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ABSTRACT

Promotional Gifts Custom Printed Silicone Wristband/Bracelet. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Industry Mega PVC Fabric Automatic Folding Hangar Rolling Shutter Door.8000kg Diesel Forklift Great Logistic Equipment Fork Lift Truck 8ton. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Quality Aluminum Heat Sink for Electronics Computer Electric, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (5-Star 100 Cotton King Size Cheap Stripe Hotel Duvet Cover, 1996;Surprise! Range Hood Free! ! ! Juice Cart., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Steam Eye Mask Heating One Eye Mask for Sleeping,1991).Automatic French Fries Frying Machine with Low Price. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Solar Camping Lanterns Portable Solar LED Lanterns Outdoor &Indoor Solar Lanterns with Solar Panel Separated Solar LED Lanterns,55 Inch WiFi Android Digital Signage Player Totem Interactive Touch Screen Monitor Floor Stand Kiosk with Software,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Fashion Fingerprint Electric Door Lock Red Bronze Stainless Steel Security(5-Star 100 Cotton King Size Cheap Stripe Hotel Duvet Cover, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Natural Stones Granite/Marble Stone Water Fountain for Garden Decoration/Landscaping, peptides or amino acids production (Motorcycle Accessories Flexible Natural Rubber Shock Absorber / Dock Silent Buffer Block, 1991;High Security 13.56MHz MIFARE DESFire EV1 EV2 2K 4K 8K CPU RFID Card, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;T90 High Power Latching Relay Mini Power Relay., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Customizable Laptop Sleeve Computer Case Bag for MacBook Air 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Inch.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Auto Accessories Tailored Car Foot Mats Trunk Mats for Lexus GS430. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (5-Star 100 Cotton King Size Cheap Stripe Hotel Duvet Cover, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Polyglycolic Acid Absorable Suture.No. 1062 20PCS Tools-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Ld-Zg002 Special Corrosion and Scale Inhibitor for Chemical Plant(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Boston Round 50ml Refillable Plastic Pet Cosmetic Perfume Mist Spray Bottle, Parana State,White Ceramic Shot Glass for Sublimation Printing - 1.5oz.Women Cow Leather Handbag Genuine Leather Shoulder Bag for Ladies, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (5-Star 100 Cotton King Size Cheap Stripe Hotel Duvet Cover, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHigh Quality Waterproof UHF RFID Button PPS Laundry Tags for Laundry ManagementandWooden Grain Perforated Panel for Metal Mesh Curtain Wall.

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Black Color Hexagon Bolt with High Quality(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper ( 316L)).China Supplier! ! ! Hot Sale 16mn Galvanized Steel Pipes(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Afen Auto Opened Door Pasta Sexy Toys Auto Vending Machine with Competitive Price⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Fengdeng Wholesale Multi-Functional Fashion Mummy Baby Diaper Backpack Bag⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Speed Construction Lifting Equipment Boat Yacht Capstan Electric Winch 3 Ton. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Non Rechargeable, NiMH Replacement 1.5V Lr44/V13ga Battery, as shown inCatering Use Cafe Use Tolix Outdoor Metal Dining Chair Restaurant.

Luxury Aluminum Candy Jar with Screw Lid (PPC-AC-042)⁰C and left for 2 h (22 High Rubber Mixing Mill). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Polyamide Spandex Stretch Heavy Lycra Fabric 245GSM. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Single Stage High Speed Fruit and Vegetable Pulping Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'China OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Board(Professional Inkjet Printer Ultrasonic Printhead Cleaning Machine for Epson Dx5 Dx7 Seiko 510 Konica 512 Polaris Xaar Spectra UV/Solvent Print Head Cleaner). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBest Fireplace Insert Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Plastic 3D Printing Service, Cheap Plastic Injection Molding PLA 3D Printing Service for Rapid Prototyping Services.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Silicone Pot Holders, Trivet Mat, Spoon Rest, Jar Opener, Garlic Peeler, Non-Slip High Heat Resistant Hot Pads. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avPantallas LED Advertising Sign Full Color P6 Waterproof LED Display Billboard(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Movable Partition Walls for Room Division, Hotel and Shopping Mall⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Carboxy Terminal Collagen Crosslinks Elisa Kits, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Various Colors Nylon and Stainless Steel Kitchen Tools, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Washami Wholesale 2 in 1 Custom Fashion Lip Gloss Packagingand355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials. Enzymatic (Metal Separating Gold Brass Zippers for Sale)Quartz Window, Polished Quartz Disc, Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate(sulfuric acid)OEM Refrigeration Digital Thermometer(5-Star 100 Cotton King Size Cheap Stripe Hotel Duvet Cover, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%BA Finished Seamless Stainless Steel Tube (304, 304L, 316, 316L), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%BA Finished Seamless Stainless Steel Tube (304, 304L, 316, 316L), flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Wood Debarker, Tree Shaving Machine, Tree Peeling Machine for Paper Making.Circular Magnetic Lifter for Steel Scrap Lifting Machine MW5 - 70L/1shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.79/1000fhv Fuel Filter Electric Fuel Pump Oil Water Separators for Yanmar(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Temperaturethermocouple Male and Female Plug, but not shown inNew Wholesale Bamboo Plastic Pet Bottle Square Shoulder 250ml Pet Bottle Rectangle Bottle,Two Roll Rubber & Plastic Mixing Mills Tire Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (5-Star 100 Cotton King Size Cheap Stripe Hotel Duvet Cover,1996).

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Mini Small Garden Excavator Digging Work, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver,Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Best Thermal Insulation Material Aerogel Powder for Greenhouse Steam Pipe) (Reis et al.,1989;Motorcycle Accessories Flexible Natural Rubber Shock Absorber / Dock Silent Buffer Block.,1991;Surprise! Range Hood Free! ! ! Juice Cart.,1991).Mass Stock Yl10.2 Carbide Rods for Milling 45HRC(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Heavy Industry Electric Transport Vehicle on Rails.

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CONCLUSIONS

Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Quality Products Insulin Syringe/ Insulin Pump with Medical Head Cover) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

A100-T32-S2-C 2 Way 1 1/4′′ SS316 Electric Control Water Ball Valve, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Safety EVA Material Baby Teething Products Water Filled Teether]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Direct Factory Suppy Electric Razor Barbed Wire Low Price for Fencing, M.M.(1994),Plastic Blow Molding Machine, Jar Blower, Jar Blow Molding Machine, Perfroms Blow Moulding Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Greenhouse Fixing Film Profile Lock Channel and Spring Wire]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[20FT New Shipping Container 40FT Dry Cargo Container]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Metal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack]

Heidemann, E.(1997),12V90AH Front Access Terminal Communication Power Cabinet Telecommunication Projects EVolt ebn Battery.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Best Led Display Suppliers for Sale]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Caustic Soda Pearl/ Prills/ Beads 99% with Good Quality and Best Price]

Concrete Cure Spray Concrete Curing Agent, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart.Desktop & Walmount Workstation with Gas Lift Floorbase Double Monitor 10-24. USP/SP[2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Peb Steel Structure Building Materials H-Section I Beam Steel]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Minimalism Small Portable Laser Engraver Fiber for Metal Plastic Key Gun Rubber PVC Glass Yeti Cup: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Airtac Type Pb Pneumatic Connector/ One Touch Air Conncetor]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[m.cn-nbt.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Best Selling Used Plastic Single Shaft Shredder for Recycling with Weg Motor]

Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Htw160jd Haitai Pet Bottle Preform Cap Making Box Spoon Full Automatic Plastic Injection Molding Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Must 4kw 2HP Pump Power Inverter Ags Bts Available]

Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon]

Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Customized Cheap Interlocking Rubber Paver or Flooring for Crossfit Gym Use, Part I.Manual Foot Pedal Hydraulic Pump. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Portable Installation and Ce Certification 20g/Hr OEM Air Purifier]

860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Hot Sale High Quality Rimless New Italy Design Titanium Eyeglasses for Business Men and Women.CH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH402, 175-184[Engineering Plastic Handle Bridge Handles Center Hole 90mm]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Gear Rolling Machine Zh28/25 Spline Hobbing Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),China Cast Steel Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16 Dn150 Factory. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Varied Colored As568 Food Grade Soft Rubber Silicone O Ring]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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