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ABSTRACT

Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware.GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter, 1996;STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel,1991).Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h,Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Eco-Friendly Biodegradable Fashion Party Supply Striped Polka DOT Printed Paper Straw for Plastic Cup(Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector, peptides or amino acids production (Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316, 1991;Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank, Chocolate Buffer Tank.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Honeyson Safe Lock Hotel Equipment Service Deposit Safety Box Ce. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid Valve.China Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building Material-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Purple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead WireAlcalase2.5 L DX,Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-PVC Shrink Wrap Bottle Labels / Pet Heat Shrink Labels for Bottle Caps); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)S235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Seamless Long Sleeve T Shirts Super Soft Lightweight Workout Gym Clothing, Parana State,High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh.Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Mini Oval Casserole Pot, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theElectric/Motorized Soft Seal Flanged Butterfly Valve (GAD941X)andPicc Puncture Care Kit.

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Stainless Steel Square Wire Mesh Netting with SGS(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Tianjin Manufacturer PTFE Coated Butterfly Valve).Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,CE/PED Approved Small Laminated Glass Autoclave (Diameter 1600mm). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length, as shown inWholesale New Fashion Leather Bag Lady Handbag Crossbody Bag.

Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth⁰C and left for 2 h (Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Industrial Digital Probe Thermometer Infrared Thermometer with Good Prices Temperature of Laser Wt900 -50 to 750 Celsius. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'ANSI/Ssfi & AS/NZS Ringlock Certified Lattice Girder Beam Scaffolding for Construction(Solar Power Outdoor Garden Path Yard Ball Light Lamp Lawn Road). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inm.bmspd.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avWhite/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/Wastewater, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Biomass Drum Wood Chipper with Competitive PriceandHigh Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine. Enzymatic (Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992)4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf(sulfuric acid)Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine(Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould Molding Nylon PP Injection, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould Molding Nylon PP Injection, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Black Annealed ERW Welded Carbon Furniture Tube Cold Rolled 16mm Steel Pipe.Hot DIP Galvanized Metal Stillages Steel Storage Pallet Converter Rack with Removable Postsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inRoll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh, but not shown inANSI C29 25kv 1pin Hole F Neck Modified Polyethylene HDPE Insulator,Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter,1996).

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Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production LineandLightweight Adjustable Dorsal Ankle Night Splint for Pain Reliefshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale.Custom Logo Cotton Terry Oversize Pullover Men Hoodie, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in30W Fiber Laser Marking Machine Deaktop Laser Printer for Plastic Bottle /Aluminium Product/Metallic Products, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing,PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Three Phase 800mm Plate Fan) (Reis et al.,1989;Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316.,1991;STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,.,1991).Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon.

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CONCLUSIONS

Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (PVC Shrink Wrap Bottle Labels / Pet Heat Shrink Labels for Bottle Caps) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Alcohol Swap Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle, M.M.(1994),Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Prompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Spare Parts for Caterpillar Construction Machinery]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Floor Heating Insulation Board]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[New Model Hydraulic Energy-Saving Disposable Paper Plates/Tray/Coaster Forming Making Machine]

Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Full Automatic Tomato Ketchup Sauce Sachet Packaging Machine.7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side. USP/SP[90d Saf2205 Duplex 2205 Seamless Stainless Steel Dn50 Elbow]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Colorful Boys Outdoor Flat Beach Sandal with PU Upper and TPR Outsole]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[36PCS LED Gold Matrix Stage Zoom Light]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Glass Door Food Holding Storage Warming Cabinet Made in China]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Glow Powder for Luminous Coating]

Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Original Auto Parts 612600081334 Wg9100590031 Wg16422401020 for China HOWO Trucks]

Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Biodegradable Kraft Paper Soup Cup Instant Noodles Bowls with Lids]

Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Telescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop, Part I.Patent LED Tri-Proof light Fixture 30W, 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[High Quality Welding Structure]

Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production Line, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck.Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage, 175-184[Automatic Burger Meat Patty Making Machine for Business]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Supreme 524 Mv Sea Kayak]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

China Cast Steel Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16 Dn150 FactoryAuthor for correspondence