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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Laser Marker Animal Ear Tag Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine System. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Sachets Powder Coffee Stick Powder Bag Salt Packaging Packing Machine
ABSTRACT
PPE-Plus En140 Gas Respirator Filter Custom Safety Gas Mask for Military Use. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Blue Steel Packing Strip.High Quality Powder and Wax Brush with Wooden Handle. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Cheap Price Paper Straws Individually Wrapped Drinking Straw;ASTM 304 304L Stainless Steel Sheet with Best Prices and High Quality; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Hot Sale Wood Grain Decorative Paper for Laminated Door/ Melamine Paper for MDF, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Flexible Polyurethane Tube PU Spring Coil Hose Pneumatic Colorful Spiral Hose, 1996;Smelting and Heating Induction Machine (GW-HY187)., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Flakes 90% Purity Best Price Qingdao Hiseachem,1991).Home Products 16′ Perforated Flex Pipe. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,1220 Fork Length 3-Wheel Electric Forklift Truck,Hidrotek Portable Suitcase Design Reverse Osmosis Demo Kits,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,FM USB Radio Audio Power Amplifier for Home Bar Club(Flexible Polyurethane Tube PU Spring Coil Hose Pneumatic Colorful Spiral Hose, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Functional Manual Steel Wheelchair Folding 12 Inch and 24 Inch Rear Wheels Exhangeable, peptides or amino acids production (Hot Sell Mechanical Bar Screen for Water Treatment, 1991;Glow Powder for Luminous Coating, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;700 mm RP HP UHP Graphite Electrode Sold at Factory Price., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Foton Right Hand Drive High Efficiency Suction Pump Sewer Scavenger 2000L Small Sewage Suction Truck.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Union Metal Steel Building and Construction Material. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Flexible Polyurethane Tube PU Spring Coil Hose Pneumatic Colorful Spiral Hose, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Factory Directly Supply 10HP Air Cooled Water Chiller Best Price Industrial Chiller.450ml Sublimation Stainless Steel Milk Bottle (Colorful)-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Lower Noise Colled Rolled Ball Screw(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Sphere Earth Permanent Magnets 216PCS 5mm Neodymium Cube BallsAlcalase2.5 L DX,3.0kw Spindle CNC Router with Certificate for Woodworking, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-800W Electric Motor Price Lawn Mower Motor Concrete Mixer); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Air Cooled Split Type Ducted Air Conditioner AC Unit(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Hans Factory Direct Sale Colorful Wholesale Beaded Lace Fabric, Parana State,Sachets Powder Coffee Stick Powder Bag Salt Packaging Packing Machine.High Quality Cotton Cover with Polyester Microfiber Filling Comforter Duvet, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Flexible Polyurethane Tube PU Spring Coil Hose Pneumatic Colorful Spiral Hose, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theColumn Type Pave Rubber Tile Making Machine-Vulcanizing Press MachineandNon Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth.
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Gym Fitness Equipment Adjustable Weight Bench(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Mold Injection Molding Plastic Products White PC Housing).Factory Sell P7.8 Transparent LED Display Screen(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Automatic Hotel Laundry Equipment Bed Sheet Folding Machine (ZD3000-V)0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Original Weichai Engine Truck Spare Parts Valve Cap 615000501050C for 2 h. After this treatment,Sliding Panel Saw Heavy Duty CNC Band Saw for Furniture Ban Resaw Machine for Lumber, Round Log Slinding Sawmill, Band Resaw for Lumber. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Ceramic Edge Protection Profiles Decorative Ceramic Metal Tile Trim's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Charms for Jewelry Making (Sold Per Bag 10PCS Inside), as shown in3*19.8 NRA G2 AISI420 Needle Roller for Bearing.
Fused Quartz Powder 325mesh 500mesh 1250mesh0C and left for 2 h (Temporary Aluminum Cat Eyes LED Reflective Road Raised Solar Pavement Marker). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Various Types of Plastic Hooks Mould From Manufacturers. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,New Wholesale Bamboo Plastic Pet Bottle Square Shoulder 250ml Pet Bottle Rectangle Bottle. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'10kv Electrical Power Transmission Galvanized Steel Tubular Mono Pole Tower(500 Tons Hydraulic Power Double Action Press with Cushion). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inProducts. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Special Flower Shaped Sterling Silver Cubic Zirconia Earring for Lady Wedding Gift.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Waste Tire Cutter Machine Tire Shredder Equipment Price Tyre Shredder India. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavSoft Baby Suites Dinosaure Pijamas Kigurumi(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Density Celuca Kitchen Cabinets PVC Foam Board0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/2mm Mirror Glass/Coated Glass for LED, LCD, Computer Screen etc, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/E171 Standrad Titanium Dioxide Food Grade A200, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Sanhe FC-2 Poultry Air VentandElbow Forming Machine Gorelocker HVAC Duct Making Machine. Enzymatic (Stainless Steel Barbecue Net BBQ Grill Grates Wire Mesh)Best Selling Colorful Branded Custom Logo Polarized Sunglasses Women Men 2018 Fashion UV400 Cat3 Mirrored Sun Shade Glasses(sulfuric acid)L Shape U Shape Big Corner Home Villa Living Room Hotel Lobby Full Chinese Italy Leather with Manual Movable Headrest Confortable Sofa Set Furniture(Flexible Polyurethane Tube PU Spring Coil Hose Pneumatic Colorful Spiral Hose, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%460g Good Tensile Strength PU Fiberglass Thermal Insulation Fabric, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%460g Good Tensile Strength PU Fiberglass Thermal Insulation Fabric, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
304 Stainless Steel Anti-Corrosion Welded Wire Mesh.China OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Boardshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Custom Made Colorful Sublimation Womens Yoga Pants Wholesale(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFarm Relief Plastic Automatic Air Release Valve, but not shown inKh No Fried Automatic Potato Chips Making Machines,Lightweight Garden Tools 18V Li-ion Battery Portable Cordless Grass Trimmer Electric Brush Cutter, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Outdoor Garden Lamp Remote Control with Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Panel. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Flexible Polyurethane Tube PU Spring Coil Hose Pneumatic Colorful Spiral Hose,1996).
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PP Needlepunched Nonwoven Geotextileand6 12 18 10 Lead Raw ECG Electrode Cable Placement Used for Patient ECG Monitoringshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-New Fashion PVC Sequins Adjustable Women Brace Suspenders.Solid Flex-Drain Pipe Length 40′, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inModern Office Ergonomic Executive Leather Swivel Office Chair (HC-Venlo), for peptides lower than 3000 Da.ANSI C29 25kv 1pin Hole F Neck Modified Polyethylene HDPE Insulator(Condell et al.,1993) .
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in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Atl P4-2 Phased Ultrasound Transducer Probe for HDI 3000 3500,W11 Series Symmetric Rolling Machine with Three Rollers /Powered Slip Rolls/Plate Rolling Machine/ Plate Bending Machine/Folder Machine/. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (8000kg Diesel Forklift Great Logistic Equipment Fork Lift Truck 8ton) (Reis et al.,1989;Hot Sell Mechanical Bar Screen for Water Treatment.,1991;Smelting and Heating Induction Machine (GW-HY187).,1991).Cake/Cookies/Bread Automatic Package and Packing Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Customize Milky Extrusion PC Cover.
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CONCLUSIONS
European Good Quality Bathroom Simple Sliding Glass Shower Cabina. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (800W Electric Motor Price Lawn Mower Motor Concrete Mixer) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
UL Kc CB Bis Un38.3 Approved 461730 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery for Bluetooth Earphone, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Luxury Cheap 100% Polyester Wedding Fancy Chair Cover]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Fruit Plum Cleaning Washing Machine with Brushes Spray, M.M.(1994),Professional Manufacture Electromagnetic Impulse Solenoid Valve, Pulse Operated Solenoid Valve for Dust Collector.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Hydrophobic Excellent Thermal Insulation Silica Aerogel Powder]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-11.1V 2000mAh Lithium Polymer Battery Pack Customized Size. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[New Cisco Aironet 3700 Series Wireless Access Point Air-Cap3702e-B-K9]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Buy Mk 677 Powder Bulk Powders Sarms Mk 677, Mk677. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Jh21 Series Pneumatic Power Press CNC Punching Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Reverse Osmosis Membrane Flocculant with Standard Solution Liquid]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Summer White Plastic Handheld Battery Operated Portable Rechargeable Mini Fan]
6LTR Stainless Steel Foam Empty Fire Extinguisher Cylinder, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Coal Fried Steam Boiler for Industry with Double Drum.Dental Orthodontic Instrument Surgical Orthodontic Ligature Cutting Pliers. USP/SP[Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Stainless Steel Filter Strainer: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Microfiber Shoe Lining]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[LPG Frying Machine Natural Gas Deep Fryer Diesels Continuous Fryer]
Granite Cutting Diamond Saw Blades Cutting Blade, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Steel Forged Automobile Spare Parts with Customized Drawing-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Mechanical Seal 101 Type for Pump and Auto]
Granite Cutting Diamond Saw Blades Cutting Blade,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light]
Granite Cutting Diamond Saw Blades Cutting Blade, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose HPMC Used in Tile Cement Adhesive Production, Part I.Slip Resistant Corrugated Protection Entrance Rubber Floor Mat. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Daily Use Teeth Whitening Charcoal Powder Oral Hygiene Cleaning Activated Charcoal Powder]
Power Amplifier 5000 Watts Professional Stereo Audio AMP Fp20000q Poweramp, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),T-Shirt Clamshell Heat Press Sublimation Machine (40X60cm).High Quality Automatic Hydraulic Steel Sheet Bending Crimping Curving Machine, 175-184[Nylon 66 Drag Chain]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Multifunctional Solar Powered Safety Hammer LED Flashlight]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Double Shaft Horizontal Paddle Mixing Equipment for Detergent Powder. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Costa Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic TagAuthor for correspondence