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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Silver 8 Inch Double Thick Round Cake Board. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Precision Machining Auto Parts Metal Contact
ABSTRACT
Customized Food Packaging Adhesive Printed Transparent Film Vinyl Stickers Thermal Label. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Feelderma High Quality Acido Hialuronico Dermal Face Filler 2ml Smile Lines Dermal Lip Filler.Paper Sticky Lint Remover Roller/Pet Hair Roller. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Safe Durable Scaffolding Trapdoor Plank for Construction;China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Various Sublimation Blank Home Supply Fabric Bath Towel etc, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic, 1996;Endoscopic Multi-Band Ligator for Esophageal Varices of Medical Instruments., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Automatic Monoblock Bubble Water Liquid Filling Machine for Long Tube,1991).Best Quality Bending Metal Mould with All Kinds Metal Materials. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,New Arrivals Lattice Pattern Retro Phone Case for iPhone 6 6s 7 Plus,Milling Precision Stainless Steel CNC Machinery Parts,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails(High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Seamless Aluminum Tube, Extruded Alloy Aluminum Tube 1060 1070 3A21, 1991;Medical Waste Disposal with Microwave Disinfection Equipment Biomedical Infectious Waste 10, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;360 Degree 3D Vr Panorama WiFi Bulb Camera (PST-VR20B1)., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Three Phase a. C. Synchronous Alternator/Generator (STC 3KW-50KW).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Christmas Decoration Rose Flower LED Light String.D Section Stainless Steel Tube-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Mint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops, Parana State,High Precision Machining Auto Parts Metal Contact.New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHotel BeddingandBack Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72).
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Eyes- Caring LED Night Light for Nursing Reading with Soft Light(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Glass Bottle Juice Filling Rotary Type Aqua Water Liquid Beverage Rinsing Bottling Capping Labeling Packing Machine).China Bearing with Housing Bearing / Pillow Block Bearing(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Steel & Plastic Drums Lifters, Drum Lifters Handling Equipment Lm8000C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%The Most Competitive Sodium Gluconate for Water Reducer0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Angle Plastic Product Fiber Glass Reinforced FRP Pultrusion Profiles. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Electric Magic Hot Hair Styling Curling Iron with Brushes's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Melt Pressure Transducer (PT133), as shown inChina Gooseneck Lowboy/Low Bed/Lowbed Utility Heavy Truck Tractor Semi Trailer.
Galvanized Zinc/Aluminum Structure Steel Square Tube/ Round Pipe0C and left for 2 h (Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8)). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody Bag. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Top Selling Ceiling Tiles/Ceramic Tile Hydraulic Press Making Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Educational Toys, Kid Eduactional Toys House, Children Educational Toys Game( Leak Proof). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in3d Color Doppler Ultrasound Florida. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Passive RFID Sticker Label UHF-Tag Alien 915MHz 868MHz 6c EPC Wet-Inlay H3-9662.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Auto Spare Parts for Water Pump 19200-Rdv-J01 for Accord. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavSany Mixing Sealing Seat and Compression Ring for Sany Concrete Pump Truck(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Waterproof Fireproof Fiber Cement Board Wall Panel/ Cladding BoardandLady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear. Enzymatic (Hotel Steel Digital Room Safes with Large LED Display)Vintage Antique Home Living Decor Ceiling Crystal Chandelier Pendant Lighting Fixture(sulfuric acid)Biogas/Methane Purification System/Desulfurization/Scrubber Tower(High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Popular Custom School Uniform Woven Badge Patch with Merrow Border.3D Lenticular Postcard 3D Printed Plastic Promotion 3D Gift Cardshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.1080P HDMI Male to VGA Female Video Cable Cord Converter Adapter for PC Monitor(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPolyamide Spandex Stretch Heavy Lycra Fabric 245GSM, but not shown inChina Safety Long Boom Mini Excavator Track Chain Hydraulic Pump,Small Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Electrical Stationary Hoist Tower Crane 500kg Motor. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic,1996).
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Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black FlangeandHospital First-Aid Stainless Steel Medical Trolley / Treatment Medical Cartshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage.Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in1080P Smart Home Wide Angle IP Camera Alarm Baby Monitor with 2 Way Audio, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Full Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing Machine,Roll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (CE/PED Approved Small Laminated Glass Autoclave (Diameter 1600mm)) (Reis et al.,1989;Seamless Aluminum Tube, Extruded Alloy Aluminum Tube 1060 1070 3A21.,1991;Endoscopic Multi-Band Ligator for Esophageal Varices of Medical Instruments.,1991).Reusable Metal Stainless Steel Drinking Straws(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Designed Steel Frame Factory Building.
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CONCLUSIONS
Detergent and Cosmetic Grade SLES/AES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (OEM/ODM Price Top Open Keypad Safe with Electronic Code Lock) for the financial support.
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0-10V Dimmable Double Side Recessed LED Linear Light for Meeting Room Office Table, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Machinist Claw Hammer]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Scouring Pads Making Machine for Brush King, M.M.(1994),Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Customized Good Quality Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Enclosure with Hinged Door]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Mass Stock Yl10.2 Carbide Rods for Milling 45HRC]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Size 000 Clear Pullulan Vegetarian Capsules]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Endoscopic Multi-Band Ligator for Esophageal Varices of Medical Instruments]
Heidemann, E.(1997),3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank.Leder 48,(5),99-104[17amirp Thermal Protector with 4 to 10 Seconds Trip Time and 3 to 30A Current]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale]
Tcn Sex Toy Vending Machines for Sale S800-10, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net.Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi. USP/SP[Self Adhesive Paper Stickers 13.56MHz NFC Anti-Theft Security RFID Label Tags for Alcoholic]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Ferrule Woven Rope Wire Mesh /SS316 Decorative Rope Mesh]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Unisex 100% Cotton Blank Sweatshirt with Hood Pull Over Hoodie: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Water Filter System Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment System]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Posco Astm 304 Stainless Steel Coil]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Durable Aluminum Flag Pole with Dome Top Tangle Free Finial]
Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Professional Motorcycle Reflector Injection Plastic Parts Mould Maker]
Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Full Computer Plain Socks Knitting Machine with High Quality]
Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh, Part I.Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Wholesale Pastoral Style Rattan Woven Decorative Storage Box Basket]
Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable.Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats, 175-184[www.sinoriseind.com]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Professional Factory Supply Design Cat Tree Pet Product]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[PRO Audio Loudspeaker PA Speaker System Line Array Speaker]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Automatic Packing Machine for Chili Powder Spice Powder Red Pepper PowderAuthor for correspondence