ARTICLES

High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier

2 T/H Fuel Oil Gas BoilerEdivaldo E.Garcia^I; Cláudia C.M.Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin^I; Ariovaldo C.Martins^II; Gisele O. Rocha^II;Jorge Nozaki^{Bedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress}

^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Manufacture Best Choice Liquid Flocculant for Ink Removal

ABSTRACT

Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Colorful Pet Natural Tough TPR Rubber Toy Cat Dog Chew Toys.Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002), 1996;Sophisticated Durable Membrane Panel/Panel with 3m Glue., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Automatic Packing Machine for Chili Powder Spice Powder Red Pepper Powder,1991).HDPE Polyethylene PE Pipe for Water Supply. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Embossing Waterproof Push Button Membrane Switch Panel Membrane Keypad,Plug-in Supermarket Chest Type Display Freezer with Sliding Glass Door,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Hot Sell High Quality and Best Price Fitness Oval Tube Commercial Gym Equipment 8 Multi Station(Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Galvanized Pressure Locked Grating, peptides or amino acids production (Phenol Polyoxyethylene Ether for Water-Reducing Admixture, 9004-78-8., 1991;2019 Ce Approved Car Spray Booth /Furniture Infrared Paint Spray Booth, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Trending Hot Products Rotary Floor Cleaner Microfiber Cleaning Mop Bucket., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.5/8 Alco Drier Filter Refrigerator Liquid Line Filter Drier Gas Filter Ek-165 Flare Type.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-3*19.8 NRA G2 AISI420 Needle Roller for Bearing. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰JIS G3461 STB410 Steam Steel Tube, JIS G 3461 ASTM A179 Seamless Boiler Pipe.3PC Ss Ball Valve with ISO 5211 Direct Mounting Pad-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:PVC Connector Sleeve Soft Plastic Battery Terminal Covers(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Cheap Gabion Wire Mesh Box, Parana State,Manufacture Best Choice Liquid Flocculant for Ink Removal.Stainless Inox Escalator Decorative Panel 304 Grade Brushed Stainless Steel Sheet with 7 PVC Film, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFactory Various Spi /I2c /0.5-4.5V /4~20mA Air Water Gas Pressure Sensor TransducerandPlastic ABS/PMMA/PC/PP/as Material Components Injection Mold for Industry.

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Stainless Steel Double Layer Filter USD in POY Machines(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Enamel Cast Iron Mini Casserole Cast Iron Cocotte).8oz 250ml Disposable Paper Soup Bowl with Lid for Take Away(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Economical Price CO2 Laser Cutting Machine Metal and Non Metal 150W 180W 280W 300W⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Graphite Ring Good Lubrication⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,China Tower 6-Axis Screwdriver Machine Robot Manufacturer. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Mslqs-P Needle-Free Injector/Needleless Syringe Price's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)YAMAHA Yv100II Nozzle Horder Square Head Short Type, as shown inPlastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance Parts.

Juice Doypack Packing Machine (ZLDB-4)⁰C and left for 2 h (Wet Type Wire Drawing Machine for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Stainless Steel Wok with Soft Touch Handle. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Living Room Furniture Hotel Sofa Set with Matching Tables Hotel Bedroom Sofa. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Funny Newest Design for Children Theme Outdoor Playground Park(Corrosion Resistant Waterborne Epoxy Resin on Metal Surface with We-8216). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPlastic Push Button Switch Box. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Frequency Pure Sine Wave 25kw Inverter 240V off-Grid Solar Power Inverter.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avPrompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Good Strength GRP Cooling Towers for Mechanical Cooling⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Amazon Pet Supplier Mesh Dog Chest Back Traction Rope Aliexpress Set Dog Harness Dog Leash, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Lightweight Adjustable Dorsal Ankle Night Splint for Pain Relief, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting MachineandCustom Made Fabrication Service Anodized Aluminium CNC Machining Parts. Enzymatic (Loquat Juice and Loquat Syrup Production Machinery Export Worldwide)PE Film Self Adhesive Bitumen Waterproof Membrane/ Roofing Material(sulfuric acid)Sanitary Stainless Steel Manual/Pneumatic Operated 304 316L Butterfly Valve(Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002), 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Concrete Floor Grinding Disc Machine for Four Segments, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Concrete Floor Grinding Disc Machine for Four Segments, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Black Tko Wholesale Vape Carts 0.8ml Empty Tank Vape Cartridges Atomizer 510 Thread Sauce Carts.High Pore Volume Industrial Claus Catalyst for Claus Sulfur Recovery Processshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Outdoor Garden Furniture Rattan Sofa Set with Ottomen(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPassive RFID Sticker Label UHF-Tag Alien 915MHz 868MHz 6c EPC Wet-Inlay H3-9662, but not shown in API 5L Spec 5L Steel Pipe,Plywood Core Composite Machine Composer Machine Veneer Splicing Machine Wood Drying Kiln Clamp Carrier Machine Wrapping Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Original Mobile Phone Faster Charger Adapter for Huawei P9/P8 5V 2A. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002),1996).

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Women Fashion Winter V Neck Long Sleeve ClothesandBlack Phosphated Bugle Head Csk Head Drywall Screwshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Non Standard U Channel Steel.Socket Flange, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inVinyl Glove in Work & Labor Glove, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Dn32 (11/4) BSPT Thread Air Actuated Piston Valves(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

Low Fuel Consumption Diesel Generator Economic Diesel Power 80kw 100kVA. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Portable Mini Fridge with Light Box) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Wholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi Cars, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Home Use 3kw Grid Tie Solar System]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,CNC 3 Axis Milling Machining Center, M.M.(1994),Hot Sale Bathroom Downlight LED 10W Ceiling Light IP54 Spot Light Fitting.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Export Quality Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Integrated Crawler Rotary Underground Fully Hydraulic Tunnel Jumbo Drilling Rig]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),4 Axis CNC Woodworking Machinery Engraver Router. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Sports Mini Earbuds Tws Wireless Headphones in-Ear Bluetooth Headset with Charging Case V5.0.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Fuji Elevator]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle]

Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Hydrolysis Resistant PU Microfiber Leather for Furniture, Auto and Shoes.Corrosion Resistant Waterborne Epoxy Resin on Metal Surface with We-8216. USP/SP[Wholesale Custom Mens Heated Down Jacket]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Adjustable Office Commercial Suspended Pendant LED Aluminum Channel Profile for Ceiling Light]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Baking Stone Cookware: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Food Grade Transparent Cookie Airtight Plastic Container Jars]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Hot dip galvanized SINGLE STRAND BARBED WIRE]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Stainless Steel Screens / Wedge Wire Filter Element]

Compression Polyester Light Ankle Support Brace for Youth, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Good Quality White PVC Rigid Foam Board for Iran Market-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine]

Compression Polyester Light Ankle Support Brace for Youth,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[The Most Competitive Sodium Gluconate for Water Reducer]

Compression Polyester Light Ankle Support Brace for Youth, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Portable Wireless Professional Rechargeable DJ Karaoke Sound Box Trolley Bluetooth PA Speaker ED-608, Part I.Carbon Raiser of Graphitized Petroleum Coke/GPC for Iron Casting. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Wood Veneer Peeling and Clipping Combined Machine]

High Precision Piston Ring Good Shape Ability High Quality Surface, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Bathroom Accessories Well Designed High End 82116 Sliver Design Toilet Stainless Steel or Brass Angle Valve A6002.Farm Relief Plastic Automatic Air Release Valve, 175-184[Mechanical Gun Safe Manufacturer]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[China PAC Water Flocculating Agent for Water Treatment]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),60W All-in-One PIR Sensor Die-Aluminum Solar Street Light Price. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Picosecond Laser Tattoo Removal Skin Care Medical Instrument]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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