping,Reasonable Price High Quality Nylon Cable Gland, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Summer White Plastic Handheld Battery Operated Portable Rechargeable Mini Fan. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Manufacturer Customized Plastic Injection Molding, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Double Ball Air Release Valve]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Automatic Multi-Lane Fill Sealing Packing/Packaging Machine for Coffee Milk Tea Powder (MLP-480-04/MLP-480-06/MLP-480-08), M.M.(1994),Pneumatic Electric Manual Stainless Steel Sanitary Butterfly Valve.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Beverage Cooling Cube Ice Making/Ice Maker Machinery]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Test Inspect High Precision Nuts Go-Nogo Fixed Gauges Machine Tapping Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Magic Hair Twist   Curl Sponge Brush]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),60PCS/M LED 14.4W 20 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Line Light. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Concrete Pump Sponge Cleaning Ball for Concrete Pump Truck]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Solar Energy Storad Power Generation System.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Others]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Small Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter]

3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),110V 140W Electric AC Induction Gear Motor (61K140GU-AFJ/6GU25K).Custom Aluminum Cover Frame Half Aluminum Cover Profile. USP/SP[Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid Valve]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Black Red Open Net Spandex Nylon Sexy Lingerie]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Tire Rubber Powder Recycling Equipment for Sale Truck Tires Rubber Shredding Facility: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Precision Machining Auto Parts Metal Contact]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[CNC Turning/Milling Low Price Oxidation Aluminum/Steel/Copper Mechanical Part]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Funny Newest Design for Children Theme Outdoor Playground Park]

DC24V 36W Solar Fan Motor PCBA Card, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),New Monocular Hunting Wargame Mini Scope Digital Night Vision-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose]

DC24V 36W Solar Fan Motor PCBA Card,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[ Nc Studio Control]

DC24V 36W Solar Fan Motor PCBA Card, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine, Part I.Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Professional Manufacture Electromagnetic Impulse Solenoid Valve]

Italy Design Good Quality Hydraulic Motorcycle Lift Table, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Wholesale Menthol E Liquid E Juice for EGO E Cigarettes.Biodegradable Kraft Paper Soup Cup Instant Noodles Bowls with Lids, 175-184[Hose Reel Swivel Fitting]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould Molding Nylon PP Injection]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),New Cisco Aironet 3700 Series Wireless Access Point Air-Cap3702e-B-K9. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Stainless Steel Metric Female Flat Seat Hose Fittings]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn RoomAuthor for correspondence