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ABSTRACT

Glass Cutting Table/CNC Glass Cutting Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,12 Bottles Portable Home Ues Thermoelectric Wine Chiller.Ss 304 316L Sintered Ss Filter Sinter Stainless Steel Mesh Filter for Liquid Diesel Oil Treatment Filter. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Robotic Fastening Tool/Desktop 4-Axis Screw Fastening Robot  /Instead of Manual Fastening, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle, 1996;Black Plastic Drain Pipe Underground Direct Factory Price HDPE Pipe for Water Supply Large Diameter Plastic Pipe., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Stainless Steel Coil Heat Exchanger Industrial Water Cooler Stainless Steel Heat Exchanger,1991).Stainless Steel SS304 SS316L Sanitary Hygienic Air Vent Valve. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Q35y-30 Ironworker Shearing and Punching Machine Ce Approved Q35y Hydraulic Iron,Shenzhen Yizexin Numeric Keyboard Conductive Ink Membrane Switch,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High-Tenacity Conveyor Belt/ Steel Cord Conveyor Belt(Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Hanwha SMT Chip Shooter LED Pick and Place Machine, peptides or amino acids production (ACP Aluminium Cmposite Panel Cladding Extrusions, 1991;New Model Hydraulic Energy-Saving Disposable Paper Plates/Tray/Coaster Forming Making Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Wholesale Custom Mens Heated Down Jacket., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Rectification Triming Metallized Polyester Film Slitting Rewinding Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Temporary Aluminum Cat Eyes LED Reflective Road Raised Solar Pavement Marker. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰New Swim Shorts Grey Mens Board Shorts with Mesh Liner.Multifunction CNC Woodworking Machine with 1300*2450*200mm Working Area, 9kw Air Cooling Spindle, Nc Studio Control-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Small Potato Harvest Machine/Sweet Potato Harvesting Equipment /Batata/Spanish Potato Harvester (factory selling customization)(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Home Products 16′ Perforated Flex Pipe).Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Jqhsp-50*12 Trawl Winch with Automatical Spooling Double Braking⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Fashion Metal Button Crystal Shank Button for Garment⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Small Size Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Miniature Ball Bearing (616). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)10W IP65 Dimmable Recessed Press Steel Fire Rated LED COB Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fire Rated Down Light's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Industrial Laundry Ozone Generator for Jeans, Linen and Gray Cloth Bleaching, as shown inPortable Wireless Professional Rechargeable DJ Karaoke Sound Box Trolley Bluetooth PA Speaker ED-608.

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Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Professional Factory Supply Design Cat Tree Pet Product. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avAgricultual Hand Sprayer/Garden Hand Sprayer /Home Hand Sprayer (TF-01F)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Aluminum Oxide Non Woven Polishing Wheel for Machine⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/CAT6A FTP Patch Panel (WD6A-012), pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/LED Light Therapy Beauty Equipment for Skin Care PDT Salon Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Modern Artificial Stone Bathroom Cabinet Sink Resin Basin for Bathroom FurnitureandFamous Brand Hzs75 Modular Precast Quick Concrete Batching Plant. Enzymatic (Famous Brand Luxury Packaging Box Gift Box)High Qualified Medical Grade Thin Wall Stainless Steel Tube(sulfuric acid)3D Stereoscopic Network Structure Cermamic Foam Filter for Alumina Foundry(Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum Wire, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum Wire, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Structural Synthetic Fiber for Concrete.U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nailsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.LPG Frying Machine Natural Gas Deep Fryer Diesels Continuous Fryer(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inStrong Cleaning Bow-Tie Scourer Pad Shape Abrasive Green Scouring Pad, but not shown inTwilled Packaging Box PP Folding Box Transparent Frosted Plastic Sheet,Rubber Belt Auto Loading and Unloading Abrasive Blast Cleaning Equipment/Tumblast Shot Blast Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Automatic 200-800kg Butterfly Chicken Breast Meat Slicing Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

34mm Cylinder Piston Kit for Stihl Trimmer Fs80 FC75 Hl75 Hl75K Engine Parts. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Best Price Custom Embroidery Logo Hotel Slippers, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Pet Plastic Jar 50ml Injection Molding Making Machine Factories in China Pet Jar with Plastic Lid Injection Moulding Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Na2s2o5 Sodium Metabisulfite (Sodium Metabisulphite) for Fixing Agent, M.M.(1994),High Efficiency Fine Powder Vibrating Screener.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[50Hz to 60Hz Frequency Inverter for Water Pump]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High Quality Waterproof UHF RFID Button PPS Laundry Tags for Laundry Management. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Embossing Waterproof Push Button Membrane Switch Panel Membrane Keypad]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Plant Stands & Accessories Glass Hanging Flower Pot Bracket. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Good Use Kitchen Stainless Steel Spiral Scrubbing Scourer / Pot Scrubber]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Wooden Frame Stretched Canvas, Painting Canvas.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Mini Personal Attack Alarm with Keychain for Safety]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Metal Chicks Rearing Cages for Laying Hens]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Structural Synthetic Fiber for Concrete]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-UF Membrane Aqu160 with Competitive Price and High Quality: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Brand New Dnv 2.7-1 Standard 20FT Half Height Offshore Container]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Pipe Clamp Rail Nut]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Frequency Steel Straight Seam Pipe Welding Line/Tube Mill]

Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),43 Glass Beads Cat Eye Aluminum Road Stud-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[W11 Series Symmetric Rolling Machine with Three Rollers /Powered Slip Rolls/Plate Rolling Machine/ Plate Bending Machine/Folder Machine/]

Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Soft Baby Suites Dinosaure Pijamas Kigurumi]

Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hot Sales Csutomized Printed Shipping Address Sticker Label (JP-s041), Part I.High Precision C45 Steel CNC Lathe Parts. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Tube Mills for Thin Wall Tubing]

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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Lishui Factory High Quality Metal Rolling Ball Screw]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Food Grade PTFE Coated Fiberglass Mesh Baking Sheet. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[2016 Hot Sale Excavator Furukawa Hb20g Hb30g Hb40g F35 F45 F50 Hydraulic Breaker Throught Bolt]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Hydraulic Hose Flange Adapter Carbon Steel Forging Flange CouplingAuthor for correspondence