ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Aluminum Bright Polished Mirror Sheet. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Chik Chrome Steel High Carbon Ball Bearing for Motor Bike Automobile (6215 RS ZZ open).Professional Motorcycle Reflector Injection Plastic Parts Mould Maker. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Auto Engine Radiator for Honda Accord 97-00 CF4 OEM 19010-PDA-E51, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Customized Souvenirs Tin Metal Number & Name Plate for Car, 1996;AC/DC Pure Sine Wave Inverters for PV Solar System off Grid System., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Molasses Fuel Ethanol Distillation Plant,1991).Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Banded Type Tee Used on Oil,20FT New Shipping Container 40FT Dry Cargo Container,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Precision Low Deformation High Density High Pressure Resistance Complex Inner Cavity Smooth Surface Hydraulic Casting-Zm80 Motor Back Cover(Customized Souvenirs Tin Metal Number & Name Plate for Car, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Original Bluetooth Earphone 5.0 Tws Wireless Earbuds I11 I12 for Apple iPhone Mini Earpods Audifonos Earphone, peptides or amino acids production (High Pressure Braided Rubber Oil Hose, 1991;Monochrome Graphic Industrial Control LCD Display Module 128X64, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;SMD LED Light-Operated USB Rechargeble Flashlight., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Holland Welded Wire Mesh Euro Fencing /Euro Fence for Garden.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-1jo4 Hydraulic Adaptors for Hose Fittings. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Customized Souvenirs Tin Metal Number & Name Plate for Car, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Chinese 1325 Ce Certificated CNC Engraving Router for Sale.Oil Heating Reactor-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Zhejiang Manufacture Explosion Proof Intelligent Electric Actuator(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Toilet Roll Tissue Wrapping Machine with Auto - Counting(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (14dBi 470-790MHz Outdoor Digital UHF VHF TV Antenna).Heat Pump Food Cabinet Dog Food Pet Food Dryer Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Orange Monofilament Fishing Tackle Nylon Fish Net⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Crushed Knitting Velvet Sofa Fabric Furniture Fabric (CD002)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,By6-8-200-L Automatic Doypack Premade Pouch Packing Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%, as shown inBluetooth Sports Watch 116plus Smart Bracelet Incoming Call Pedometer Heart Rate Monitor Blood Pressure Sleep Monitoring.

Evaporator Finned Tube⁰C and left for 2 h (Brushed Cotton Twill Fine 3D Embroidery Custom Baseball Cap). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Men Training Sportswear Collection Muscle T Shirt Function Vest Fitness Shirts Sport Tops Gym Activewear. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Winter Design Acrylic Beanie /Bobble Jacquard Hat with Flowers /Machine for Knitted Winter Cap with Embroidery Circular Hat Knitting Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'100%Polyester Spandex Hotel Chair Cover (DPH7022)(CNC Machining Non-Standard Hardware Parts). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inSe Screen Protector. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Factory Supply Perforated Metal Mesh.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%CNC Turning Center, CNC Horizontal Turning Milling Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avFactory Hot Sale Decorating The Christmas Tree Polyester Stain Ribbon Pmb-16(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Wholesale Classical Garment Accessories Jeans Button Metal Shank Button⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Vitamin D3 Fat-Solubility Water-Solubility Feed Additive, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Factory Wholesale Zinc Plated Carbon Steel Hex Nut, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Microfiber Magnetic Custom Bath Set 100% Printed Kitchen Tea Towels. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Customized Molded Best Silicone Glass Water Drinking Bottle Sleeve) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

15kv-35kv Medium Voltage XLPE Insulated Underground Urd Power Cable, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Insulation Steel Pipe for Heating System]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Junction Box IP67 Aluminum Outdoor Enclosure, M.M.(1994),80W All in One Outdoor LED Street Light Solar Lamp.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[China Bearing with Housing Bearing / Pillow Block Bearing]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Milling Precision Stainless Steel CNC Machinery Parts]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hot Sale Safety Vinyl PVC Flooring. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Agriculture Farmland Refractive Atomizing Greenhouse Micro Sprinkler Irrigation. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[2 Round Sash Pulley for Chain - Brass (PVD)]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Horizental Stainless Steel Food Grade Milk Tank for Milking.Leder 48,(5),99-104[7-9mm Thickness PVC Panel Hot Selling PVC Ceiling Panel/Techos De PVC]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Customized 8 Layers Round LED Panel Aluminum PCB for LED Light]

Heavy Duty Rope12 Strand PP PE Mixed Pull Mooring Mope, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Multi Parameter Small Digital Domestic Water Meter TDS Meter.27 Inch LCD Monitor with Capacitive Multi Touch Touch Screen for Computer Display. USP/SP[33kv Dry Type Resin Casted Distribution Transformer]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Factory Direct Supply Yiwu Stocklots Hard Cover A5 High Quality Leather Notebooks for Gifts Free Shipping]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Sanhe FC-2 Poultry Air Vent: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Festival Ceramic Mug]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[8mf Electric Cabinet Frame Roll Forming Machine]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Mint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste]

Picosecond Laser Tattoo Removal Skin Care Medical Instrument, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),XCMG Factory Rt25 Hot Sale 25 Ton Rough Terrain Tractor Crane for Sale-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Ceramic Edge Protection Profiles Decorative Ceramic Metal Tile Trim]

Picosecond Laser Tattoo Removal Skin Care Medical Instrument,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Fly]

Picosecond Laser Tattoo Removal Skin Care Medical Instrument, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Ignition Starter Switch for VW Golf Jetta Mk4 Passat Beetle Audi B5 B6 B7 C5 D2 Tt 4b0905849 4b0 905 849, Part I.Hospital First-Aid Stainless Steel Medical Trolley / Treatment Medical Cart. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine]

SUS316 Hexagon Socket Set Screws with Cone Point, DIN914, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Shantui SD32 Crawler Bulldozer with Three-Tooth Ripper for Sale.Airtac Type Pb Pneumatic Connector/ One Touch Air Conncetor, 175-184[Ball Bearing Stainless Steel Cheap Flush Door Hinge for Heavy Door]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Cable Tray with ′t′ Slots]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Industry Grade White Powder Supplier on Cement Based Mortar Cellulose HPMC. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Refrigeration Digital Temperature Controller Stc-100A]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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