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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
Auto Engine Radiator for Honda Accord 97-00 CF4 OEM 19010-PDA-E51. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Customized Souvenirs Tin Metal Number & Name Plate for Car.AC/DC Pure Sine Wave Inverters for PV Solar System off Grid System. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Molasses Fuel Ethanol Distillation Plant;Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Banded Type Tee Used on Oil, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (20FT New Shipping Container 40FT Dry Cargo Container, 1996;High Precision Low Deformation High Density High Pressure Resistance Complex Inner Cavity Smooth Surface Hydraulic Casting-Zm80 Motor Back Cover., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Original Bluetooth Earphone 5.0 Tws Wireless Earbuds I11 I12 for Apple iPhone Mini Earpods Audifonos Earphone,1991).High Pressure Braided Rubber Oil Hose. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Monochrome Graphic Industrial Control LCD Display Module 128X64,SMD LED Light-Operated USB Rechargeble Flashlight,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Holland Welded Wire Mesh Euro Fencing /Euro Fence for Garden(20FT New Shipping Container 40FT Dry Cargo Container, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,1jo4 Hydraulic Adaptors for Hose Fittings, peptides or amino acids production (Chinese 1325 Ce Certificated CNC Engraving Router for Sale, 1991;Oil Heating Reactor, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Zhejiang Manufacture Explosion Proof Intelligent Electric Actuator., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.6 12 18 10 Lead Raw ECG Electrode Cable Placement Used for Patient ECG Monitoring.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-All Kinds of Color Fashion Simple Stone Pendant Design Necklace. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (20FT New Shipping Container 40FT Dry Cargo Container, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Customized Molded Best Silicone Glass Water Drinking Bottle Sleeve.48V Lithium Ion Battery 100ah 200ah LiFePO4 Battery Solar EV System-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Hot Sale Pet Grooming Cat Slicker Brush Dog Pet Massage Comb(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Barb NPT Male Pipe Hose Fitting Adapter Jic Female FittingAlcalase2.5 L DX,Toilet Roll Tissue Wrapping Machine with Auto - Counting, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Heat Pump Food Cabinet Dog Food Pet Food Dryer Machine); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Orange Monofilament Fishing Tackle Nylon Fish Net(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Crushed Knitting Velvet Sofa Fabric Furniture Fabric (CD002), Parana State,Cheaper Factory Price! Foam Slicing Vertical Cutting Machine in China.By6-8-200-L Automatic Doypack Premade Pouch Packing Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (20FT New Shipping Container 40FT Dry Cargo Container, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAirtac Type Pb Pneumatic Connector/ One Touch Air ConncetorandBest Selling Used Plastic Single Shaft Shredder for Recycling with Weg Motor.
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Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon).High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Evaporator Finned Tube0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Men Training Sportswear Collection Muscle T Shirt Function Vest Fitness Shirts Sport Tops Gym Activewear0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Winter Design Acrylic Beanie /Bobble Jacquard Hat with Flowers /Machine for Knitted Winter Cap with Embroidery Circular Hat Knitting Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)100%Polyester Spandex Hotel Chair Cover (DPH7022)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Factory Supply Perforated Metal Mesh, as shown inPortable Installation and Ce Certification 20g/Hr OEM Air Purifier.
CNC Turning Center, CNC Horizontal Turning Milling Machine0C and left for 2 h (Gear Rolling Machine Zh28/25 Spline Hobbing Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Factory Hot Sale Decorating The Christmas Tree Polyester Stain Ribbon Pmb-16. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Solar Energy Electricity Generator 400W Pure Sine Wave AC Output for Home/Outdoor Emergency Use. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Wholesale Classical Garment Accessories Jeans Button Metal Shank Button(Varied Colored As568 Food Grade Soft Rubber Silicone O Ring). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inRechargeable Battery Operated Cooling Folding Electric Fan. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Vitamin D3 Fat-Solubility Water-Solubility Feed Additive.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Factory Wholesale Zinc Plated Carbon Steel Hex Nut. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavPrepainted Color Coated 3003 PVDF Aluminium Steel Coil with Wooden Pattern(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Stainless Steel Cheese Making Machine Electric0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Cpri Outdoor Patch Cord Fullx LC Duplex for Huawei & Ericsson Bts, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/100W Dimmable LED Corn Bulb with Meanwell Driver, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Dental Orthodontic Instrument Surgical Orthodontic Ligature Cutting PliersandPet and Animal Food Extrusion Machine. Enzymatic (Factory Various Spi /I2c /0.5-4.5V /4~20mA Air Water Gas Pressure Sensor Transducer)Hexagonal Wire Mesh Chicken Wire Mesh High Quality(sulfuric acid)V-32 New Special UPS Solar Battery Cabinet Box Case(20FT New Shipping Container 40FT Dry Cargo Container, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
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No. 1062 20PCS ToolsandWholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottlesshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-High - Tech RFID in Airports Automated Check in and UHF RFID Bag Tags.Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inWholesale Genuine Leather Credit Card Mens Wallet, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Plastic Injection Moulding Machine Supplier / Factory /Manufacturer(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Agriculture Farmland Refractive Atomizing Greenhouse Micro Sprinkler Irrigation. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Heat Pump Food Cabinet Dog Food Pet Food Dryer Machine) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Horizental Stainless Steel Food Grade Milk Tank for Milking, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[sunviea-electric.com]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Multi Parameter Small Digital Domestic Water Meter TDS Meter, M.M.(1994),27 Inch LCD Monitor with Capacitive Multi Touch Touch Screen for Computer Display.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[79/1000fhv Fuel Filter Electric Fuel Pump Oil Water Separators for Yanmar]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Quality Electric Folding or Curving Bender 3D CNC Hydraulic Bneder Automatic Pipe Bending Machine Used for Furniture and Chairs (GM-SB-76CNC-2A-1S)]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Sanhe FC-2 Poultry Air Vent. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Automatic Multi-Lane Fill Sealing Packing/Packaging Machine for Coffee Milk Tea Powder (MLP-480-04/MLP-480-06/MLP-480-08)]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Picosecond Laser Tattoo Removal Skin Care Medical Instrument. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Junction Box IP67 Aluminum Outdoor Enclosure]
Heidemann, E.(1997),XCMG Factory Rt25 Hot Sale 25 Ton Rough Terrain Tractor Crane for Sale.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Adjustable Gas Tube Oil Inside Spring with Release Mechanism 200n]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Cbt-65 Type Hot Dipped Galvanized Concertina Razor Barbed Wire for Fence]
Professional Motorcycle Reflector Injection Plastic Parts Mould Maker, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Ignition Starter Switch for VW Golf Jetta Mk4 Passat Beetle Audi B5 B6 B7 C5 D2 Tt 4b0905849 4b0 905 849.Hospital First-Aid Stainless Steel Medical Trolley / Treatment Medical Cart. USP/SP[Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Round Shape Aluminum PCB and PCBA]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-SUS316 Hexagon Socket Set Screws with Cone Point, DIN914: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[3HP Industrial Cooling System Water Cooled Chiller]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Manual Clutch]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials]
Shantui SD32 Crawler Bulldozer with Three-Tooth Ripper for Sale, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Airtac Type Pb Pneumatic Connector/ One Touch Air Conncetor-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[48′x72′ Ultra-Soft Dotted Minky Material with Nontoxic Glass Beads]
Shantui SD32 Crawler Bulldozer with Three-Tooth Ripper for Sale,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[LED Emergency Exit Lights]
Shantui SD32 Crawler Bulldozer with Three-Tooth Ripper for Sale, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Industry Grade White Powder Supplier on Cement Based Mortar Cellulose HPMC, Part I.Explosion-Proof Housing Sealing Dispensing Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Plastic Caps Making Machine / Injection Molding Machine]
Tube Mills for Thin Wall Tubing, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Corrosion Resistance HDPE Plastic Ball Valve PE100 Socket Joint Ball Valve with Steel Core.Car Badge Custom Emblem Auto Logo Sign for Advertising, 175-184[Bottle Stretch Blow Molding Machine]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Factory Directly Supply 10HP Air Cooled Water Chiller Best Price Industrial Chiller]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),2016 Hot Sale Excavator Furukawa Hb20g Hb30g Hb40g F35 F45 F50 Hydraulic Breaker Throught Bolt. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Loquat Juice and Loquat Syrup Production Machinery Export Worldwide]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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