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ABSTRACT

5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Hot Sale 25kw Grid Tied Home Solar Panel System Kit.Mini Car Portable Fridge 10L Mini Fridge. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields, 1996;Mass Stock Yl10.2 Carbide Rods for Milling 45HRC., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Heavy Industry Electric Transport Vehicle on Rails,1991).Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,A100-T32-S2-C 2 Way 1 1/4′′ SS316 Electric Control Water Ball Valve,Direct Factory Suppy Electric Razor Barbed Wire Low Price for Fencing,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Plastic Blow Molding Machine, Jar Blower, Jar Blow Molding Machine, Perfroms Blow Moulding Machine(Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile, peptides or amino acids production (Metal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift, 1991;12V90AH Front Access Terminal Communication Power Cabinet Telecommunication Projects EVolt ebn Battery, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Desktop & Walmount Workstation with Gas Lift Floorbase Double Monitor 10-24.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Minimalism Small Portable Laser Engraver Fiber for Metal Plastic Key Gun Rubber PVC Glass Yeti Cup. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel.Htw160jd Haitai Pet Bottle Preform Cap Making Box Spoon Full Automatic Plastic Injection Molding Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Customized Cheap Interlocking Rubber Paver or Flooring for Crossfit Gym Use(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

China Cast Steel Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16 Dn150 Factory, Parana State,Two Roll Rubber & Plastic Mixing Mills Tire Machine.Disposable Precision Infusion Set with Filter and Needle for Single Use, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theMilling Precision Stainless Steel CNC Machinery PartsandEurope Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter.

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Low Price Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer for Power Transformer Test(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Customized 8 Layers Round LED Panel Aluminum PCB for LED Light).Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Stainless Steel Mechanic Parts for Lock Accessories with MIM Process⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High-Speed 4K Male to Female HDMI Extension Cable 3FT/6FT/10FT/15FT⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Mining Machinery Sand Vibrating Sieve for River Sand. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Straight-Through Medium Flange Hard-Sealed Z41h Gate Valve's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)PRO Audio Loudspeaker PA Speaker System Line Array Speaker, as shown in33kv Dry Type Resin Casted Distribution Transformer.

Palet Coil Nail Welding Machine/Nail Making Machine⁰C and left for 2 h (Factory Direct Supply Yiwu Stocklots Hard Cover A5 High Quality Leather Notebooks for Gifts Free Shipping). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper A3A4 Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper Fluting Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,High Quality MPO Singlemode Duplex Fiber Optic Adapter. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Hotel Bedding(Festival Ceramic Mug). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCe Germany Technology Patent Certificate 6-51mm (1/4 ~2) 12sets Free Dies Hydraulic Hose Crimping Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Supplier V Wedge Wire Johnson Water Well Screen.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av10A MPPT Solar Controllers PV 60V for off-Grid(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Colorful Boys Outdoor Flat Beach Sandal with PU Upper and TPR Outsole⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/60ml 100ml Customized Glass Jar for Spice, Candle, Candy, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Aluminium / Stainless Channel Letter Auto Profile Bending Machine Price, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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100%Polyester Burnout Velvet Sofa Fabric (pineapple grid).Ceramic Edge Protection Profiles Decorative Ceramic Metal Tile Trimshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Diesel Generator Parts AVR Ki-Davr-95s for Kipor(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFly, but not shown inOffering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine,Gld Brand Padlock Brass Popular in 5 Continents  , and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).No Lead Bronze Flange Manufacturer. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields,1996).

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Sx Sm Fiber Optic MPO to MPO Adapter with Flange Type, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Laptop Bag College Men Backpack Leather Back Pack Bags,Pet Dog Grooming Rake Dematting Tool Shedding Comb. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Color Change LED Restaurant Dinner Chair and Table Restaurant Furniture) (Reis et al.,1989;Metal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift.,1991;Mass Stock Yl10.2 Carbide Rods for Milling 45HRC.,1991).Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Farm Tools and Equipment 7ton Backhoe Loader Construction Machinery.

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CONCLUSIONS

CT201795 Cartridge Chip for Xerox Docucentre IV 2056 2058. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Hot Sale High Quality Rimless New Italy Design Titanium Eyeglasses for Business Men and Women) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[High Quality Passenger Elevator 1000kg]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Automatic Food Metal Detector Machine for Production Line, M.M.(1994),Multi-Functional Backpack Manual 52cc Brush Cutter.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Customized Over Size Boys Hoodie with Embroidered]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Modern Living Room Furniture Hotel Bedroom Custom Corner Sofa. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Factory Supply Cheap Price Custom Logo Genuine Leather Mens Wallets]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Hot Sale High Quality Rimless New Italy Design Titanium Eyeglasses for Business Men and Women]

Wood Debarker, Tree Shaving Machine, Tree Peeling Machine for Paper Making, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),White Cotton Satin Hotel Duvet Cover (DPFB8055).Small Cleaning Brush ESD Anti Static Brush ESD Brush Black. USP/SP[Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Straight-Through Medium Flange Hard-Sealed Z41h Gate Valve]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-PAC /Poly Aluminium Chloride for Water Treatment: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Office Furniture Chair MID-Back Mesh Ergonomic Office Staff Chair]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[New Light Gauge Large Span Structural Steel Frame Warehouse]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine]

Aluminum Sheet Shearing Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Electrical PV DC Solar Cable-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[13.4L 22.4L Inflatable Helium Tank Disposable Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder]

Aluminum Sheet Shearing Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Water Meter Spare Parts Rubber Rings for Sealing]

Aluminum Sheet Shearing Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Tomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine, Part I.Upholstery Ribbon Christmas Tape. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Electric Fabric and Non Woven Fabric Roll Slitting Machine (FQ-1600)]

Raggae Series Black Friday E Liquid Wholesale Disposable Vape Pen E Juice E Liquid Flavor Concentrate, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),2+1 Flavors Soft Ice Cream Machine with Pre-Cooling.Costa Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver, 175-184[Winter Warm Touchscreen Tech Waterproof Running Hiking Jogging Walking Gloves]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Quality Construction Welding Rods Electrode E6013 E7018 E7016]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),40A Zinc Alloy Mini Plug-in Electronics Car Blade Fuse. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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