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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
Custom Made Colorful Sublimation Womens Yoga Pants Wholesale. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Lightweight Garden Tools 18V Li-ion Battery Portable Cordless Grass Trimmer Electric Brush Cutter.Outdoor Garden Lamp Remote Control with Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Panel. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;New Fashion PVC Sequins Adjustable Women Brace Suspenders;Solid Flex-Drain Pipe Length 40′; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.ANSI C29 25kv 1pin Hole F Neck Modified Polyethylene HDPE Insulator, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case, 1996;Atl P4-2 Phased Ultrasound Transducer Probe for HDI 3000 3500., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (W11 Series Symmetric Rolling Machine with Three Rollers /Powered Slip Rolls/Plate Rolling Machine/ Plate Bending Machine/Folder Machine/,1991).Cake/Cookies/Bread Automatic Package and Packing Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Customize Milky Extrusion PC Cover,European Good Quality Bathroom Simple Sliding Glass Shower Cabina,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,UL Kc CB Bis Un38.3 Approved 461730 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery for Bluetooth Earphone(in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Fruit Plum Cleaning Washing Machine with Brushes Spray, peptides or amino acids production (Professional Manufacture Electromagnetic Impulse Solenoid Valve, Pulse Operated Solenoid Valve for Dust Collector, 1991;11.1V 2000mAh Lithium Polymer Battery Pack Customized Size, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Buy Mk 677 Powder Bulk Powders Sarms Mk 677, Mk677., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Jh21 Series Pneumatic Power Press CNC Punching Machine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Coal Fried Steam Boiler for Industry with Double Drum. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Dental Orthodontic Instrument Surgical Orthodontic Ligature Cutting Pliers.Stainless Steel Filter Strainer-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Granite Cutting Diamond Saw Blades Cutting Blade(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
T-Shirt Clamshell Heat Press Sublimation Machine (40X60cm), Parana State,304 Stainless Steel Anti-Corrosion Welded Wire Mesh.High Quality Automatic Hydraulic Steel Sheet Bending Crimping Curving Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePositive Drive Turn Belt for Spiral Freezing EquipmentandYitai Die Making 13mm Beech Rotary Plywood.
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Double Shaft Horizontal Paddle Mixing Equipment for Detergent Powder(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (PVC/Pet/OPS Shrink Sleeve Used for Plastic and Glass Bottle).Mechanical Seal 101 Type for Pump and Auto(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Good Quality Pillow for Pregnant Wome Body Pregnant Pillow Case0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Good 0.38mm Color F-Green PVB Interlayer Film for Architecture Laminated Glass0C for 2 h. After this treatment,China Soe Orthodontic Ceramic Sapphire Brackets Dental Material with Ce ISO FDA. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)2019 Newest Hybrid Shockproof Phone Case for iPhone Xs Max Xr X 8 7 6 Plus's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Whole Producing Line Salt Bath Bomb/Salt Tablet/ Salt Block Making Hydraulic Press Machine, as shown inAuto Engine Radiator for Honda Accord 97-00 CF4 OEM 19010-PDA-E51.
Ipg 1000W, 2000W Professional Metal Pipe Laser Cutting Machine for 6m Metal Tube0C and left for 2 h (4X8 Waterproof PVC Marble Sheet Wall Panels Decorative Bathroom Wall Panels). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.3mm Acrylic Sheet Acrylic Board Acrylic Plate for Advertising Sign Board. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Low Pressure PU Filter Gasket Sandal Making Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Lifting Rigging M16 Stainless Steel304/316 Cable DIN1480 Turnbuckles with Eye-Hook(3 12 Strand 3mm 4mm 5mm 10mm 18mm Braided Dan Line Plastic PP Packing Hollow Polypropylene Rope). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inTea Light Candle Holder for Differnt Color. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Flour Making Machine Wheat Maize Flour Mill Machinery.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Metal Chicks Rearing Cages for Laying Hens. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavFactory Direct Supply Yiwu Stocklots Hard Cover A5 High Quality Leather Notebooks for Gifts Free Shipping(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Integrated Wastewater Treatment Equipment for Poultry and Slaughtering Sewage Treatment0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Metal Material and Sports Theme Custom Metal Medal, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Portable Installation and Ce Certification 20g/Hr OEM Air Purifier, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric ScooterandWater Treatment Alkali Chemicals Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3). Enzymatic (Full Computer Plain Socks Knitting Machine with High Quality)Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil(sulfuric acid)New Style LiFePO4 Battery Powered Electric City E-Bike, Bicycle Moped with Pedals with 36V 250W Motor (JB-TDE23Z)(in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%One Step Myo/Ck-MB/Ctnl Combo Rapid Test Cassette, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%One Step Myo/Ck-MB/Ctnl Combo Rapid Test Cassette, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
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15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal LampandDigital Programmable Ntc Temperature Controllershow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Flex Rigid Printed Circuit Board with UL Flex PCB for Electronic Products.Made in China Lqa Strap Banding Tool, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inVolvo Truck Spare Parts Fuel Filter/Caterpillar Filter Element, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.New R&D Wire Cable Feeding Winding Machine(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Stainless Steel Manual Glass Kitchen Ajustable Pepper with Low Price, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Residence Use 220V 50Hz 12kw Portable silent Diesel Generator,Garden Decoration Marble Stone Granite Small Angel Sculpture Water Fountain. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Wholesale Menthol E Liquid E Juice for EGO E Cigarettes) (Reis et al.,1989;Professional Manufacture Electromagnetic Impulse Solenoid Valve, Pulse Operated Solenoid Valve for Dust Collector.,1991;Atl P4-2 Phased Ultrasound Transducer Probe for HDI 3000 3500.,1991).530ml Glassware/Glass Jar/Wine Bottle/Liquor Bottle/Spirits Bottle/Glass Vodka Bottle(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,PCB Connector Pin Connector 1.0 Pitch Dual Row Pin Header.
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CONCLUSIONS
Sdlg LG936L Wheel Loader Spare Parts 4041000687 Hose Assembly. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Slip Resistant Corrugated Protection Entrance Rubber Floor Mat) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Galvanized Roller Shutter Window Torsion Springs, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Plastic Gym Jug]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,100 Ton 200 Ton Bending Cutting Straightening Machine H Frame Hydraulic Press for Sale, M.M.(1994),Carbon Graphite Crucible.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ COB Stn LCD Display with 8080 Interface]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Decorative Aluminum Solid Panel for Commercial Building. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Carboxy Terminal Collagen Crosslinks Elisa Kits]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Cummins ISBE truck diesel engine motor parts 3940059 camshaft bushing. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Popular Custom School Uniform Woven Badge Patch with Merrow Border]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Di DIN3352 Double Orifice Automatic Air Release Valve Dn65.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Bb Tuba Brass Instrument À Venda]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System]
L Shape U Shape Big Corner Home Villa Living Room Hotel Lobby Full Chinese Italy Leather with Manual Movable Headrest Confortable Sofa Set Furniture, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Magic Hair Twist Curl Sponge Brush.Clearing Clogged Effectively Pipe Drain Cleaning Machine (A75). USP/SP[Rear Wheel Exchangeable Aluminum Manual Wheelchair]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Stainless Steel Body Infrared Burner Good Selling Gas Stove]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Geyi Disposable Laparoscopic Visible Optical Trocar: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High - Tech RFID in Airports Automated Check in and UHF RFID Bag Tags]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light& 20W]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Socket Flange]
Customized Plastic Items Access Flap Cover Cap Plastic Injection Moulding, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Bimetallic Thermometer Industrial Temperature Gauge-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Disposable Sterile Twist Top Blood Lancet]
Customized Plastic Items Access Flap Cover Cap Plastic Injection Moulding,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Minimalism Small Portable Laser Engraver Fiber for Metal Plastic Key Gun Rubber PVC Glass Yeti Cup]
Customized Plastic Items Access Flap Cover Cap Plastic Injection Moulding, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:19 Network Cabinet with Lockable Rear Door, Part I.Automatic Blow Molding Pet Bottle Making Semi Auto Blower Perform Making Bottle Machinery. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Bamboo Tablet Stand Laptop Rack Bt-2212]
175mm Diamond Cutting Blade for Granite&Tiles, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Raytools/Wsx/Precitec Fiber Laser Cutting Head, Laser Cutting Nozzle, Lasr Cuting Protective Lens, Laser Cutting Ceramic, Laser Cutting Consumables.PU-Flex Duct Hose for Transporting Dust, Granules and Shavings, 175-184[AKD Emulsion 12.5% for Paper Making (culture]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Special Flower Shaped Sterling Silver Cubic Zirconia Earring for Lady Wedding Gift]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Euro Schuko 3 Pin Plug to IEC 320 C13 Female Connector 10A 220V AC Power Plug. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Barb NPT Male Pipe Hose Fitting Adapter Jic Female Fitting]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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