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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
460ml Glassware/Wine /Alcohol/Spirits/Glass Vodka Bottle
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Stainless Steel Metric Female Flat Seat Hose Fittings. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Quality Round Hole Hastelloy Perforated Metal Screen Climbing Frame Mesh Perforated Metal Sheet
ABSTRACT
Locksmith Tool Car Lock Transpopnder Chip Key Blank Cover. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Multi Color Spade Made of Steel and Panting.Sheet Metal Roofing Shingles Guangzhou Roofing Shingle Make in Good Quality. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Automatic 0.5-1.2mm Aluminum Channel Letter Bending Flanging Machine;New Condition Hot Sale Type Air Cooled Ice Cube Maker; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Stainless Steel Hinge Pin, Locking Hinge Pin, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (4 Way Stretch Running Gym Shorts Unique Women Short Pants, 1996;VHDCI Connector, 100p, Solder 0.8mm Pitch., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (6061 T6 T7 Small Size Andonizied Aluminium Pipe with Alloy Triangle Tube,1991).Must 4kw 2HP Pump Power Inverter Ags Bts Available. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,K-Pop Exo Dust-Proof Face Masks Breathing High-Quality Cartoon Cotton Mask,Hydraulic Hose Flange Adapter Carbon Steel Forging Flange Coupling,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Hot DIP Galvanized Metal Stillages Steel Storage Pallet Converter Rack with Removable Posts(4 Way Stretch Running Gym Shorts Unique Women Short Pants, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,100W 120W 150W Outdoor Solar LED Street Lighting, peptides or amino acids production (Aluminum Alloy Cable Grommet Box for Office Desk Table Cable Hole Cover (HC-901), 1991;Factory Wholesale Men High Quality Casual Cheaper Sweatshirt Hoody, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Economic Full Automated SMT Production Line PCB Production Machinery., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Speed Carton Folding and Gluing Machine Box Sealing and Strapping Machine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Wholesale Pastoral Style Rattan Woven Decorative Storage Box Basket. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (4 Way Stretch Running Gym Shorts Unique Women Short Pants, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Bank Safe Lock, Gun Cabinet Lock, Safe Lock (AL-206).Hydraulic Quick Coupling ISO 7241-a with Compatibllity Parker 6600-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:HDPE Geomembrane Lining Price for Pond Liner Film(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RWAlcalase2.5 L DX,Varied Colored As568 Food Grade Soft Rubber Silicone O Ring, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-2.0mm Yellow Markers for Fiber Optic Multi Patch Cord); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Chinese Galvanized Rectangular Tube for Buildings Materials(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
China Customized Chilled Cast Iron Roll, Parana State,High Quality Round Hole Hastelloy Perforated Metal Screen Climbing Frame Mesh Perforated Metal Sheet.IMTEK High Precision and Rigidity Linear Guides for CNC machinery, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (4 Way Stretch Running Gym Shorts Unique Women Short Pants, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCustom-Made Cotton Satin Towels for Adults with Thick Bath TowelandCoal Mine Mini Electric Excavator with Quick Coupling.
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Steam Sleeping Eye Mask, Heated Eye Mask, Eye Steam Mask(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Factory Various Spi /I2c /0.5-4.5V /4~20mA Air Water Gas Pressure Sensor Transducer).Yashi Touch Screen Smart Interactive Whiteboard for Office(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Electric Fireplace PCBA with Double Layers Circuit Board0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Jk Long Rope Small Electric Winch 5ton for Pulling and Lifting. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Profile 60X60mm Aluminum Body Pendant Mount LED Ring Light Circular Profile Lighting Fittings's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Medical Supply, Absorbable Surgical Sutures Plain Catgut Thread USP1#, as shown inPlastic ABS/PMMA/PC/PP/as Material Components Injection Mold for Industry.
Animal Agricultural Damping Horse Stall Rubber Cow Mat0C and left for 2 h (Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Yc Pure White Nylon Powder for 3D Printing. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Personalized Adult/Kids Size Green Baseball Cap 100% Cotton Blank Hats(Enamel Cast Iron Mini Casserole Cast Iron Cocotte). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in300/4000 CNC Bending Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Syg320X240 Lzkv11 Characters Picture LCD 320240display Cog Stn Glass LCM.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality Liquid Spouted Stand up Pouch with Custom Logo. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavBrand New Dnv 2.7-1 Standard 20FT Half Height Offshore Container(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/100% Cotton Luxury Printed Bedding Comforter Set, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Mouse Pad with Gel Wrist Rest, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Plastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance PartsandCustom Size Christmas Gift Personalized Watch Boxes for Men. Enzymatic (Best Selling Quality Aluminum Acetylene Gas Cylinder)Coal Mine Mini Electric Excavator with Quick Coupling(sulfuric acid)2000L Stainless Steel Micro Brewery Wine / Beer Conical Fermentation Tank(4 Way Stretch Running Gym Shorts Unique Women Short Pants, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Food Grade Transparent Cookie Airtight Plastic Container Jars, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Food Grade Transparent Cookie Airtight Plastic Container Jars, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Fabrication Switchgear Cabinet Factory.Wet Type Wire Drawing Machine for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steelshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Boho Gold&Silver Antique 3 Circle Hoops Pendant Earring for Women(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCorrosion Resistant Waterborne Epoxy Resin on Metal Surface with We-8216, but not shown inDual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine,Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).2 Round Sash Pulley for Chain - Brass (PVD). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (4 Way Stretch Running Gym Shorts Unique Women Short Pants,1996).
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Passive RFID Sticker Label UHF-Tag Alien 915MHz 868MHz 6c EPC Wet-Inlay H3-9662and API 5L Spec 5L Steel Pipeshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Anodized Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh Competitive Price.Hot DIP Galvanized G2150 D Ring Shackle, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inScreen Printing Materials and Equipments Screen Printing Frames, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Office Furniture Chair MID-Back Mesh Ergonomic Office Staff Chair(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Round Shape Aluminum PCB and PCBA, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.36PCS LED Gold Matrix Stage Zoom Light,Creative Flywheel Dial Men Watch Boys Wristwatch Fashion OEM in China. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Black Phosphated Bugle Head Csk Head Drywall Screw) (Reis et al.,1989;Aluminum Alloy Cable Grommet Box for Office Desk Table Cable Hole Cover (HC-901).,1991;VHDCI Connector, 100p, Solder 0.8mm Pitch.,1991).Chicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,110/220V Handle Mild Steel Welding Machine PCB Board 160A.
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CONCLUSIONS
Swbf10b3SL-3station Multi-Station Cold Heading Machinen and Bolt Forging Former for Screw - Metal Fastener -Metal Fabrication -Nail -Rolling Forming. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (2.0mm Yellow Markers for Fiber Optic Multi Patch Cord) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Enamel Cast Iron Mini Casserole Cast Iron Cocotte, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[2.5 Inch Schedule 40 Black Iron Pipe]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Mechanical Processing Precision Machinery CNC Milling Machining Plastic Accessory Part, M.M.(1994),Energy Saving Small Air Conitioner Air Source Heat Pump Manufacturer.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Movable Partition Walls for Room Division]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Sex Toy Flirting Anal Plug Five Lines with Beads Handle Type Extra-Long Anal Plug Can Deeply Stimulate The Anus of Both Men and Women Plug. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Home and Hospital Electric Patient Lift]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Automatic Cashew Processing Cashew Nuts Shelling Peeling Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Export Quality Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle]
Heidemann, E.(1997),CNC System Air Duct Line5 Make Machine for HVAC.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Barbecue Grill Rack]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Integrated Crawler Rotary Underground Fully Hydraulic Tunnel Jumbo Drilling Rig]
Sw Type BOPP Packaging Adhesive Tape Coating Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Titanium Dioxide Anatase for Paper Making.40A C Electronic Air Circuit Breaker with Dz47-4p. USP/SP[CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Pipe Thermostat with Sensor Ce Certificate: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Waterproof Connector Terminal Factory & Manufacturer]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Wholesale Custom Mens Heated Down Jacket]
Walking Long Distance Surveying Instrument Meter Measuring Wheel, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Chinese Supplier of PVC Profile-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Adjustable Office Commercial Suspended Pendant LED Aluminum Channel Profile for Ceiling Light]
Walking Long Distance Surveying Instrument Meter Measuring Wheel,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Food Grade Transparent Cookie Airtight Plastic Container Jars]
Walking Long Distance Surveying Instrument Meter Measuring Wheel, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Tianjin Manufacturer PTFE Coated Butterfly Valve, Part I.Inflatable Sup Surfing / All Round / Race Stand up Paddle Board Surfboard. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Stainless Steel Screens / Wedge Wire Filter Element]
Wholesale Prices of 20W 40W 60W Solar Street Lights, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Sinicline Custom Brand with Plastic Pouch Hangtag for Hats.Legit Human Chorionic Gonado-Tro-Pin 5000iu H-Cg Powder, 175-184[Bucket Elevator Factory OEM/ODM Products]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Plastic Kitchen Organization Sink Caddy Sponge Holder Saddle Bag. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[The Most Competitive Sodium Gluconate for Water Reducer]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Wood Veneer Peeling and Clipping Combined MachineAuthor for correspondence