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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Automatic Professional LED Display Ceramic Hair Curling Iron. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,CNC Machining High Precision A380 Die-Casting Aluminum Auto Spare Parts
ABSTRACT
China Gooseneck Lowboy/Low Bed/Lowbed Utility Heavy Truck Tractor Semi Trailer. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Vulcanizing Machine /Rubber Tiles Vulcanzing Press.Belt Driven Air Compressor Parts Atlas Copco Double Hanbell Compressors Industrial Air Cooled Screw Water Chiller Low Pressure Oilless Air Compressors Low. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Protein Shaker Bottle with 2 Compartments, Leak Proof, Shaker Cup, 17-Ounce;Omni Newest Manager Desk Office Smart Office Table Office Staff Table; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.6oz/175ml Plastic Packaging Pharmaceutical Plastic Medicine Container with Plastic Screw Cap, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps, 1996;Plastic Microwave Lunch Container/ Lunch Box Plastic/ PP Food Storage., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Full-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet,1991).Oring O-Ring All Kinds of Rubber Material NBR Nr EPDM Rubber Product. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Hot Forming Pushing Elbow Making Machine,13 Inch Pneumatic Rubber Wheel Bicycle Wheel with Plastic Rim for Kids Balance Bike,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Professional Inkjet Printer Ultrasonic Printhead Cleaning Machine for Epson Dx5 Dx7 Seiko 510 Konica 512 Polaris Xaar Spectra UV/Solvent Print Head Cleaner(30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,As568 Standard Brown FKM Rubber O Ring for Sealing, peptides or amino acids production (The Chinese Factory Directly Supply Low Price High Quality Washing Powder Laundry Detergent, 1991;Hot Sale Beautiful RFID NFC Ntag213 Epoxy Card, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;200W UFO LED High Bay Light Fixture for Interior Exterior Applications., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.China OEM Manufacturers Supply 8 Person Golf Cart (DG-C6+2).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-13.4L 22.4L Inflatable Helium Tank Disposable Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Bathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels.Mushroom Head Stud Sert-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Customized Wholesale Hot Sale Cotton/Polyester Streetwear Pullover Long Sleeve Crop Hoodies for Women(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Gauge 30 Tile Red Durable Roofing Profiles PPGL Steel, Parana State,CNC Machining High Precision A380 Die-Casting Aluminum Auto Spare Parts.Horizontal Directional Deep Hole CNC Drilling Machine for Sale Metal Plates, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHome Products 16′ Perforated Flex PipeandPortable Wireless Professional Rechargeable DJ Karaoke Sound Box Trolley Bluetooth PA Speaker ED-608.
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Colorful Reflective Sticker Reflective Tape(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Hex Thin Head Nut).Concrete Spare Part Electrical System Central Distribution Box(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Bedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%50Hz to 60Hz Frequency Inverter for Water Pump0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Metal Universal Vertical Turret Milling Machine (X6323 X6325 X6325D X6330). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Quality Horizontal and Vertical Metal Universal Turret Milling Machine (X6325)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)4X8 Waterproof PVC Marble Sheet Wall Panels Decorative Bathroom Wall Panels, as shown inModern Artificial Stone Bathroom Cabinet Sink Resin Basin for Bathroom Furniture.
Vvvf Golden Mirror Sightseeing Passenger House Panoramic Home Observation Elevator0C and left for 2 h (U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.PVC Cabinet Construction Board, White 18mm PVC Foam Board. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,2019 New Portable Mini Dental X-ray Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Ss Reduced Port 2000wog 1PC Screwed Ball Valve(Strong Cleaning Bow-Tie Scourer Pad Shape Abrasive Green Scouring Pad). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inwww.jn-solarcollector.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,China Origin High Quality Food Grade Sodium Dihydrogen Citrate Anhydrous.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%China Prefab Steel Building for Garment Factory. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavDark Blue Color Texture Indoor Swimming Pool Glass Mosaic Tile(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.10 Gauge Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh for Construction Using0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Factory Inline Hockey Skate Puck, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/0.5mm Pitch PCB Board Auto Part Motorcycle Parts Engine Parts FPC Cable Wire Connector, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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Best Selling Counter Balance Forklift 3 Ton LPG Forklift Truck.Nn/Ep/Rubber Conveyor Belt for Mine /Coal/Sand/Stoneshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Hotel SPA Swimming Pool, Sport Room, Bathroom Towel(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAnodized Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh Competitive Price, but not shown inDC24V 36W Solar Fan Motor PCBA Card,Powerful Cleaning Colorful Scouring Pad for Kitchen Use, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).500t Plywood Hot Press Woodworking Machine (12-25 layers). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps,1996).
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Painting CanvasandHigh Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfateshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap.Full Automatic 4000b/h 500ml Plastic Jar Making Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in Safe Lock (AL-206), for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Aluminum Can Automatic Juice Beer Soda Filling Packing Canning Machine(Condell et al.,1993) .
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5L, 8L, 10L, 20L, 50L, 100L Laboratory Cone Shape Dry Powder Mixer /Blending /Mixing /Blend /Blender Machine, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.PCB18h 8p8c Modular Plug with Shield Head RJ45 Connector,Hermetic Sliding Lead Door, X Ray Room Door. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire) (Reis et al.,1989;The Chinese Factory Directly Supply Low Price High Quality Washing Powder Laundry Detergent.,1991;Plastic Microwave Lunch Container/ Lunch Box Plastic/ PP Food Storage.,1991).Laundry Used Gas Water Heater with CE/Asme Certificate(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp.
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CONCLUSIONS
2019 Hot Sales Comfortable Mesh Chair Computer Staff Chair Ow-J219b. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (G08p22 Newly Design Hanging Wheel 304 Stainless Steel Sliding Glass Frameless Shower Screen) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Hnx Wholesale High Quality Metal Brass Standard Nutsert Lock Nut, M.M.(1994),Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh/Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Good Use Kitchen Stainless Steel Spiral Scrubbing Scourer / Pot Scrubber]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Metal Chicks Rearing Cages for Laying Hens]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Quality Automatic Hydraulic Steel Sheet Bending Crimping Curving Machine]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Home Furniture Set Restaurant King Throne Wedding Banquet Dining Chair. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Structural Synthetic Fiber for Concrete]
Heidemann, E.(1997),What′s Kind of Machine for Making Organic Fertilizer Granules.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Dalian 24′′x68′′ Rubber Open Two Roll Mixing Mill]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Brand New Dnv 2.7-1 Standard 20FT Half Height Offshore Container]
150kg Per Hour Frozen French Fries Production Line, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Gsjl 91/1 Multibar Computerized Jacquard Warp Knitting Machine.Home and Hospital Electric Patient Lift. USP/SP[High Frequency Steel Straight Seam Pipe Welding Line/Tube Mill]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[W11 Series Symmetric Rolling Machine with Three Rollers /Powered Slip Rolls/Plate Rolling Machine/ Plate Bending Machine/Folder Machine/]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Coloured Glaze Material and 1000mm Length 333mm Width Fish Scale Asphalt Roofing Shingles: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Soft Baby Suites Dinosaure Pijamas Kigurumi]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Multi Column Load Cell 500kg Wide Capacity Ranges 20 Ton]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Tube Mills for Thin Wall Tubing]
M4 Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump Various Good Quality, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Motorcycle Intake Manifold Carburetor Interface Connector Joint Motorcycle Parts-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Lishui Factory High Quality Metal Rolling Ball Screw]
M4 Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump Various Good Quality,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[2016 Hot Sale Excavator Furukawa Hb20g Hb30g Hb40g F35 F45 F50 Hydraulic Breaker Throught Bolt]
M4 Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump Various Good Quality, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:DC 12V Power Relay for Smart House, Part I.2019 Good Price Stainless Steel Wedge Wire separation Screen Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Water /Wastewater Treatment. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Hydraulic Hose Flange Adapter Carbon Steel Forging Flange Coupling]
Medical Human Body Thermometer, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Patent Product Solar Insect Killer Lamp, Made in Goldsun, China..Greenhouse Fixing Film Profile Lock Channel and Spring Wire, 175-184[Promotion Wholesale Christmas Gifts Packing Shopping Carrier Paper Bag]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Zircon Butterfly Open Ring Diamond Fashion Woemn Rings]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),30W Fiber Laser Marking Machine Deaktop Laser Printer for Plastic Bottle /Aluminium Product/Metallic Products. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Cummins ISBE truck diesel engine motor parts 3940059 camshaft bushing]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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