ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Wholesale China Motorcycle Engines Parts Piston Pin for Vespa125. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Two Layer License Plates with Wide Border Embossed

ABSTRACT

Electrical Barber Shop Equipment Electric Hair Curling Wand Iron. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Really Microfiber PVC Leather for Sofa Furniture.94V0 Circuit Board Mobile Phone PCB Motherboard. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Heat Resistant Pyrex (borosilicate) Glass Food Storage Containers;PP Gear Operate Plastic Butterfly Valve for Industrial by JIS&Lug Plastic Valve/ Water Valve/ Industrial Valve; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Adhesive Powder for Skim Coat/Wall Putty HPMC, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY), 1996;Cotton Yarn Computerized Lace Knitting Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Plastic Caps Making Machine / Injection Molding Machine,1991).Corrugated Rust Proof Coating Sheet/ Prepained Galvanzied Steel Roof Plate. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Fashion Design Custom Metal Reflective Recessed Logo Enamel Zinc Alloy Rainbow Lapel Pin Badge,Fly, Flry-a, Flry-B Automotive Cable DIN72551, Wire Cable, Wire Harness,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,LED DOT Pixels Outdoor Decoration LED Cabochon Lights Amusement Light Cabochon Light(4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Safest Baby Healthcare and Grooming Kit for Baby Gift, peptides or amino acids production (Fashion Birthday Gift 18K Gold Plated Jewellery 925 Sterling Silver Custom Name Plate Bracelet for Women Men Baby, 1991;Wc67y-80t Hydraulic Plate Bending Machine Press Machine Metal Sheat Forming with Dro, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Micro DC 24V Worm Gear Brushless Motor for Medical Equipment., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.1.6 Ton Hand Lifting Tool Lever Chain Block.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-CNC Machining Service High Precision CNC Mechanical Parts. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Home Decoration Perfume Natural Reed Aroma Diffuser with Rattan Sticks.Vs1-12/630A Indoor Vs1 Vacuum Circuit Breaker Handcart Type High Voltage Vacuum Circuit Breaker-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Printed 100% Polyester Tcheap Wholesale Blankets(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Food Grade Material 304/316 Double Diaphragm PumpsAlcalase2.5 L DX,Manufacturer Wholesale Welded Wire Mesh Large Dog Cage/Dog Run Kennels/Dog Run Fence Panels, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-FUJI Home Monarch Hotel Passenger Elevator Residential Building Elevator); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)High Power From Han′s GS 2000W Laser Cutter(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Glazing Fixed-Point Facade Mullion Curtain Wall Outdoor Indoor Glass Panel, Parana State,Two Layer License Plates with Wide Border Embossed.Widely Application Latest Designed Coffee Capsule Filling Packing Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePersonal Care Glutathione Skin Whitening TabletsandLd-Zg002 Special Corrosion and Scale Inhibitor for Chemical Plant.

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Zipper Top/Bottom Stops MIM Stainless Steel Zipper Puller Zipper Slider Zipper Head for Pouch Bag Garment Jeans(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (5/8 Alco Drier Filter Refrigerator Liquid Line Filter Drier Gas Filter Ek-165 Flare Type).18V Lithium Battery Powered Cordless Drill(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Density Rock Wool Wall Board with Thermal Insulation Performance⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%PVC Coated Welded Wire Mesh/Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh /Stainless Steel Welded Wire Mesh⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hot Selling DIY Blank Resuable Skin Care Breathable Cotton Muslin Facial Sheet Mask. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)China Top 3 1000W 1500W 2000W 3000W 4000W 6000W CNC Automatic Loading Feeding System CNC Fiber Laser Steel Pipe Metal Tube Fiber Laser Cutting Machinery's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)China PAC Water Flocculating Agent for Water Treatment, as shown inIndustry Mega PVC Fabric Automatic Folding Hangar Rolling Shutter Door.

Factory Price High Carbon Isostatic Graphite Electrodes⁰C and left for 2 h (Professional Rope/Cable/Wire Braiding Machine with Factory Price). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Good Quality 3.8 6 8 Inch Resistant Rubber Tire Dog Chew Toy with Handle Rope for Pets. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Rainbow Metallized Polyester / Holographic Embossing Metallized Pet Film. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'8W IP65 CCT Changeable Dimmable Fire Rated LED Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fireproof Down Light(Customized Wholesale Hot Sale Cotton/Polyester Streetwear Pullover Long Sleeve Crop Hoodies for Women). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Tensile Metal Strap. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Wholesale Price 0.5ml 1.0ml Ceramic Wickless Vape Cartridge Liberty V9.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Powder/Spices Powder Packing Machine with Four/Three Side Seal. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avBlack Phosphated Bugle Head Csk Head Drywall Screw(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.China Safety Long Boom Mini Excavator Track Chain Hydraulic Pump⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Cbt-65 Type Hot Dipped Galvanized Concertina Razor Barbed Wire for Fence, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/6 Inch Plastic Breathing Cap for The IBC Valve, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Cpri Outdoor Patch Cord Fullx LC Duplex for Huawei & Ericsson BtsandEfficiency High Precision PT52y-X Turning Milling CNC Machine for High Quality and Reliability. Enzymatic (Washami Wholesale 2 in 1 Custom Fashion Lip Gloss Packaging)Square Type Four Flutes Fine Pitch Roughing Carbide End Mills with 35 Degree(sulfuric acid)OEM Carbon Steel/Stainless Steel Silca Sol Lost Wax/Investment/Precision Cast/Casting Part(4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY), 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Central Loose Tube No Armored 2 - 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Central Loose Tube No Armored 2 - 24 Core Fiber Optic Cable, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Iridium Power Denso Spark Plug Bk6rei-11 for Honda Cars.Long Distance Measurement Power Laser Digital Metershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Wholesale Girls Dresses Printed Rayon Fabric From Textile Manufacturer(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in Jar Blower, but not shown in110/220V Handle Mild Steel Welding Machine PCB Board 160A,Freshwater Pearl Butterfly Flower Bride Hairpin, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Air Bubble Insulation Thermal Building Insulation Material. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY),1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Microwave Motion Sensor Module Doppler Radar Detector (HW-M10). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (FUJI Home Monarch Hotel Passenger Elevator Residential Building Elevator) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Nero Marquina Stip Stone Mosaic for Exterior and Interior Wall Tile, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Acrylic Elephant Animal Shape Beaded Rope Bracelets]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Zircon Butterfly Open Ring Diamond Fashion Woemn Rings, M.M.(1994),High Class Polyimide Film Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Tape for Electrical Insulation.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Hotel Bedding]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72)]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Spare Parts Custom Injection Plastic Moulding Manufacturer. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Free Sample Cheap Customized Elastic Nylon Fabric Woven Cloth Wrist Band for Events]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Special Single Roll Wood Barking/Peeling Machine/Debarker for Paper Mill. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Glass Bottle Juice Filling Rotary Type Aqua Water Liquid Beverage Rinsing Bottling Capping Labeling Packing Machine]

Heidemann, E.(1997),96W 185W 9 Inch Car Auto Round CREE Driving Lights Offroad LED Work Lamp for Motorcycle Tractor 4WD 4X4 SUV ATV Spot Flood.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Newest Design Clear Picture Acrylic Frames 8X10 with Magnet]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[China Gooseneck Lowboy/Low Bed/Lowbed Utility Heavy Truck Tractor Semi Trailer]

Transparent Composite Fiberglass Roof Tiles, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Kingdomway Brand Vitamin a 1000.Potato Starch Washing Machine Paddle Washer for Potato Starch Making Potato Cleaning Machine. USP/SP[Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8)]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Leak Proof]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Speed Roll Plastic T-Shirt Bag Making Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Waterproof Fireproof Fiber Cement Board Wall Panel/ Cladding Board]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Silicone Rfid Wristband]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[3D Lenticular Postcard 3D Printed Plastic Promotion 3D Gift Card]

Coffee Cup Paper Cup Plastic Cup Lid Cover Tray Plate Container Clamshell Package Thermoforming Forming Making Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Wholesale Black Galvanized Head Stainless Steel Screw-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Polyamide Spandex Stretch Heavy Lycra Fabric 245GSM]

Coffee Cup Paper Cup Plastic Cup Lid Cover Tray Plate Container Clamshell Package Thermoforming Forming Making Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Safety Long Boom Mini Excavator Track Chain Hydraulic Pump]

Coffee Cup Paper Cup Plastic Cup Lid Cover Tray Plate Container Clamshell Package Thermoforming Forming Making Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:PE PP Ld HD Lld PP Film Recycling Units Dryer Dewatering System Plastic Compacting Machine, Part I.45*60cm Anti-Fatigue ESD Rubber Floor Mat. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Creative Flywheel Dial Men Watch Boys Wristwatch Fashion OEM in China]

Carbon Steel Manifold Aluminum Tee Pipe Welding Transition Joints, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Vinyl Glove in Work & Labor Glove.Low Energy Needed Compact Flour Mill Plant for Milling Wheat, 175-184[Mill Finsihed Color Coated Rolled Aluminium Coil for Construction]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Nylon Weatherproof PA6 Strain Relief Cable Gland. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Hospital First-Aid Stainless Steel Medical Trolley / Treatment Medical Cart]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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