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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
Vulcanizing Machine /Rubber Tiles Vulcanzing Press
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Chik Chrome Steel High Carbon Ball Bearing for Motor Bike Automobile (6215 RS ZZ open). (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Professional Motorcycle Reflector Injection Plastic Parts Mould Maker
ABSTRACT
O Shape Hole Design Small Round Hole Fixed Head LED Downlight 9W 11W. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Cheaper Factory Price! Foam Slicing Vertical Cutting Machine in China.Auto Engine Radiator for Honda Accord 97-00 CF4 OEM 19010-PDA-E51. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Customized Souvenirs Tin Metal Number & Name Plate for Car;AC/DC Pure Sine Wave Inverters for PV Solar System off Grid System; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Molasses Fuel Ethanol Distillation Plant, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve, 1996;Banded Type Tee Used on Oil., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (20FT New Shipping Container 40FT Dry Cargo Container,1991).High Precision Low Deformation High Density High Pressure Resistance Complex Inner Cavity Smooth Surface Hydraulic Casting-Zm80 Motor Back Cover. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Original Bluetooth Earphone 5.0 Tws Wireless Earbuds I11 I12 for Apple iPhone Mini Earpods Audifonos Earphone,High Pressure Braided Rubber Oil Hose,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Monochrome Graphic Industrial Control LCD Display Module 128X64(Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,SMD LED Light-Operated USB Rechargeble Flashlight, peptides or amino acids production (Holland Welded Wire Mesh Euro Fencing /Euro Fence for Garden, 1991;1jo4 Hydraulic Adaptors for Hose Fittings, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Chinese 1325 Ce Certificated CNC Engraving Router for Sale., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Oil Heating Reactor.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Zhejiang Manufacture Explosion Proof Intelligent Electric Actuator. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 106 12 18 10 Lead Raw ECG Electrode Cable Placement Used for Patient ECG Monitoring.All Kinds of Color Fashion Simple Stone Pendant Design Necklace-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Customized Molded Best Silicone Glass Water Drinking Bottle Sleeve(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Heat Pump Food Cabinet Dog Food Pet Food Dryer Machine, Parana State,Professional Motorcycle Reflector Injection Plastic Parts Mould Maker.Orange Monofilament Fishing Tackle Nylon Fish Net, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFarrowing Crate Pig Floor Cast Iron Slat FloorandAmazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite.
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Crushed Knitting Velvet Sofa Fabric Furniture Fabric (CD002)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes).By6-8-200-L Automatic Doypack Premade Pouch Packing Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Evaporator Finned Tube. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Men Training Sportswear Collection Muscle T Shirt Function Vest Fitness Shirts Sport Tops Gym Activewear's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Winter Design Acrylic Beanie /Bobble Jacquard Hat with Flowers /Machine for Knitted Winter Cap with Embroidery Circular Hat Knitting Machine, as shown inAutomatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine.
100%Polyester Spandex Hotel Chair Cover (DPH7022)0C and left for 2 h (Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Factory Supply Perforated Metal Mesh. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,CNC Turning Center, CNC Horizontal Turning Milling Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Factory Hot Sale Decorating The Christmas Tree Polyester Stain Ribbon Pmb-16(AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBaby Side Sleep Pillow. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Solar Energy Electricity Generator 400W Pure Sine Wave AC Output for Home/Outdoor Emergency Use.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Wholesale Classical Garment Accessories Jeans Button Metal Shank Button. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavVitamin D3 Fat-Solubility Water-Solubility Feed Additive(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Prepainted Color Coated 3003 PVDF Aluminium Steel Coil with Wooden Pattern0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Customized Electric Vehicle Brushless DC Motor 1kw 3000rpm 24V, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Stainless Steel Cheese Making Machine Electric, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Shampoo Mascara Titling Mixing and Emulsifying Making MachineandCpri Outdoor Patch Cord Fullx LC Duplex for Huawei & Ericsson Bts. Enzymatic (100W Dimmable LED Corn Bulb with Meanwell Driver)Pet and Animal Food Extrusion Machine(sulfuric acid)Factory Various Spi /I2c /0.5-4.5V /4~20mA Air Water Gas Pressure Sensor Transducer(Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Hexagonal Wire Mesh Chicken Wire Mesh High Quality, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Hexagonal Wire Mesh Chicken Wire Mesh High Quality, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
V-32 New Special UPS Solar Battery Cabinet Box Case.Pure Sine Wave Power Frequency Invertershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in Inductor, but not shown inDouble-Screw Microwave Drying/Baking for Seafood Dewatering Device for Sale with Ce,Handmade Individual Fast Fanning 3D Private Label Lashes Wholesale Premium Easy Fan, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Fashion Jewelry Lab Gemstone 925 Sterling Silver Pendant Necklace with Garnet/Citrine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve,1996).
Extruded Alloy Aluminum Tube 1060 1070 3A21andHairs Comb for Pet Dog Catsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Sm5r30602b Auto Car Ls1 Komatsu Kobelco Engine Suzuki GM Automobile Wiring Harness.Biomass Drum Wood Chipper with Competitive Price, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inDIN 7337 Aluminium Core Pulling Stainless Steel Rivet, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.High - Tech RFID in Airports Automated Check in and UHF RFID Bag Tags(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Plastic Injection Moulding Machine Supplier / Factory /Manufacturer,Microfiber Magnetic Custom Bath Set 100% Printed Kitchen Tea Towels. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Good Price 20kVA Single Phase Silent Diesel Generator) (Reis et al.,1989;Holland Welded Wire Mesh Euro Fencing /Euro Fence for Garden.,1991;Banded Type Tee Used on Oil.,1991).15kv-35kv Medium Voltage XLPE Insulated Underground Urd Power Cable(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Junction Box IP67 Aluminum Outdoor Enclosure.
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CONCLUSIONS
80W All in One Outdoor LED Street Light Solar Lamp. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Barb NPT Male Pipe Hose Fitting Adapter Jic Female Fitting) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Hot Sale Safety Vinyl PVC Flooring, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Automatic Rotary Bag-Given Granular Packing Machine]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Agriculture Farmland Refractive Atomizing Greenhouse Micro Sprinkler Irrigation, M.M.(1994),Horizental Stainless Steel Food Grade Milk Tank for Milking.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Mushroom Head Stud Sert]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[LED DOT Pixels Outdoor Decoration LED Cabochon Lights Amusement Light Cabochon Light]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Multi Parameter Small Digital Domestic Water Meter TDS Meter. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[OEM CNC Processing Precision Plating/Anodizing/Painting Black Machining Part]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),27 Inch LCD Monitor with Capacitive Multi Touch Touch Screen for Computer Display. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Factory Supply Decorative Plastic PVC Vinyl Siding Panels for Exterior Walls]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Sanhe FC-2 Poultry Air Vent.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Double Door 500/700/1000/1200L 22/30 Trays Shock/IQF/Fast/Quick/Deep/Instant/Flash Air Cooling Blast Freezer]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector]
Aluminum Bright Polished Mirror Sheet, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Picosecond Laser Tattoo Removal Skin Care Medical Instrument.XCMG Factory Rt25 Hot Sale 25 Ton Rough Terrain Tractor Crane for Sale. USP/SP[Elegant Europe Dessign Pillow Top Mattress]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[2.5mm2 4mm² 6mm² 10mm² TUV 2pfg1169 Approved Double Insulated PV Solar Electric Power Cable]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Ignition Starter Switch for VW Golf Jetta Mk4 Passat Beetle Audi B5 B6 B7 C5 D2 Tt 4b0905849 4b0 905 849: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[ASTM Approved Popular Indoor Trampoline of Park]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Lightning Splitter Cable 2 in 1 Earphones Adapter and Charging Cable for iPhone 7/7p/8/8p/X]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Quality Factory Inline Hockey Skate Puck]
Hospital First-Aid Stainless Steel Medical Trolley / Treatment Medical Cart, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),SUS316 Hexagon Socket Set Screws with Cone Point, DIN914-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Best Price Custom Embroidery Logo Hotel Slippers]
Hospital First-Aid Stainless Steel Medical Trolley / Treatment Medical Cart,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[New Fashion Ladies Genuine Leather Flat Loafers Shoes with Flower 1126]
Hospital First-Aid Stainless Steel Medical Trolley / Treatment Medical Cart, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Shantui SD32 Crawler Bulldozer with Three-Tooth Ripper for Sale, Part I.Airtac Type Pb Pneumatic Connector/ One Touch Air Conncetor. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Automatic Food Metal Detector Machine for Production Line]
Industry Grade White Powder Supplier on Cement Based Mortar Cellulose HPMC, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Explosion-Proof Housing Sealing Dispensing Machine.Tube Mills for Thin Wall Tubing, 175-184[Sodium Carbonate Powder]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Metal Universal Vertical Turret Milling Machine (X6323 X6325 X6325D X6330)]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Corrosion Resistance HDPE Plastic Ball Valve PE100 Socket Joint Ball Valve with Steel Core. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
CAT6A FTP Patch Panel (WD6A-012)Author for correspondence