ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display.Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth, 1996;Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Industrial Digital Probe Thermometer Infrared Thermometer with Good Prices Temperature of Laser Wt900 -50 to 750 Celsius,1991).ANSI/Ssfi & AS/NZS Ringlock Certified Lattice Girder Beam Scaffolding for Construction. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge,3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,White/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile(Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Hot Sale 100% Polyester Cartoon Kids Sleepwear, peptides or amino acids production (Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain, 1991;Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/Wastewater, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf.Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould Molding Nylon PP Injection(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Hot Sale Safety Vinyl PVC Flooring).Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights, as shown inTianjin Manufacturer PTFE Coated Butterfly Valve.

Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles⁰C and left for 2 h (Wholesale New Fashion Leather Bag Lady Handbag Crossbody Bag). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module(Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCustom Metal Enclosure Steel Cabinet Metal Server Rack. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avFull Automatic Tomato Ketchup Sauce Sachet Packaging Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Solar Power Outdoor Garden Path Yard Ball Light Lamp Lawn RoadandTelescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop. Enzymatic (Patent LED Tri-Proof light Fixture 30W, 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved)Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production Line(sulfuric acid)Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck(Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration.Biomass Drum Wood Chipper with Competitive Priceshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHot DIP Galvanized Metal Stillages Steel Storage Pallet Converter Rack with Removable Posts, but not shown inRoll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh,Commercial Use Click Lock Standard Spc Vinyl Plank Flooring, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Customized Fashion Luxury Wooden Cosmetic Store Fixture for Shop. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

12X2 6p Abrasive Non Woven Polishing Polyurethane Polishing Pad. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Water Filter System Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment System, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Galvanized Chain Link Fence Wire Mesh]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Vertical CNC Milling Machine (Bed Type CNC Milling Machine XK7136C), M.M.(1994),Cabinet Shelf Support Pin Furniture Hardware Fittings.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Prompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Reasonable Price High Quality Nylon Cable Gland. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Summer White Plastic Handheld Battery Operated Portable Rechargeable Mini Fan. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Disposable Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Tube.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Spring Loaded Check Valve]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Spare Parts for Caterpillar Construction Machinery]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[90d Saf2205 Duplex 2205 Seamless Stainless Steel Dn50 Elbow]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-New Fashion Ladies Genuine Leather Flat Loafers Shoes with Flower 1126: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Colorful Boys Outdoor Flat Beach Sandal with PU Upper and TPR Outsole]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Combine Harvester Spare Parts]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[36PCS LED Gold Matrix Stage Zoom Light]

Original Auto Parts 612600081334 Wg9100590031 Wg16422401020 for China HOWO Trucks, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Counter-Clip Fluorine-Lined Butterfly Valve-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Glow Powder for Luminous Coating]

Original Auto Parts 612600081334 Wg9100590031 Wg16422401020 for China HOWO Trucks,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Original Auto Parts 612600081334 Wg9100590031 Wg16422401020 for China HOWO Trucks]

Original Auto Parts 612600081334 Wg9100590031 Wg16422401020 for China HOWO Trucks, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:DC Brushless Motor for CNC Machine with ISO9001, Part I.Factory Sale 25ton Sinotruk HOWO 6X4 371HP Tractor Head Truck. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Biodegradable Kraft Paper Soup Cup Instant Noodles Bowls with Lids]

Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Manufacturer Customized Plastic Injection Molding.Automatic Multi-Lane Fill Sealing Packing/Packaging Machine for Coffee Milk Tea Powder (MLP-480-04/MLP-480-06/MLP-480-08), 175-184[DIAMOND SEGMENTS]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Quality Welding Structure]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Pneumatic Electric Manual Stainless Steel Sanitary Butterfly Valve. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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