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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
460g Good Tensile Strength PU Fiberglass Thermal Insulation Fabric. After enzymatic hydrolysis,304 Stainless Steel Anti-Corrosion Welded Wire Mesh.Custom Made Colorful Sublimation Womens Yoga Pants Wholesale. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Lightweight Garden Tools 18V Li-ion Battery Portable Cordless Grass Trimmer Electric Brush Cutter;Outdoor Garden Lamp Remote Control with Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Panel; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.New Fashion PVC Sequins Adjustable Women Brace Suspenders, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Solid Flex-Drain Pipe Length 40′, 1996;ANSI C29 25kv 1pin Hole F Neck Modified Polyethylene HDPE Insulator., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case,1991).Atl P4-2 Phased Ultrasound Transducer Probe for HDI 3000 3500. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,W11 Series Symmetric Rolling Machine with Three Rollers /Powered Slip Rolls/Plate Rolling Machine/ Plate Bending Machine/Folder Machine/,Cake/Cookies/Bread Automatic Package and Packing Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Customize Milky Extrusion PC Cover(Solid Flex-Drain Pipe Length 40′, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,European Good Quality Bathroom Simple Sliding Glass Shower Cabina, peptides or amino acids production (UL Kc CB Bis Un38.3 Approved 461730 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery for Bluetooth Earphone, 1991;Fruit Plum Cleaning Washing Machine with Brushes Spray, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Professional Manufacture Electromagnetic Impulse Solenoid Valve, Pulse Operated Solenoid Valve for Dust Collector., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.11.1V 2000mAh Lithium Polymer Battery Pack Customized Size.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Buy Mk 677 Powder Bulk Powders Sarms Mk 677, Mk677. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Solid Flex-Drain Pipe Length 40′, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Jh21 Series Pneumatic Power Press CNC Punching Machine.Coal Fried Steam Boiler for Industry with Double Drum-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Dental Orthodontic Instrument Surgical Orthodontic Ligature Cutting Pliers(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Stainless Steel Filter StrainerAlcalase2.5 L DX,Granite Cutting Diamond Saw Blades Cutting Blade, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Steel Forged Automobile Spare Parts with Customized Drawing); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose HPMC Used in Tile Cement Adhesive Production(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
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T-Shirt Clamshell Heat Press Sublimation Machine (40X60cm)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper ( Locking Hinge Pin).High Quality Automatic Hydraulic Steel Sheet Bending Crimping Curving Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Double Shaft Horizontal Paddle Mixing Equipment for Detergent Powder0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Mechanical Seal 101 Type for Pump and Auto0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Good Quality Pillow for Pregnant Wome Body Pregnant Pillow Case. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Good 0.38mm Color F-Green PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)China Soe Orthodontic Ceramic Sapphire Brackets Dental Material with Ce ISO FDA, as shown inCustomized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion.
2019 Newest Hybrid Shockproof Phone Case for iPhone Xs Max Xr X 8 7 6 Plus0C and left for 2 h (Jk Long Rope Small Electric Winch 5ton for Pulling and Lifting). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Whole Producing Line Salt Bath Bomb/Salt Tablet/ Salt Block Making Hydraulic Press Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Ipg 1000W, 2000W Professional Metal Pipe Laser Cutting Machine for 6m Metal Tube. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'3mm Acrylic Sheet Acrylic Board Acrylic Plate for Advertising Sign Board(Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLed 3d Printer. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Low Pressure PU Filter Gasket Sandal Making Machine.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Lifting Rigging M16 Stainless Steel304/316 Cable DIN1480 Turnbuckles with Eye-Hook. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavFlour Making Machine Wheat Maize Flour Mill Machinery(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Factory Direct Supply Yiwu Stocklots Hard Cover A5 High Quality Leather Notebooks for Gifts Free Shipping0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Ferrule Woven Rope Wire Mesh /SS316 Decorative Rope Mesh, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Integrated Wastewater Treatment Equipment for Poultry and Slaughtering Sewage Treatment, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Kingdomway Brand Vitamin a 1000andMetal Material and Sports Theme Custom Metal Medal. Enzymatic (Portable Installation and Ce Certification 20g/Hr OEM Air Purifier)Water Treatment Alkali Chemicals Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)(sulfuric acid)Full Computer Plain Socks Knitting Machine with High Quality(Solid Flex-Drain Pipe Length 40′, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
New Style LiFePO4 Battery Powered Electric City E-Bike, Bicycle Moped with Pedals with 36V 250W Motor (JB-TDE23Z).Automatic Transparent Film Medicine Box Chewing Gum Food Sealing Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.One Step Myo/Ck-MB/Ctnl Combo Rapid Test Cassette(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAdhesive Powder for Skim Coat/Wall Putty HPMC, but not shown inAutomatic Cashew Processing Cashew Nuts Shelling Peeling Machine,Hot Sell RFID 13.56mkz MIFARE 4K DESFire EV1 CPU Card, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).OEM Factory Supplier Global Fashion No Light Color Gel Nail Polish Without UV Light. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Solid Flex-Drain Pipe Length 40′,1996).
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Hans Factory Direct Sale Colorful Wholesale Beaded Lace FabricandClear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottlesshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Shingles Wholesale Building Material Roofing Materials Spanish Sheet Roofing Tiles.Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress for 5 Star Hotel, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inYc Pure White Nylon Powder for 3D Printing, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Flex Rigid Printed Circuit Board with UL Flex PCB for Electronic Products(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Made in China Lqa Strap Banding Tool, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.New R&D Wire Cable Feeding Winding Machine,Stainless Steel Manual Glass Kitchen Ajustable Pepper with Low Price. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (CNC Turning Center) (Reis et al.,1989;UL Kc CB Bis Un38.3 Approved 461730 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery for Bluetooth Earphone.,1991;ANSI C29 25kv 1pin Hole F Neck Modified Polyethylene HDPE Insulator.,1991).Residence Use 220V 50Hz 12kw Portable silent Diesel Generator(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Garden Decoration Marble Stone Granite Small Angel Sculpture Water Fountain.
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CONCLUSIONS
530ml Glassware/Glass Jar/Wine Bottle/Liquor Bottle/Spirits Bottle/Glass Vodka Bottle. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Steel Forged Automobile Spare Parts with Customized Drawing) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
PCB Connector Pin Connector 1.0 Pitch Dual Row Pin Header, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Self-Adhesive Shipping Labels in Sheet]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Sdlg LG936L Wheel Loader Spare Parts 4041000687 Hose Assembly, M.M.(1994),Galvanized Roller Shutter Window Torsion Springs.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Concrete Cure Spray Concrete Curing Agent]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-100 Ton 200 Ton Bending Cutting Straightening Machine H Frame Hydraulic Press for Sale. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Carbon Graphite Crucible. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Pet and Animal Food Extrusion Machine]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Decorative Aluminum Solid Panel for Commercial Building.Leder 48,(5),99-104[I11 Tws Mini Headphones Bluetooth Earbuds in-Ear Headsets Sports Earphone]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Level Application Waterproof Plastic Box]
Stainless Steel Barbecue Net BBQ Grill Grates Wire Mesh, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Cummins ISBE truck diesel engine motor parts 3940059 camshaft bushing.Di DIN3352 Double Orifice Automatic Air Release Valve Dn65. USP/SP[Kara Two-Way Dual 8′′ Line Array PRO Audio System Powerful PA Speaker]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[QJ-M Moving small manual brick making machine with low cost]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Magic Hair Twist Curl Sponge Brush: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Biogas/Methane Purification System/Desulfurization/Scrubber Tower]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Truck Cover Tarpaulin Side Curtain]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Galvanized Pressure Locked Grating]
Clearing Clogged Effectively Pipe Drain Cleaning Machine (A75), M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Geyi Disposable Laparoscopic Visible Optical Trocar-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Professional Hot Selling Full Automatic Artificial Nutritional Rice Making Machine]
Clearing Clogged Effectively Pipe Drain Cleaning Machine (A75),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Factory Sale 25ton Sinotruk HOWO 6X4 371HP Tractor Head Truck]
Clearing Clogged Effectively Pipe Drain Cleaning Machine (A75), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Customized Plastic Items Access Flap Cover Cap Plastic Injection Moulding, Part I.Bimetallic Thermometer Industrial Temperature Gauge. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Various Types of Plastic Hooks Mould From Manufacturers]
19 Network Cabinet with Lockable Rear Door, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Automatic Blow Molding Pet Bottle Making Semi Auto Blower Perform Making Bottle Machinery.175mm Diamond Cutting Blade for Granite&Tiles, 175-184[Stainless Steel 316 Material Wafer Butterfly Valve with Gear Opreated]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Unisex 100% Cotton Blank Sweatshirt with Hood Pull Over Hoodie]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Raytools/Wsx/Precitec Fiber Laser Cutting Head, Laser Cutting Nozzle, Lasr Cuting Protective Lens, Laser Cutting Ceramic, Laser Cutting Consumables. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Auto Spare Parts for Water Pump 19200-Rdv-J01 for Accord]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Good 0.38mm Color F-Green PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated GlassAuthor for correspondence