ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi.Unisex 100% Cotton Blank Sweatshirt with Hood Pull Over Hoodie. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids, 1996;Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable,1991).Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall,Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter(Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,, peptides or amino acids production (35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel, 1991;Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Eco-Friendly Biodegradable Fashion Party Supply Striped Polka DOT Printed Paper Straw for Plastic Cup. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector.Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

China Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building Material, Parana State,3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank.Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theStainless Steel Barbecue Net BBQ Grill Grates Wire MeshandHigh Quality Cotton Cover with Polyester Microfiber Filling Comforter Duvet.

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Purple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead Wire(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Tcn Sex Toy Vending Machines for Sale S800-10).Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%PVC Shrink Wrap Bottle Labels / Pet Heat Shrink Labels for Bottle Caps⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%S235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Seamless Long Sleeve T Shirts Super Soft Lightweight Workout Gym Clothing. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Mini Oval Casserole Pot's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Stainless Steel Square Wire Mesh Netting with SGS, as shown inBig Chocolate Storage Holding Tank.

Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter⁰C and left for 2 h (OEM Factory Supplier Global Fashion No Light Color Gel Nail Polish Without UV Light). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'CE/PED Approved Small Laminated Glass Autoclave (Diameter 1600mm)(Coloured Glaze Material and 1000mm Length 333mm Width Fish Scale Asphalt Roofing Shingles). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Density Various PVC Sheet PVC Ceiling Panel. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avNon Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Industrial Digital Probe Thermometer Infrared Thermometer with Good Prices Temperature of Laser Wt900 -50 to 750 Celsius⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/ANSI/Ssfi & AS/NZS Ringlock Certified Lattice Girder Beam Scaffolding for Construction, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

High Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy Sandalsand3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr. Enzymatic (White/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile)Hot Sale 100% Polyester Cartoon Kids Sleepwear(sulfuric acid)Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain(Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/Wastewater, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/Wastewater, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses.New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerieshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inZipper Top/Bottom Stops MIM Stainless Steel Zipper Puller Zipper Slider Zipper Head for Pouch Bag Garment Jeans, but not shown inLight Weight Polyester Eye Mask for Travel Airplane Hotel,Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids,1996).

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High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting,ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Jk Long Rope Small Electric Winch 5ton for Pulling and Lifting) (Reis et al.,1989;35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel.,1991;Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware.,1991).Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Custom Logo Cotton Terry Oversize Pullover Men Hoodie.

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CONCLUSIONS

Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Honeyson Safe Lock Hotel Equipment Service Deposit Safety Box Ce) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Dupont Wire Harness]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing, M.M.(1994),PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Automatic Transparent Film Medicine Box Chewing Gum Food Sealing Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Adhesive Powder for Skim Coat/Wall Putty HPMC]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Automatic Cashew Processing Cashew Nuts Shelling Peeling Machine]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights.Leder 48,(5),99-104[2cm Thickness Paraffin Wax Edge Number Candle]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Hans Factory Direct Sale Colorful Wholesale Beaded Lace Fabric]

Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles.Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle. USP/SP[Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Yc Pure White Nylon Powder for 3D Printing]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Diesel Generator Parts AVR Ki-Davr-95s for Kipor]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Indefinite Rolls for Hot Rolling Mill]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[CNC Turning Center]

Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Popular Industrial Sewing Quilting Machine With CO]

Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316]

Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer, Part I.Full Automatic Tomato Ketchup Sauce Sachet Packaging Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Concrete Cure Spray Concrete Curing Agent]

7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes.Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System, 175-184[Low Carbon Steel Wire Rod]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Pet and Animal Food Extrusion MachineAuthor for correspondence