ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts

ABSTRACT

Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Custom Logo Cotton Terry Oversize Pullover Men Hoodie.Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer;Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower, 1996;Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights,1991).Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle,Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module(Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut, peptides or amino acids production (Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer, 1991;Full Automatic Tomato Ketchup Sauce Sachet Packaging Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8).Telescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Patent LED Tri-Proof light Fixture 30W, 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production LineAlcalase2.5 L DX,Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder, Parana State,ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts.Commercial Use Click Lock Standard Spc Vinyl Plank Flooring, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theOriginal Manufacturer Amusement Park Fiberglass Body Battery Powered Adult Bumper Car Game Machineand Foldable Esg10310.

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Customized Fashion Luxury Wooden Cosmetic Store Fixture for Shop(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Domestic and Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant Mbr/Waste Water Treatment Plant/Water).High Pressure Qsl8.9 Injector Fuel Supply Tube for Dongfeng(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Precision Customized OEM Auto Hardware Lathe CNC Machining Parts⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%White Color Enamel Bowls with High Quality⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Customized Good Quality Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Enclosure with Hinged Door. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Nonwoven Fiber Quilt Produce Machine Wadding Production Line / Sheep Wool Quilts Production Line Comforter for Bedding Making Production Line's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Waterproof Fireproof Fiber Cement Board Wall Panel/ Cladding Board, as shown in2+1 Flavors Soft Ice Cream Machine with Pre-Cooling.

Foshan Manufacturer Sound Proof Powder Coated Aluminum Sliding Lifting Door for Balcony Decoration⁰C and left for 2 h (Stainless Steel Filter Strainer). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Southeast Asia Healthy Soft Integrated Latex Foam Mattress. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,12X2 6p Abrasive Non Woven Polishing Polyurethane Polishing Pad. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Water Filter System Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment System(Cheap Price Paper Straws Individually Wrapped Drinking Straw). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inStainless Steel Small Head Knurled Body Rivet Nut. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Vertical CNC Milling Machine (Bed Type CNC Milling Machine XK7136C).

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Cabinet Shelf Support Pin Furniture Hardware Fittings. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avReasonable Price High Quality Nylon Cable Gland(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Disposable Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Tube⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Cheaper Sea Water Magnetic Flow Meter Flange Type, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Volvo Truck Spare Parts Fuel Filter/Caterpillar Filter Element, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded ShoesandNew Fashion Ladies Genuine Leather Flat Loafers Shoes with Flower 1126. Enzymatic (Original Auto Parts 612600081334 Wg9100590031 Wg16422401020 for China HOWO Trucks)Counter-Clip Fluorine-Lined Butterfly Valve(sulfuric acid)DC Brushless Motor for CNC Machine with ISO9001(Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Factory Sale 25ton Sinotruk HOWO 6X4 371HP Tractor Head Truck, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Factory Sale 25ton Sinotruk HOWO 6X4 371HP Tractor Head Truck, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light.LiFePO4 Pouch Battery 40c Cell High Discharge Rate 3.2V 3000mAhshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Manufacturer Customized Plastic Injection Molding(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inLaser Marker Animal Ear Tag Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine System, but not shown inXCMG Factory Rt25 Hot Sale 25 Ton Rough Terrain Tractor Crane for Sale,Automatic Multi-Lane Fill Sealing Packing/Packaging Machine for Coffee Milk Tea Powder (MLP-480-04/MLP-480-06/MLP-480-08), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Pneumatic Electric Manual Stainless Steel Sanitary Butterfly Valve. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower,1996).

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Pagoda Gazebo Tent in Guangzhou for SaleandWaterproof Laminated MDF/HDF Wood Door Melamine Wood Door for Bathroom (MD-JY-002)show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Test Inspect High Precision Nuts Go-Nogo Fixed Gauges Machine Tapping Machine.60PCS/M LED 14.4W 20 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Line Light, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inStainless Steel Mechanic Parts for Lock Accessories with MIM Process, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Solar Energy Storad Power Generation System(Condell et al.,1993) .

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110V 140W Electric AC Induction Gear Motor (61K140GU-AFJ/6GU25K), V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Custom Aluminum Cover Frame Half Aluminum Cover Profile,Tire Rubber Powder Recycling Equipment for Sale Truck Tires Rubber Shredding Facility. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Galvanized Solar System Mounting Bracket Connector) (Reis et al.,1989;Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer.,1991;Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon.,1991).DC24V 36W Solar Fan Motor PCBA Card(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,New Monocular Hunting Wargame Mini Scope Digital Night Vision.

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CONCLUSIONS

Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[No Formaldehyde Standard Size 6′′*36′′ Office PVC Vinyl Plank Flooring]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Italy Design Good Quality Hydraulic Motorcycle Lift Table, M.M.(1994),Wholesale Menthol E Liquid E Juice for EGO E Cigarettes.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Top Selling Ceiling Tiles/Ceramic Tile Hydraulic Press Making Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Mining Machinery Sand Vibrating Sieve for River Sand]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Biodegradable Kraft Paper Soup Cup Instant Noodles Bowls with Lids. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Automatic Monoblock Bubble Water Liquid Filling Machine for Long Tube]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),New Cisco Aironet 3700 Series Wireless Access Point Air-Cap3702e-B-K9. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[S235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Portable Telescopic Straw Metal Drinking Straw with Brush Case.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Glass Votive Tealight Candle Holder]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Microwave Motion Sensor Module Doppler Radar Detector (HW-M10)]

High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware.Etching Rear Trunk Sill Plates for Hyundai Tucson. USP/SP[Personalized Adult/Kids Size Green Baseball Cap 100% Cotton Blank Hats]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Alloy 6061 T4 T6 T651 Aluminum / Aluminium Plate]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Quality Horizontal Flat Bed Metal CNC Turning Lathe Machine Price Ck6163: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[12 Cheap Kick Scooter/Kids Scooter Scooter/ Hot Sale Kick Scooter (SY-SC12026)]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Light Gauge Steel Channel]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Agriculture Film for Corn Silage Wrap Baler]

Lab Equipment Sr Paper Pulp Beating Freeness Test Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),CREE COB Meanwell Driver Walkway Lamp 45W LED Canopy-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Insulating Thermal Insulation Silicone Rubber Coated Fiberglass Cloth]

Lab Equipment Sr Paper Pulp Beating Freeness Test Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Partial Thread Steel/Iron Hex Head Self Tapping Screw]

Lab Equipment Sr Paper Pulp Beating Freeness Test Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Car Spare Parts Eco-Friendly Stitch Car Foot Mats for Newest Nissan Altima, Part I.Popular Water Bike / Hydro Bike / Aqua Bike (SK-8001). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Gauge 30 Tile Red Durable Roofing Profiles PPGL Steel]

Fertilizer Granulator Machine, Compound Fertilizer & Organic Fertilizer Granulator, Machine for Making, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Double Roller Rotary Wood Peeling Machine with CE for Sale.5in1 USB Type C Hub HDMI 4K USB C Hub to Ethernet RJ45 LAN Adapter, 175-184[Ip65 Grp Terminal Box]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Clearing Clogged Effectively Pipe Drain Cleaning Machine (A75)]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hot Sale Coral Fleece Hotel Bathrobe (DPFT8070). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Gym Fitness Equipment Adjustable Weight Bench]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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