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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Long Distance Measurement Power Laser Digital Meter. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Wood Fireplace Mantel Surround Electric Fireplace Factory/Manufacturer
ABSTRACT
Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets. After enzymatic hydrolysis,LED Lighted Vanity Makeup Mirror with Built-in 800mAh Battery and USB Charging, Natural Daylight, Dimmable, Foldable Esg10310.Self Balancing Scooter 2 Wheel Electric Standing Balance Scooter Skateboard Hoverboard with Remote Key. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Eko Custom Color Marked Self-Adhesive Hook and Loop Cable Tie for Wire Management;High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.New Design Inclined Plane 18W LED Wall Washer Lighting, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed, 1996;Stainless Steel Body Infrared Burner Good Selling Gas Stove., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier,1991).Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop,Manufacture Best Choice Liquid Flocculant for Ink Removal,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil(2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Colorful Pet Natural Tough TPR Rubber Toy Cat Dog Chew Toys, peptides or amino acids production (Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film, 1991;FDA ISO Ce OEM China Factory Hot Sale Custom Home Emergency Portable First Aid Kit, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Custom Fashion Cup Mat Silicone Rubber Coaster for Tea- Best Housewarming Beverage, Drink Silicone PVC Coaster Beer Drink Coaster Cup Coaster (YB-CC-1)., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Sophisticated Durable Membrane Panel/Panel with 3m Glue.Automatic Packing Machine for Chili Powder Spice Powder Red Pepper Powder-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:HDPE Polyethylene PE Pipe for Water Supply(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Embossing Waterproof Push Button Membrane Switch Panel Membrane KeypadAlcalase2.5 L DX,Plug-in Supermarket Chest Type Display Freezer with Sliding Glass Door, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Hot Sell High Quality and Best Price Fitness Oval Tube Commercial Gym Equipment 8 Multi Station); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Galvanized Pressure Locked Grating(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Phenol Polyoxyethylene Ether for Water-Reducing Admixture, 9004-78-8., Parana State,Wood Fireplace Mantel Surround Electric Fireplace Factory/Manufacturer.2019 Ce Approved Car Spray Booth /Furniture Infrared Paint Spray Booth, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAnti-Aging Outdoor Restaurant Cafe Furniture Aluminum Antique King Wedding Banquet Dining ChairandVertical Full Automatic Packing Machine for Tea Powder Pepper Powder Herbal Powder Chemical Powder Filling Machine Labeling Machine Capping Machine.
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Trending Hot Products Rotary Floor Cleaner Microfiber Cleaning Mop Bucket(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Portable Mini USB Charging Flashlight 10W T6 LED Flashlight (SYSG-190321)).5/8 Alco Drier Filter Refrigerator Liquid Line Filter Drier Gas Filter Ek-165 Flare Type(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%3*19.8 NRA G2 AISI420 Needle Roller for Bearing0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%JIS G3461 STB410 Steam Steel Tube, JIS G 3461 ASTM A179 Seamless Boiler Pipe0C for 2 h. After this treatment,3PC Ss Ball Valve with ISO 5211 Direct Mounting Pad. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)PVC Connector Sleeve Soft Plastic Battery Terminal Covers's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Eco Friendly Recycle Paper Cheap Wholesale Custom Printing Colouring Hardcover Comic Children Board Book, as shown inBathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels.
Wiiboox High-Precision Exquisite Detail Effect Printing Machine LCD 3D Printer0C and left for 2 h (Steel Wire Rope Pulling Hoist or Manual Lifting Tirfor). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Portable Mini Fridge with Light Box. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Agriculture Film for Corn Silage Wrap Baler. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Cheap Gabion Wire Mesh Box(Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inSolar Photovoltaic Connector Mc4 Connector for Solar System (PV-MC4). The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Stainless Inox Escalator Decorative Panel 304 Grade Brushed Stainless Steel Sheet with 7 PVC Film.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Stainless Steel Double Layer Filter USD in POY Machines. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav8oz 250ml Disposable Paper Soup Bowl with Lid for Take Away(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Graphite Ring Good Lubrication0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/China Tower 6-Axis Screwdriver Machine Robot Manufacturer, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Mslqs-P Needle-Free Injector/Needleless Syringe Price, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Designed Steel Frame Factory BuildingandYAMAHA Yv100II Nozzle Horder Square Head Short Type. Enzymatic (Juice Doypack Packing Machine (ZLDB-4))Stainless Steel Wok with Soft Touch Handle(sulfuric acid)Living Room Furniture Hotel Sofa Set with Matching Tables Hotel Bedroom Sofa(2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Funny Newest Design for Children Theme Outdoor Playground Park, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Funny Newest Design for Children Theme Outdoor Playground Park, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
High Frequency Pure Sine Wave 25kw Inverter 240V off-Grid Solar Power Inverter.China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RWshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inBy6-8-200-L Automatic Doypack Premade Pouch Packing Machine, but not shown in6 Inch Plastic Breathing Cap for The IBC Valve,Prompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Em4200 Clamshell Card 125kHz Proximity Card Access RFID Thick Card. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed,1996).
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China Customized Chilled Cast Iron RollandWater Slide for Indoor Play Structureshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Good Strength GRP Cooling Towers for Mechanical Cooling.Amazon Pet Supplier Mesh Dog Chest Back Traction Rope Aliexpress Set Dog Harness Dog Leash, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPTZ Camera Two-Way Audio Baby Monitor Simple Easy to Operate, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Lightweight Adjustable Dorsal Ankle Night Splint for Pain Relief(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Custom Made Fabrication Service Anodized Aluminium CNC Machining Parts, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Loquat Juice and Loquat Syrup Production Machinery Export Worldwide,PE Film Self Adhesive Bitumen Waterproof Membrane/ Roofing Material. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Yashi 42 Inch LED Multi Touch Screen Interactive Whiteboard) (Reis et al.,1989;Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film.,1991;Stainless Steel Body Infrared Burner Good Selling Gas Stove.,1991).Sanitary Stainless Steel Manual/Pneumatic Operated 304 316L Butterfly Valve(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Concrete Floor Grinding Disc Machine for Four Segments.
CONCLUSIONS
Black Tko Wholesale Vape Carts 0.8ml Empty Tank Vape Cartridges Atomizer 510 Thread Sauce Carts. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Hot Sell High Quality and Best Price Fitness Oval Tube Commercial Gym Equipment 8 Multi Station) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Outdoor Garden Furniture Rattan Sofa Set with Ottomen, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Carbon Anti-Static Polyester Antimicrobial Knit Weft Dry Fit Terry Fabric]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Plywood Core Composite Machine Composer Machine Veneer Splicing Machine Wood Drying Kiln Clamp Carrier Machine Wrapping Machine, M.M.(1994),Original Mobile Phone Faster Charger Adapter for Huawei P9/P8 5V 2A.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Metal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[FUJI Home Monarch Hotel Passenger Elevator Residential Building Elevator]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Non Standard U Channel Steel. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Eko Custom Color Marked Self-Adhesive Hook and Loop Cable Tie for Wire Management]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Socket Flange. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Mesh Bag Packing 20kg Pure White Garlic]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Dn32 (11/4) BSPT Thread Air Actuated Piston Valves.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Stacky Type Flexo Printing Machine]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[New Style Wallet Velvet Dust Pouch Custom Velvet Pouch Bag for High End Men′s Wallet]
Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Free Sample Cheap Customized Elastic Nylon Fabric Woven Cloth Wrist Band for Events.Foam Cutting 9.0kw Atc Spindle CNC Wood Engraver Machine. USP/SP[304 Stainless Steel Anti-Corrosion Welded Wire Mesh]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Disposable Sterile Twist Top Blood Lancet: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Electric Heavy Duty Rail Guided Vehicle for Transportation]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Cardboard Led Counter Display]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Desktop & Walmount Workstation with Gas Lift Floorbase Double Monitor 10-24]
Industrial Control Housing with Plate Shape (XD-CC04), M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Gld Brand Padlock Brass Popular in 5 Continents ]
Industrial Control Housing with Plate Shape (XD-CC04),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[500W Outdoor Lighting LED Wall Lamp Solar Light LED Flood Street Light with Controller IP65 Wall Light with Solar Panel]
Industrial Control Housing with Plate Shape (XD-CC04), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Low Fuel Consumption Diesel Generator Economic Diesel Power 80kw 100kVA, Part I.Wholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi Cars. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Laser Cutting Ceramic]
CNC 3 Axis Milling Machining Center, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Hot Sale Bathroom Downlight LED 10W Ceiling Light IP54 Spot Light Fitting.Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter, 175-184[Party Festival Custom Swiss German Oktoberfest Bavarian Alpine Halloween Felt Hat]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Multi Parameter Small Digital Domestic Water Meter TDS Meter]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),4 Axis CNC Woodworking Machinery Engraver Router. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Men Ankle Business Socks Hot Mens Dress Cotton Socks Wholesale]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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