ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Modern 4 Person Workstation with Computer Desk Modular Office Furniture. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Frequency Steel Straight Seam Pipe Welding Line/Tube Mill.Women Fashion Winter V Neck Long Sleeve Clothes. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Full-Automatic Production Line for Continuous Draw-out Wet Wipe Wet Wipes Machine Baby Wipes Production Line;3D CNC Router for Wood Cutting Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Stainless Steel Screens / Wedge Wire Filter Element, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite, 1996;EPS Foam Sheet Extrusion Machine for Fast Food Box Making., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Luxury High Quality Shawl Collar Multi-Color Coral Fleece Bathrobe,1991).Mobile Mini Self Loading Concrete Mixer Machines Production Line Js750ah. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,30PCS/M LED 7.2W 10 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Strip Light,Wet Type Wire Drawing Machine for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,YAMAHA 60L Walk Behind Asphalt Road Crack Filling Machine(Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality Stainless Steel Plate Flange, peptides or amino acids production (High Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy Sandals, 1991;Easy Operational Cup Cake Filling Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Used Mini Excavator Komatsu PC55 PC40 PC35 PC15 PC18 Small Digger., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Folding Play Mat Crawl Play Mat.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Wooden Grain Perforated Panel for Metal Mesh Curtain Wall. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Reasonable Price and Fast Delivery Yk11/Yk-11 1370003-76-1.Folding  Platform Hand  Trolley -LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Wood Fireplace Mantel Surround Electric Fireplace Factory/Manufacturer, Parana State,Plastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance Parts.Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the Children Educational Toys GameandL Shape U Shape Big Corner Home Villa Living Room Hotel Lobby Full Chinese Italy Leather with Manual Movable Headrest Confortable Sofa Set Furniture.

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High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier⁰C and left for 2 h (2 Round Sash Pulley for Chain - Brass (PVD)). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Manufacture Best Choice Liquid Flocculant for Ink Removal(Customized 8 Layers Round LED Panel Aluminum PCB for LED Light). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Precision Dispensing Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Colorful Pet Natural Tough TPR Rubber Toy Cat Dog Chew Toys. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avWood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Custom Fashion Cup Mat Silicone Rubber Coaster for Tea- Best Housewarming Beverage, Drink Silicone PVC Coaster Beer Drink Coaster Cup Coaster (YB-CC-1)⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

33kv Dry Type Resin Casted Distribution TransformerandSophisticated Durable Membrane Panel/Panel with 3m Glue. Enzymatic (Automatic Packing Machine for Chili Powder Spice Powder Red Pepper Powder)HDPE Polyethylene PE Pipe for Water Supply(sulfuric acid)Embossing Waterproof Push Button Membrane Switch Panel Membrane Keypad(Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Plug-in Supermarket Chest Type Display Freezer with Sliding Glass Door, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Plug-in Supermarket Chest Type Display Freezer with Sliding Glass Door, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Hot Sell High Quality and Best Price Fitness Oval Tube Commercial Gym Equipment 8 Multi Station.Factory Direct Supply Yiwu Stocklots Hard Cover A5 High Quality Leather Notebooks for Gifts Free Shippingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Galvanized Pressure Locked Grating(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFestival Ceramic Mug, but not shown inMint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste,Phenol Polyoxyethylene Ether for Water-Reducing Admixture, 9004-78-8., and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).2019 Ce Approved Car Spray Booth /Furniture Infrared Paint Spray Booth. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite,1996).

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JIS G3461 STB410 Steam Steel Tube, JIS G 3461 ASTM A179 Seamless Boiler Pipe, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.3PC Ss Ball Valve with ISO 5211 Direct Mounting Pad,PVC Connector Sleeve Soft Plastic Battery Terminal Covers. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Bodybuilding Sr9009 Oral Anabolic Sarms White Powder for Weight Loss) (Reis et al.,1989;High Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy Sandals.,1991;EPS Foam Sheet Extrusion Machine for Fast Food Box Making.,1991).Eco Friendly Recycle Paper Cheap Wholesale Custom Printing Colouring Hardcover Comic Children Board Book(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Wiiboox High-Precision Exquisite Detail Effect Printing Machine LCD 3D Printer.

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CONCLUSIONS

Portable Mini Fridge with Light Box. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Agriculture Film for Corn Silage Wrap Baler, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Energy Saving IP65 65 Watt LED Yard Light UL Dlc Listed]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Cheap Gabion Wire Mesh Box, M.M.(1994),Stainless Inox Escalator Decorative Panel 304 Grade Brushed Stainless Steel Sheet with 7 PVC Film.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Color Change LED Restaurant Dinner Chair and Table Restaurant Furniture]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Countersunk Head Self Drilling Screw Color Zinc Plated DIN7504r]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Stainless Steel Double Layer Filter USD in POY Machines. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Sweat Suit for Women Three Piece Tracksuit]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),8oz 250ml Disposable Paper Soup Bowl with Lid for Take Away. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Customized Over Size Boys Hoodie with Embroidered]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Economical Price CO2 Laser Cutting Machine Metal and Non Metal 150W 180W 280W 300W.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Pg Manual Scraper Bottom Discharge Centrifuge]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992]

Elegant Europe Dessign Pillow Top Mattress, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Graphite Ring Good Lubrication.China Tower 6-Axis Screwdriver Machine Robot Manufacturer. USP/SP[Factory Supply Cheap Price Custom Logo Genuine Leather Mens Wallets]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Mslqs-P Needle-Free Injector/Needleless Syringe Price: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Sale High Quality Rimless New Italy Design Titanium Eyeglasses for Business Men and Women]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[30g 50g High End Square Acrylic Cosmetic Jar for Face Cream]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples]

YAMAHA Yv100II Nozzle Horder Square Head Short Type, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Juice Doypack Packing Machine (ZLDB-4)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Straight-Through Medium Flange Hard-Sealed Z41h Gate Valve]

YAMAHA Yv100II Nozzle Horder Square Head Short Type,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Office Furniture Chair MID-Back Mesh Ergonomic Office Staff Chair]

YAMAHA Yv100II Nozzle Horder Square Head Short Type, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Stainless Steel Wok with Soft Touch Handle, Part I.Living Room Furniture Hotel Sofa Set with Matching Tables Hotel Bedroom Sofa. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine]

Funny Newest Design for Children Theme Outdoor Playground Park, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Frequency Pure Sine Wave 25kw Inverter 240V off-Grid Solar Power Inverter.Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG, 175-184[High Quality Chemical Transfer Pneumatic Plastic PVDF Diaphragm Pump]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[13.4L 22.4L Inflatable Helium Tank Disposable Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Prompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Water Meter Spare Parts Rubber Rings for Sealing]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Electric Fabric and Non Woven Fabric Roll Slitting Machine (FQ-1600)Author for correspondence