ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Dark Blue Color Texture Indoor Swimming Pool Glass Mosaic Tile. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Cable Tray with ′t′ Slots

ABSTRACT

10 Gauge Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh for Construction Using. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality Factory Inline Hockey Skate Puck.0.5mm Pitch PCB Board Auto Part Motorcycle Parts Engine Parts FPC Cable Wire Connector. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP, 1996;Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Best Selling Counter Balance Forklift 3 Ton LPG Forklift Truck,1991).Hotel SPA Swimming Pool, Sport Room, Bathroom Towel. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Powerful Cleaning Colorful Scouring Pad for Kitchen Use,500t Plywood Hot Press Woodworking Machine (12-25 layers),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap(Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Full Automatic 4000b/h 500ml Plastic Jar Making Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Aluminum Can Automatic Juice Beer Soda Filling Packing Canning Machine, 1991;5L, 8L, 10L, 20L, 50L, 100L Laboratory Cone Shape Dry Powder Mixer /Blending /Mixing /Blend /Blender Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;PCB18h 8p8c Modular Plug with Shield Head RJ45 Connector., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Hermetic Sliding Lead Door, X Ray Room Door.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Laundry Used Gas Water Heater with CE/Asme Certificate. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp.2019 Hot Sales Comfortable Mesh Chair Computer Staff Chair Ow-J219b-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

What′s Kind of Machine for Making Organic Fertilizer Granules, Parana State,Cable Tray with ′t′ Slots.Gsjl 91/1 Multibar Computerized Jacquard Warp Knitting Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theStainless Steel Body Infrared Burner Good Selling Gas StoveandHigh - Tech RFID in Airports Automated Check in and UHF RFID Bag Tags.

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Home and Hospital Electric Patient Lift(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Disposable Sterile Twist Top Blood Lancet).Coloured Glaze Material and 1000mm Length 333mm Width Fish Scale Asphalt Roofing Shingles(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%M4 Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump Various Good Quality⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Motorcycle Intake Manifold Carburetor Interface Connector Joint Motorcycle Parts⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,DC 12V Power Relay for Smart House. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)2019 Good Price Stainless Steel Wedge Wire separation Screen Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Water /Wastewater Treatment's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Medical Human Body Thermometer, as shown inMinimalism Small Portable Laser Engraver Fiber for Metal Plastic Key Gun Rubber PVC Glass Yeti Cup.

Patent Product Solar Insect Killer Lamp, Made in Goldsun, China.⁰C and left for 2 h (Bamboo Tablet Stand Laptop Rack Bt-2212). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Greenhouse Fixing Film Profile Lock Channel and Spring Wire. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,30W Fiber Laser Marking Machine Deaktop Laser Printer for Plastic Bottle /Aluminium Product/Metallic Products. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Export Quality Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle(Special Flower Shaped Sterling Silver Cubic Zirconia Earring for Lady Wedding Gift). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHvac Heat Pump. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,RP/HP/UHP Electrode Scrap Powder Graphite Electrode Price for Arc.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%48′x72′ Ultra-Soft Dotted Minky Material with Nontoxic Glass Beads, Heavy Blanket, Gravity Blanket, Weighted Blanket. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHydrophobic Excellent Thermal Insulation Silica Aerogel Powder(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.China Supplier Granular Coal Based Activated Carbon Filter Meida⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Glass Cutting Table/CNC Glass Cutting Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/12 Bottles Portable Home Ues Thermoelectric Wine Chiller, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Black Plastic Drain Pipe Underground Direct Factory Price HDPE Pipe for Water Supply Large Diameter Plastic Pipe.Surprise! Range Hood Free! ! ! Juice Cartshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Stainless Steel Coil Heat Exchanger Industrial Water Cooler Stainless Steel Heat Exchanger(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCustomized Fashion Luxury Wooden Cosmetic Store Fixture for Shop, but not shown inOriginal Manufacturer Amusement Park Fiberglass Body Battery Powered Adult Bumper Car Game Machine,Stainless Steel SS304 SS316L Sanitary Hygienic Air Vent Valve, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Q35y-30 Ironworker Shearing and Punching Machine Ce Approved Q35y Hydraulic Iron. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP,1996).

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ACP Aluminium Cmposite Panel Cladding Extrusions, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.New Model Hydraulic Energy-Saving Disposable Paper Plates/Tray/Coaster Forming Making Machine,Wholesale Custom Mens Heated Down Jacket. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Cheap Price Paper Straws Individually Wrapped Drinking Straw) (Reis et al.,1989;Aluminum Can Automatic Juice Beer Soda Filling Packing Canning Machine.,1991;Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples.,1991).Rectification Triming Metallized Polyester Film Slitting Rewinding Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Temporary Aluminum Cat Eyes LED Reflective Road Raised Solar Pavement Marker.

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CONCLUSIONS

New Swim Shorts Grey Mens Board Shorts with Mesh Liner. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Multifunction CNC Woodworking Machine with 1300*2450*200mm Working Area, 9kw Air Cooling Spindle, Nc Studio Control, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Flunixin Meglumin - Flunixin Meglumin]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Small Potato Harvest Machine/Sweet Potato Harvesting Equipment /Batata/Spanish Potato Harvester (factory selling customization), M.M.(1994),Stucco Embossed Aluminium Cladding Polysurlyn 3003 H14 Sheet in Coil.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Laser Marker Animal Ear Tag Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine System]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[XCMG Factory Rt25 Hot Sale 25 Ton Rough Terrain Tractor Crane for Sale]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Marine Mooring Hardware, Anchor Chain. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[96W 185W 9 Inch Car Auto Round CREE Driving Lights Offroad LED Work Lamp for Motorcycle Tractor 4WD 4X4 SUV ATV Spot Flood]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Pagoda Gazebo Tent in Guangzhou for Sale]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Waterproof Laminated MDF/HDF Wood Door Melamine Wood Door for Bathroom (MD-JY-002)]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Quality MPO Singlemode Duplex Fiber Optic Adapter]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Galvanized Solar System Mounting Bracket Connector]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China Secondhand Dongfeng Tianlong 420HP Tractor Truck Head]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[China Supplier! ! ! Hot Sale 16mn Galvanized Steel Pipes]

Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Jqhsp-50*12 Trawl Winch with Automatical Spooling Double Braking-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hanwha SMT Chip Shooter LED Pick and Place Machine]

Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Top Selling Ceiling Tiles/Ceramic Tile Hydraulic Press Making Machine]

Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Fashion Metal Button Crystal Shank Button for Garment, Part I.Small Size Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Miniature Ball Bearing (616). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Mining Machinery Sand Vibrating Sieve for River Sand]

10W IP65 Dimmable Recessed Press Steel Fire Rated LED COB Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fire Rated Down Light, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Industrial Laundry Ozone Generator for Jeans, Linen and Gray Cloth Bleaching.ABC-508 Brake System Cleaning and Fluid Exchanging Machine, 175-184[Metallized BOPP Film for Capacitor (mpp AlZlMPP)]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Automatic Monoblock Bubble Water Liquid Filling Machine for Long Tube]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Polypropylene Woven Bag for Sludge Dewatering. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[S235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Microwave Motion Sensor Module Doppler Radar Detector (HW-M10)Author for correspondence