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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Disposable PS Foam Fast Food Box Making Machine. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A)
ABSTRACT
Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples.Best Selling Counter Balance Forklift 3 Ton LPG Forklift Truck. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Hotel SPA Swimming Pool, Sport Room, Bathroom Towel;Powerful Cleaning Colorful Scouring Pad for Kitchen Use; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.500t Plywood Hot Press Woodworking Machine (12-25 layers), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap, 1996;Full Automatic 4000b/h 500ml Plastic Jar Making Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Aluminum Can Automatic Juice Beer Soda Filling Packing Canning Machine,1991).5L, 8L, 10L, 20L, 50L, 100L Laboratory Cone Shape Dry Powder Mixer /Blending /Mixing /Blend /Blender Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,PCB18h 8p8c Modular Plug with Shield Head RJ45 Connector,Hermetic Sliding Lead Door, X Ray Room Door,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Laundry Used Gas Water Heater with CE/Asme Certificate(10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp, peptides or amino acids production (2019 Hot Sales Comfortable Mesh Chair Computer Staff Chair Ow-J219b, 1991;Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hnx Wholesale High Quality Metal Brass Standard Nutsert Lock Nut., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh/Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Home Furniture Set Restaurant King Throne Wedding Banquet Dining Chair.What′s Kind of Machine for Making Organic Fertilizer Granules-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Gsjl 91/1 Multibar Computerized Jacquard Warp Knitting Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Home and Hospital Electric Patient LiftAlcalase2.5 L DX,Coloured Glaze Material and 1000mm Length 333mm Width Fish Scale Asphalt Roofing Shingles, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-M4 Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump Various Good Quality); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Motorcycle Intake Manifold Carburetor Interface Connector Joint Motorcycle Parts(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
DC 12V Power Relay for Smart House, Parana State,Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A).2019 Good Price Stainless Steel Wedge Wire separation Screen Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Water /Wastewater Treatment, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theSummer White Plastic Handheld Battery Operated Portable Rechargeable Mini FanandDifferent Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet.
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Medical Human Body Thermometer(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer).Patent Product Solar Insect Killer Lamp, Made in Goldsun, China.(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Greenhouse Fixing Film Profile Lock Channel and Spring Wire0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%30W Fiber Laser Marking Machine Deaktop Laser Printer for Plastic Bottle /Aluminium Product/Metallic Products0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Export Quality Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)RP/HP/UHP Electrode Scrap Powder Graphite Electrode Price for Arc's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)48′x72′ Ultra-Soft Dotted Minky Material with Nontoxic Glass Beads, Heavy Blanket, Gravity Blanket, Weighted Blanket, as shown inLPG Frying Machine Natural Gas Deep Fryer Diesels Continuous Fryer.
Hydrophobic Excellent Thermal Insulation Silica Aerogel Powder0C and left for 2 h (Mechanical Seal 101 Type for Pump and Auto). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Strong Motor Permanent Neodymium Rare Earth Bar Magnet N52. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,China Supplier Granular Coal Based Activated Carbon Filter Meida. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Glass Cutting Table/CNC Glass Cutting Machine(Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inDry Deck Matrix Fountain. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,12 Bottles Portable Home Ues Thermoelectric Wine Chiller.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Ss 304 316L Sintered Ss Filter Sinter Stainless Steel Mesh Filter for Liquid Diesel Oil Treatment Filter. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavPortable Mini USB Charging Flashlight 10W T6 LED Flashlight (SYSG-190321)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Robotic Fastening Tool/Desktop 4-Axis Screw Fastening Robot /Instead of Manual Fastening0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Black Plastic Drain Pipe Underground Direct Factory Price HDPE Pipe for Water Supply Large Diameter Plastic Pipe, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Daily Use Teeth Whitening Charcoal Powder Oral Hygiene Cleaning Activated Charcoal PowderandStainless Steel Coil Heat Exchanger Industrial Water Cooler Stainless Steel Heat Exchanger. Enzymatic (Stainless Steel SS304 SS316L Sanitary Hygienic Air Vent Valve)Q35y-30 Ironworker Shearing and Punching Machine Ce Approved Q35y Hydraulic Iron(sulfuric acid)Shenzhen Yizexin Numeric Keyboard Conductive Ink Membrane Switch(10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%High-Tenacity Conveyor Belt/ Steel Cord Conveyor Belt, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%High-Tenacity Conveyor Belt/ Steel Cord Conveyor Belt, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Hanwha SMT Chip Shooter LED Pick and Place Machine.Multifunctional Solar Powered Safety Hammer LED Flashlightshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.ACP Aluminium Cmposite Panel Cladding Extrusions(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCosta Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver, but not shown in860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag,New Model Hydraulic Energy-Saving Disposable Paper Plates/Tray/Coaster Forming Making Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Wholesale Custom Mens Heated Down Jacket. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap,1996).
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Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129handSteel Forged Automobile Spare Parts with Customized Drawingshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Rectification Triming Metallized Polyester Film Slitting Rewinding Machine.Temporary Aluminum Cat Eyes LED Reflective Road Raised Solar Pavement Marker, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPotato Starch Washing Machine Paddle Washer for Potato Starch Making Potato Cleaning Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.New Swim Shorts Grey Mens Board Shorts with Mesh Liner(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Multifunction CNC Woodworking Machine with 1300*2450*200mm Working Area, 9kw Air Cooling Spindle, Nc Studio Control, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Small Potato Harvest Machine/Sweet Potato Harvesting Equipment /Batata/Spanish Potato Harvester (factory selling customization),Stucco Embossed Aluminium Cladding Polysurlyn 3003 H14 Sheet in Coil. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Fabrication Switchgear Cabinet Factory) (Reis et al.,1989;2019 Hot Sales Comfortable Mesh Chair Computer Staff Chair Ow-J219b.,1991;Full Automatic 4000b/h 500ml Plastic Jar Making Machine.,1991).Marine Mooring Hardware, Anchor Chain(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls.
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CONCLUSIONS
Cast Iron Fajita Sizzle BSCI LFGB FDA Approved, with Handle Vegetable Oil Nonstick. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (M4 Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump Various Good Quality) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Cheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable Device, M.M.(1994),Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Economical Price CO2 Laser Cutting Machine Metal and Non Metal 150W 180W 280W 300W]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[8oz 250ml Disposable Paper Soup Bowl with Lid for Take Away]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[14dBi 470-790MHz Outdoor Digital UHF VHF TV Antenna]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Jqhsp-50*12 Trawl Winch with Automatical Spooling Double Braking. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Bluetooth Sports Watch 116plus Smart Bracelet Incoming Call Pedometer Heart Rate Monitor Blood Pressure Sleep Monitoring]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Fashion Metal Button Crystal Shank Button for Garment.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Mens Plaid Flannel Shirts]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Brushed Cotton Twill Fine 3D Embroidery Custom Baseball Cap]
201 301 304 Embossed Checkered Plate Stainless Steel Coil/Sheet, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Small Size Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Miniature Ball Bearing (616).10W IP65 Dimmable Recessed Press Steel Fire Rated LED COB Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fire Rated Down Light. USP/SP[CNC Machining Non-Standard Hardware Parts]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Export Quality Flavor Fresh Ramen Mixed Noodle with Turkey Sauce]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Industrial Laundry Ozone Generator for Jeans, Linen and Gray Cloth Bleaching: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Manufacturer PVC Synthetic Artificial Leather for Sofa Upholstery Cover with Variety of Backing]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[100% Transparent No-Lead Ice-Cream Thicken Glass Bowl Glassware (SX-007)]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line]
ABC-508 Brake System Cleaning and Fluid Exchanging Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Polypropylene Woven Bag for Sludge Dewatering-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Southeast Asia Healthy Soft Integrated Latex Foam Mattress]
ABC-508 Brake System Cleaning and Fluid Exchanging Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Classical New Coming Plastic Female Sunglasses]
ABC-508 Brake System Cleaning and Fluid Exchanging Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:China Prefab Low Cost Industrial Steel Structure Metal Storage Shed for Sale, Part I.High Waist Legging Sports Bra Set Custom Fitness Yoga Wear Women Athletic Wear Set Gym Clothing. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Sx Sm Fiber Optic MPO to MPO Adapter with Flange Type]
High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Professional Factory Supply Design Cat Tree Pet Product.Agricultual Hand Sprayer/Garden Hand Sprayer /Home Hand Sprayer (TF-01F), 175-184[Nickel Plated Copper Wires]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Rotary Vibrating Screen/Sieve/Sifter/Griddle Machine]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Peb Steel Structure Building Materials H-Section I Beam Steel. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Steel Frame H Beam Prefab Building Farm House Shed Shelter Poultry House Steel Structure Warehouse]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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