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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine.Seamless Aluminum Tube, Extruded Alloy Aluminum Tube 1060 1070 3A21. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Medical Waste Disposal with Microwave Disinfection Equipment Biomedical Infectious Waste 10;360 Degree 3D Vr Panorama WiFi Bulb Camera (PST-VR20B1); chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Three Phase a. C. Synchronous Alternator/Generator (STC 3KW-50KW), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use, 1996;Christmas Decoration Rose Flower LED Light String., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (D Section Stainless Steel Tube,1991).Mint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,125mmsintered Dry Cutter Turbo Diamond Circular Saw Blade for Tile,Dxz Limit Switch Tower Crane Spare Parts,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,OEM/ODM Price Top Open Keypad Safe with Electronic Code Lock(Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High-End Business Magnet Leather Ring Binder Notebook, peptides or amino acids production (Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops, 1991;New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Eyes- Caring LED Night Light for Nursing Reading with Soft Light., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.China Bearing with Housing Bearing / Pillow Block Bearing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Steel & Plastic Drums Lifters, Drum Lifters Handling Equipment Lm800. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10The Most Competitive Sodium Gluconate for Water Reducer.Angle Plastic Product Fiber Glass Reinforced FRP Pultrusion Profiles-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Electric Magic Hot Hair Styling Curling Iron with Brushes(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Melt Pressure Transducer (PT133)Alcalase2.5 L DX,Galvanized Zinc/Aluminum Structure Steel Square Tube/ Round Pipe, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody Bag); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Top Selling Ceiling Tiles/Ceramic Tile Hydraulic Press Making Machine(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Educational Toys, Kid Eduactional Toys House, Children Educational Toys Game, Parana State,Milling Precision Stainless Steel CNC Machinery Parts.Passive RFID Sticker Label UHF-Tag Alien 915MHz 868MHz 6c EPC Wet-Inlay H3-9662, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the3kw 24V 310mm Vertical Agv Drive Wheel AssemblyandTcn Sex Toy Vending Machines for Sale S800-10.
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Auto Spare Parts for Water Pump 19200-Rdv-J01 for Accord(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (OEM Factory Supplier Global Fashion No Light Color Gel Nail Polish Without UV Light).Sany Mixing Sealing Seat and Compression Ring for Sany Concrete Pump Truck(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Durable Aluminum Flag Pole with Dome Top Tangle Free Finial0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear, as shown inColoured Glaze Material and 1000mm Length 333mm Width Fish Scale Asphalt Roofing Shingles.
Hotel Steel Digital Room Safes with Large LED Display0C and left for 2 h (High Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy Sandals). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Vintage Antique Home Living Decor Ceiling Crystal Chandelier Pendant Lighting Fixture. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Biogas/Methane Purification System/Desulfurization/Scrubber Tower. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line(New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLed Voltage Stabilizer. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Popular Custom School Uniform Woven Badge Patch with Merrow Border.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%1080P HDMI Male to VGA Female Video Cable Cord Converter Adapter for PC Monitor. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavSmall Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Zipper Top/Bottom Stops MIM Stainless Steel Zipper Puller Zipper Slider Zipper Head for Pouch Bag Garment JeansandFlow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine. Enzymatic (Full Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing Machine)Roll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh(sulfuric acid)Reusable Metal Stainless Steel Drinking Straws(Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Designed Steel Frame Factory Building, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Designed Steel Frame Factory Building, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Detergent and Cosmetic Grade SLES/AES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate.Light Weight Polyester Eye Mask for Travel Airplane Hotelshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.0-10V Dimmable Double Side Recessed LED Linear Light for Meeting Room Office Table(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCustom Fashion Cup Mat Silicone Rubber Coaster for Tea- Best Housewarming Beverage, but not shown inCute Pink Cashmere Soft Plush Lining Warm Bootie,Scouring Pads Making Machine for Brush King, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use,1996).
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Locking Hinge PinandCustomized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallionshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles.Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inJk Long Rope Small Electric Winch 5ton for Pulling and Lifting, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi,Unisex 100% Cotton Blank Sweatshirt with Hood Pull Over Hoodie. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Kingdomway Brand Vitamin a 1000) (Reis et al.,1989;Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops.,1991;Christmas Decoration Rose Flower LED Light String.,1991).Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170.
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CONCLUSIONS
High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody Bag) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[www.hongraygloves.com]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware, M.M.(1994),GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Automatic Cashew Processing Cashew Nuts Shelling Peeling Machine]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Hans Factory Direct Sale Colorful Wholesale Beaded Lace Fabric]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Built-In Led Power Manufacturers Cheap Price]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Yc Pure White Nylon Powder for 3D Printing]
Best Quality Bending Metal Mould with All Kinds Metal Materials, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter.STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,. USP/SP[Diesel Generator Parts AVR Ki-Davr-95s for Kipor]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[CNC Turning Center]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Popular Industrial Sewing Quilting Machine With CO]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China Running Track]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316]
Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Concrete Cure Spray Concrete Curing Agent]
Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle]
Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder, Part I.Eco-Friendly Biodegradable Fashion Party Supply Striped Polka DOT Printed Paper Straw for Plastic Cup. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields]
Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316.Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco, 175-184[IEC320 Extension Cords]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Pet and Animal Food Extrusion Machine]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Level Application Waterproof Plastic Box]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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