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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

Multifunction CNC Woodworking Machine with 1300*2450*200mm Working Area, 9kw Air Cooling Spindle, Nc Studio Control. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Small Potato Harvest Machine/Sweet Potato Harvesting Equipment /Batata/Spanish Potato Harvester (factory selling customization).Stucco Embossed Aluminium Cladding Polysurlyn 3003 H14 Sheet in Coil. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Marine Mooring Hardware, Anchor Chain;Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Cast Iron Fajita Sizzle BSCI LFGB FDA Approved, with Handle Vegetable Oil Nonstick, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (QJ-M Moving small manual brick making machine with low cost, 1996;Cheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable Device., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set,1991).Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Jqhsp-50*12 Trawl Winch with Automatical Spooling Double Braking,Fashion Metal Button Crystal Shank Button for Garment,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Small Size Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Miniature Ball Bearing (616)(QJ-M Moving small manual brick making machine with low cost, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,10W IP65 Dimmable Recessed Press Steel Fire Rated LED COB Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fire Rated Down Light, peptides or amino acids production (Industrial Laundry Ozone Generator for Jeans, Linen and Gray Cloth Bleaching, 1991;ABC-508 Brake System Cleaning and Fluid Exchanging Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Polypropylene Woven Bag for Sludge Dewatering., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.China Prefab Low Cost Industrial Steel Structure Metal Storage Shed for Sale.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Waist Legging Sports Bra Set Custom Fitness Yoga Wear Women Athletic Wear Set Gym Clothing. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (QJ-M Moving small manual brick making machine with low cost, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate.Professional Factory Supply Design Cat Tree Pet Product-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Agricultual Hand Sprayer/Garden Hand Sprayer /Home Hand Sprayer (TF-01F)(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Famous Brand Hzs75 Modular Precast Quick Concrete Batching Plant, Parana State,New Swim Shorts Grey Mens Board Shorts with Mesh Liner.Famous Brand Luxury Packaging Box Gift Box, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (QJ-M Moving small manual brick making machine with low cost, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theNew Cisco Aironet 3700 Series Wireless Access Point Air-Cap3702e-B-K9andLady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear.

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High Qualified Medical Grade Thin Wall Stainless Steel Tube(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet).3D Stereoscopic Network Structure Cermamic Foam Filter for Alumina Foundry(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum Wire0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Structural Synthetic Fiber for Concrete0C for 2 h. After this treatment,LPG Frying Machine Natural Gas Deep Fryer Diesels Continuous Fryer. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Rubber Belt Auto Loading and Unloading Abrasive Blast Cleaning Equipment/Tumblast Shot Blast Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Automatic 200-800kg Butterfly Chicken Breast Meat Slicing Machine, as shown inHigh Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier.

Tct Circular Saw Blade for Grass Cutting0C and left for 2 h (Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Twilled Packaging Box PP Folding Box Transparent Frosted Plastic Sheet. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Picc Puncture Care Kit. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Injectable Human Growth Peptides Tb500 5mg Thymosin Beta 4 for Muscle Growth(LPG Frying Machine Natural Gas Deep Fryer Diesels Continuous Fryer). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inMTP Fiber Optical Adapter (MTP fiber flange). The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%34*25cm Office File Pocket Felt A4 Document Bag. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavPP Needlepunched Nonwoven Geotextile(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.34mm Cylinder Piston Kit for Stihl Trimmer Fs80 FC75 Hl75 Hl75K Engine Parts0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Best Price Custom Embroidery Logo Hotel Slippers, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Na2s2o5 Sodium Metabisulfite (Sodium Metabisulphite) for Fixing Agent, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Mechanical Seal 101 Type for Pump and AutoandHigh Efficiency Fine Powder Vibrating Screener. Enzymatic (High Quality Waterproof UHF RFID Button PPS Laundry Tags for Laundry Management)Plant Stands & Accessories Glass Hanging Flower Pot Bracket(sulfuric acid)Wooden Frame Stretched Canvas, Painting Canvas(QJ-M Moving small manual brick making machine with low cost, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Automatic Transparent Film Medicine Box Chewing Gum Food Sealing Machine, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Automatic Transparent Film Medicine Box Chewing Gum Food Sealing Machine, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

SPCC Material Light Gray Color 7.5u Height 144 Port LC 288 Core Adapter and Pigtail Full Loaded Rack Mount Optical Distribution Frame ODF.Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Lightshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.UF Membrane Aqu160 with Competitive Price and High Quality(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inDaily Use Teeth Whitening Charcoal Powder Oral Hygiene Cleaning Activated Charcoal Powder, but not shown inMultifunctional Solar Powered Safety Hammer LED Flashlight,Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).43 Glass Beads Cat Eye Aluminum Road Stud. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (QJ-M Moving small manual brick making machine with low cost,1996).

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CAS 9067-32-7 Hyaluronic Acid/ Sodium Hyaluronate, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Circular Magnetic Lifter for Steel Scrap Lifting Machine MW5 - 70L/1,Food Grade PTFE Coated Fiberglass Mesh Baking Sheet. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Potato Starch Washing Machine Paddle Washer for Potato Starch Making Potato Cleaning Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;Industrial Laundry Ozone Generator for Jeans, Linen and Gray Cloth Bleaching.,1991;Cheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable Device.,1991).Beverage Cooling Cube Ice Making/Ice Maker Machinery(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Waterproof PVC/Vinyl Tile Spc Plastic Click Flooring Plank.

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CONCLUSIONS

Transparent Composite Fiberglass Roof Tiles. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (CAT6A FTP Patch Panel (WD6A-012)) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Wholesale China Motorcycle Engines Parts Piston Pin for Vespa125, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[13.56MHz MIFARE DESFire EV1 2K 4K 8K RFID Keyfob]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Two Layer License Plates with Wide Border Embossed, M.M.(1994),Electrical Barber Shop Equipment Electric Hair Curling Wand Iron.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Chinese Knuckle Boom Hydraulic Truck Mounted Crane for Sale]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Really Microfiber PVC Leather for Sofa Furniture. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Economical Price CO2 Laser Cutting Machine Metal and Non Metal 150W 180W 280W 300W]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),94V0 Circuit Board Mobile Phone PCB Motherboard. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[8oz 250ml Disposable Paper Soup Bowl with Lid for Take Away]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Heat Resistant Pyrex (borosilicate) Glass Food Storage Containers.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Agricultural Machinery Farm Machinery Agricultural Equipment Farm Equipment with Crawler]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[14dBi 470-790MHz Outdoor Digital UHF VHF TV Antenna]

Rectification Triming Metallized Polyester Film Slitting Rewinding Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),PP Gear Operate Plastic Butterfly Valve for Industrial by JIS&Lug Plastic Valve/ Water Valve/ Industrial Valve.Adhesive Powder for Skim Coat/Wall Putty HPMC. USP/SP[Bluetooth Sports Watch 116plus Smart Bracelet Incoming Call Pedometer Heart Rate Monitor Blood Pressure Sleep Monitoring]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Brushed Cotton Twill Fine 3D Embroidery Custom Baseball Cap]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY): part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[CNC Machining Non-Standard Hardware Parts]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Bigger Air Volume Car Paint Booth with 7.5kw Air Exhaust Fan Diesel Fuel Burner Automotive Spray Bake Paint Booth]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Export Quality Flavor Fresh Ramen Mixed Noodle with Turkey Sauce]

Cotton Yarn Computerized Lace Knitting Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Plastic Caps Making Machine / Injection Molding Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Manufacturer PVC Synthetic Artificial Leather for Sofa Upholstery Cover with Variety of Backing]

Cotton Yarn Computerized Lace Knitting Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line]

Cotton Yarn Computerized Lace Knitting Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Corrugated Rust Proof Coating Sheet/ Prepained Galvanzied Steel Roof Plate, Part I.Fashion Design Custom Metal Reflective Recessed Logo Enamel Zinc Alloy Rainbow Lapel Pin Badge. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Southeast Asia Healthy Soft Integrated Latex Foam Mattress]

Fly, Flry-a, Flry-B Automotive Cable DIN72551, Wire Cable, Wire Harness, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),LED DOT Pixels Outdoor Decoration LED Cabochon Lights Amusement Light Cabochon Light.Safest Baby Healthcare and Grooming Kit for Baby Gift, 175-184[Hyperbaric Oxygen Facial Jet Peel]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Classical New Coming Plastic Female Sunglasses]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Fashion Birthday Gift 18K Gold Plated Jewellery 925 Sterling Silver Custom Name Plate Bracelet for Women Men Baby. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Sx Sm Fiber Optic MPO to MPO Adapter with Flange Type]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Rotary Vibrating Screen/Sieve/Sifter/Griddle MachineAuthor for correspondence

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