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ABSTRACT

Super Precision PTFE/Teflon/Peek/Upe Spring Energized Seals. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Factory Supply Decorative Plastic PVC Vinyl Siding Panels for Exterior Walls.Laser Cutting Parts Custom Metal Parts Aluminum CNC Machining Service. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Quality Grade Carton Box Case Forming Machine, Box Erector, Box Sealing Packing Taping Strapping Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Stainless Steel Clarifier Tank for Water Treatment, 1996;Carrier Roller for Sany Excavator., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (LSAW Pipes, API 5L Psl2/X65, X70, X42/DRL, Carbon Steel Pipes, Pipeline, API 5L Psl2/ Steel Pipes, Longitudinal Steel Pipeline, Welded Steel Pipes,1991).Professional Hot Selling Full Automatic Artificial Nutritional Rice Making Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Sand Casting Aluminum Die Casting and Gravity Casting Aluminum Alloy Parts Auto Engine Spare Parts,Factory Supply Cheap Price Custom Logo Genuine Leather Mens Wallets,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Waterproof Laminated MDF/HDF Wood Door Melamine Wood Door for Bathroom (MD-JY-002)(Stainless Steel Clarifier Tank for Water Treatment, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,2400W Large Jamming Radius Military Grade Cell Phone Jammer with 13 Channels Vehicle, peptides or amino acids production (High Quality Proof-Smoke Construction Material Fire Control Fire System Fixed Rigid Metal Steel Smoke Curtain, 1991;Export Quality Flavor Fresh Ramen Mixed Noodle with Turkey Sauce, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Dry Air Generator GF Series., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Modern Artificial Stone Bathroom Cabinet Sink Resin Basin for Bathroom Furniture.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Advanced Unlocking Tool for Locksmith. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Stainless Steel Clarifier Tank for Water Treatment, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Screen Printing Materials and Equipments Screen Printing Frames.China Supplier Hard Ware Fittings Gas Spring for Tool Box-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Caustic Soda Pearl/ Prills/ Beads 99% with Good Quality and Best Price(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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AISI 201/202/301/304 Stainless Steel Welded Square Pipe(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (CAS 9067-32-7 Hyaluronic Acid/ Sodium Hyaluronate).Double-Screw Microwave Drying/Baking for Seafood Dewatering Device for Sale with Ce(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Bodybuilding Sr9009 Oral Anabolic Sarms White Powder for Weight Loss⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Underwear Hanger Black for Girl Bra Display Light Plastic Lingerie Hanger⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,PVC/Pet/OPS Shrink Sleeve Used for Plastic and Glass Bottle. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Solar Power Outdoor Garden Path Yard Ball Light Lamp Lawn Road's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Speed Copper Wire Braiding Making Machine, as shown inFactory Custom Mini Gas Powered Hydraulic Power Unit Power Pack and Hydraulic System Hydraulic Station or Hydraulic Motor.

Safe Durable Construction Scaffolding Plank for Building⁰C and left for 2 h (Metal Separating Gold Brass Zippers for Sale). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Original Manufacturer Amusement Park Fiberglass Body Battery Powered Adult Bumper Car Game Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Quality Welding Structure(Classical Type Antique Copper Zinc Alloy Plate Door Lock Handle with Mortise Lock and Cylinder (ZP159)). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inRecycled Paper Pulp Packaging Box. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Carboxymethyl Cellulose CAS No. 9004-32-4.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Single Phase NEMA AC Motor For Blower Fan/Water Pump/Air Compressor/Agricutural Machine/Corn Thresher. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avStamping Parts OEM Gold Plated Copper Piece Copper Terminal for Battery Clip(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Automatic Professional LED Display Ceramic Hair Curling Iron⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/CNC Machining High Precision A380 Die-Casting Aluminum Auto Spare Parts, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/China Gooseneck Lowboy/Low Bed/Lowbed Utility Heavy Truck Tractor Semi Trailer, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Die Casting Aluminum Shell Aluminum Body for Electrical Motor Parts / Air Compresser PartsandVulcanizing Machine /Rubber Tiles Vulcanzing Press. Enzymatic (Belt Driven Air Compressor Parts Atlas Copco Double Hanbell Compressors Industrial Air Cooled Screw Water Chiller Low Pressure Oilless Air Compressors Low)Protein Shaker Bottle with 2 Compartments, Leak Proof, Shaker Cup, 17-Ounce(sulfuric acid)Omni Newest Manager Desk Office Smart Office Table Office Staff Table(Stainless Steel Clarifier Tank for Water Treatment, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%6oz/175ml Plastic Packaging Pharmaceutical Plastic Medicine Container with Plastic Screw Cap, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%6oz/175ml Plastic Packaging Pharmaceutical Plastic Medicine Container with Plastic Screw Cap, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps.Dia. 5.5mm Bonding ND: YAG Laser Rod Lensshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Plastic Microwave Lunch Container/ Lunch Box Plastic/ PP Food Storage(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inRectification Triming Metallized Polyester Film Slitting Rewinding Machine, but not shown inPlug-in Supermarket Chest Type Display Freezer with Sliding Glass Door,Full-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Oring O-Ring All Kinds of Rubber Material NBR Nr EPDM Rubber Product. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Stainless Steel Clarifier Tank for Water Treatment,1996).

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As568 Standard Brown FKM Rubber O Ring for Sealing, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.The Chinese Factory Directly Supply Low Price High Quality Washing Powder Laundry Detergent,Hot Sale Beautiful RFID NFC Ntag213 Epoxy Card. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Quality Engieered Veneer Faced Commericial Plywood) (Reis et al.,1989;High Quality Proof-Smoke Construction Material Fire Control Fire System Fixed Rigid Metal Steel Smoke Curtain.,1991;Carrier Roller for Sany Excavator.,1991).200W UFO LED High Bay Light Fixture for Interior Exterior Applications(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,China OEM Manufacturers Supply 8 Person Golf Cart (DG-C6+2).

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CONCLUSIONS

13.4L 22.4L Inflatable Helium Tank Disposable Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Original Cummins Genuine Auto Diesel Engine Assemblies Cylinder Block 3928797 for Nta855) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Bathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Cosmetic Ingredient Peptide Acetyl Tetrapeptide-5 CAS 820959-17-9]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Mushroom Head Stud Sert, M.M.(1994),Customized Wholesale Hot Sale Cotton/Polyester Streetwear Pullover Long Sleeve Crop Hoodies for Women.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Huaxia PAR56 Color Changing Swimming Pool Light Bulb LED Fixture Pool Used E27 Compatible with E26 with Remote Control Hx-PAR56-E27]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Positive Drive Turn Belt for Spiral Freezing Equipment]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Yitai Die Making 13mm Beech Rotary Plywood]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Aluminium / Stainless Channel Letter Auto Profile Bending Machine Price]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[PVC/Pet/OPS Shrink Sleeve Used for Plastic and Glass Bottle]

Top Great Wallet Genuine Leather Purse with Coin Pocket, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Embossing Roller for Tissue Paper.Gauge 30 Tile Red Durable Roofing Profiles PPGL Steel. USP/SP[Auto Engine Radiator for Honda Accord 97-00 CF4 OEM 19010-PDA-E51]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[4X8 Waterproof PVC Marble Sheet Wall Panels Decorative Bathroom Wall Panels]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Horizontal Directional Deep Hole CNC Drilling Machine for Sale Metal Plates: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[3 12 Strand 3mm 4mm 5mm 10mm 18mm Braided Dan Line Plastic PP Packing Hollow Polypropylene Rope]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[12v Led Step Lights]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter]

Colorful  Reflective Sticker Reflective Tape, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Concrete Spare Part Electrical System Central Distribution Box-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Carbon Steel Manifold Aluminum Tee Pipe Welding Transition Joints]

Colorful  Reflective Sticker Reflective Tape,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Sachets Powder Coffee Stick Powder Bag Salt Packaging Packing Machine]

Colorful  Reflective Sticker Reflective Tape, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Bedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress, Part I.50Hz to 60Hz Frequency Inverter for Water Pump. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Motorcycle Accessories Flexible Natural Rubber Shock Absorber / Dock Silent Buffer Block]

Metal Universal Vertical Turret Milling Machine (X6323 X6325 X6325D X6330), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Quality Horizontal and Vertical Metal Universal Turret Milling Machine (X6325).4X8 Waterproof PVC Marble Sheet Wall Panels Decorative Bathroom Wall Panels, 175-184[Marine Hand Winch]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Large Slewing Rings Bearings for Wind Turbine Ring on Sale]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Vvvf Golden Mirror Sightseeing Passenger House Panoramic Home Observation Elevator. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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