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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-1220*2440mm Concrete Formwork black film faced plywood. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Washami Teeth Care for Whitening Cool Mint Toothpaste
ABSTRACT
Customized Printed Air Bubble Mailer Bag Padded Plastic Mailing Bags Courier Envelope. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Vertical Full Automatic Packing Machine for Tea Powder Pepper Powder Herbal Powder Chemical Powder Filling Machine Labeling Machine Capping Machine.SHXJ1500 CNC Diamond Wire Stone Cutting Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Men′s Multifunctional Polyester Outdoor Sports Long Box Fancy Sling Side Bag;2019 Foam Concrete Machine/Foamed Concrete Block Making Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Dry Powder Fire Extinguisher Ball Empty Fire Extinguisher Ball, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Yyh Series One Dimension Tumbling Mixer Mixing Machine, 1996;ODU 14 Pin Industrial Circular Connector., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Factory Manufacturers Prices Melamine Faced Chipboard/Particle Board,1991).Classical New Coming Plastic Female Sunglasses. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,OEM Double Sided Rigid PCB Circuit Board Manufacturer,Robot of World Robotics Competition,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Professional Rope/Cable/Wire Braiding Machine with Factory Price(Yyh Series One Dimension Tumbling Mixer Mixing Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Aluminum PCB Circuit Board SMD PCBA LED PCB, peptides or amino acids production (Classical Type Antique Copper Zinc Alloy Plate Door Lock Handle with Mortise Lock and Cylinder (ZP159), 1991;Concrete Pump Sponge Cleaning Ball for Concrete Pump Truck, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;China Supplier Steel Machine Bellows Cover Telescopic Shield Cover., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Concrete Cure Spray Concrete Curing Agent.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Automatic Chewing Dog Food Snack Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Yyh Series One Dimension Tumbling Mixer Mixing Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10White Ceramic Shot Glass for Sublimation Printing - 1.5oz.Promotional Gifts Custom Printed Silicone Wristband/Bracelet-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Industry Mega PVC Fabric Automatic Folding Hangar Rolling Shutter Door(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
8000kg Diesel Forklift Great Logistic Equipment Fork Lift Truck 8tonAlcalase2.5 L DX,Farrowing Crate Pig Floor Cast Iron Slat Floor, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Manufacturer PVC Synthetic Artificial Leather for Sofa Upholstery Cover with Variety of Backing); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)High Quality Aluminum Heat Sink for Electronics Computer Electric(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
5-Star 100 Cotton King Size Cheap Stripe Hotel Duvet Cover, Parana State,Washami Teeth Care for Whitening Cool Mint Toothpaste.Surprise! Range Hood Free! ! ! Juice Cart, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Yyh Series One Dimension Tumbling Mixer Mixing Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theOEM Double Sided Rigid PCB Circuit Board ManufacturerandHandmade Individual Fast Fanning 3D Private Label Lashes Wholesale Premium Easy Fan.
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Steam Eye Mask Heating One Eye Mask for Sleeping(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (White Color Enamel Bowls with High Quality).Automatic French Fries Frying Machine with Low Price(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Solar Camping Lanterns Portable Solar LED Lanterns Outdoor &Indoor Solar Lanterns with Solar Panel Separated Solar LED Lanterns0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%55 Inch WiFi Android Digital Signage Player Totem Interactive Touch Screen Monitor Floor Stand Kiosk with Software0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Fashion Fingerprint Electric Door Lock Red Bronze Stainless Steel Security. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Natural Stones Granite/Marble Stone Water Fountain for Garden Decoration/Landscaping's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Motorcycle Accessories Flexible Natural Rubber Shock Absorber / Dock Silent Buffer Block, as shown inALS Stage 5W RGB Animation Laser Light.
High Security 13.56MHz MIFARE DESFire EV1 EV2 2K 4K 8K CPU RFID Card0C and left for 2 h (Di DIN3352 Double Orifice Automatic Air Release Valve Dn65). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.T90 High Power Latching Relay Mini Power Relay. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Customizable Laptop Sleeve Computer Case Bag for MacBook Air 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Inch. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Auto Accessories Tailored Car Foot Mats Trunk Mats for Lexus GS430(Animal Agricultural Damping Horse Stall Rubber Cow Mat). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in1.5 Inch Rubber Tubing. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Polyglycolic Acid Absorable Suture.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%No. 1062 20PCS Tools. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavLd-Zg002 Special Corrosion and Scale Inhibitor for Chemical Plant(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Pressure Fitting Quick Coupling Hydraulic Plug0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Products Insulin Syringe/ Insulin Pump with Medical Head Cover, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Refrigeration Digital Temperature Controller Stc-100A, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
50 Grams Ozone Producing Device for Makeup Toner Producing PlantandBoston Round 50ml Refillable Plastic Pet Cosmetic Perfume Mist Spray Bottle. Enzymatic (Women Cow Leather Handbag Genuine Leather Shoulder Bag for Ladies)Black Color Hexagon Bolt with High Quality(sulfuric acid)China Supplier! ! ! Hot Sale 16mn Galvanized Steel Pipes(Yyh Series One Dimension Tumbling Mixer Mixing Machine, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Afen Auto Opened Door Pasta Sexy Toys Auto Vending Machine with Competitive Price, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Afen Auto Opened Door Pasta Sexy Toys Auto Vending Machine with Competitive Price, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Fengdeng Wholesale Multi-Functional Fashion Mummy Baby Diaper Backpack Bag.3D CNC Router for Wood Cutting Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Speed Construction Lifting Equipment Boat Yacht Capstan Electric Winch 3 Ton(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh Quality 4X2 and 6X4 China Heavy Duty Tractor Truck HOWO Tractor Truck, but not shown inWholesale Colorful Party Favor Straight Biodegradable Food Grade Paper Drinking Straw for Cocktail,Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Non Rechargeable, NiMH Replacement 1.5V Lr44/V13ga Battery. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Yyh Series One Dimension Tumbling Mixer Mixing Machine,1996).
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Garden Decoration Marble Stone Granite Small Angel Sculpture Water FountainandEco Friendly Recycle Paper Cheap Wholesale Custom Printing Colouring Hardcover Comic Children Board Bookshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Luxury Aluminum Candy Jar with Screw Lid (PPC-AC-042).Polyamide Spandex Stretch Heavy Lycra Fabric 245GSM, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inMouse Pad with Gel Wrist Rest, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Single Stage High Speed Fruit and Vegetable Pulping Machine(Condell et al.,1993) .
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China OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Board, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Plastic 3D Printing Service, Cheap Plastic Injection Molding PLA 3D Printing Service for Rapid Prototyping Services,Silicone Pot Holders, Trivet Mat, Spoon Rest, Jar Opener, Garlic Peeler, Non-Slip High Heat Resistant Hot Pads. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Quality Horizontal Flat Bed Metal CNC Turning Lathe Machine Price Ck6163) (Reis et al.,1989;Classical Type Antique Copper Zinc Alloy Plate Door Lock Handle with Mortise Lock and Cylinder (ZP159).,1991;ODU 14 Pin Industrial Circular Connector.,1991).Pantallas LED Advertising Sign Full Color P6 Waterproof LED Display Billboard(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Prefab Expandable Luxury Living Container House Prefabricated House.
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CONCLUSIONS
Movable Partition Walls for Room Division, Hotel and Shopping Mall. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Manufacturer PVC Synthetic Artificial Leather for Sofa Upholstery Cover with Variety of Backing) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Carboxy Terminal Collagen Crosslinks Elisa Kits, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Mobile Ice Machine]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Various Colors Nylon and Stainless Steel Kitchen Tools, M.M.(1994),355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Silver 8 Inch Double Thick Round Cake Board]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Raggae Series Black Friday E Liquid Wholesale Disposable Vape Pen E Juice E Liquid Flavor Concentrate]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Metal Separating Gold Brass Zippers for Sale. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ODU 14 Pin Industrial Circular Connector]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Quartz Window, Polished Quartz Disc, Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Automatic Pet Plastic Glass Bottle Pure Water Treatment Filter Purifier Juice Beverage Liquid Filling Sealing Bottling Labeling Packing Packaging Machine]
Heidemann, E.(1997),OEM Refrigeration Digital Thermometer.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Glass Lifting Machine with Sucker for Glass Movements]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Pressure CF8 CF8m Stainless Steel Socket Welded Ball Valve]
Military Camelback Hydration Pack Wholesale Camo Hydration Pack 3L Bladder, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),BA Finished Seamless Stainless Steel Tube (304, 304L, 316, 316L).Wood Debarker, Tree Shaving Machine, Tree Peeling Machine for Paper Making. USP/SP[Afen Auto Opened Door Pasta Sexy Toys Auto Vending Machine with Competitive Price]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Outdoor Garden Furniture Rattan Sofa Set with Ottomen]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-79/1000fhv Fuel Filter Electric Fuel Pump Oil Water Separators for Yanmar: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Bimetallic Thermometer Industrial Temperature Gauge]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Honkon New Arrival Face Facial Reveal Imager 3D Facial Skin Analysis Device]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[UL Kc CB Bis Un38.3 Approved 461730 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery for Bluetooth Earphone]
Two Roll Rubber & Plastic Mixing Mills Tire Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Cake/Cookies/Bread Automatic Package and Packing Machine]
Two Roll Rubber & Plastic Mixing Mills Tire Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine]
Two Roll Rubber & Plastic Mixing Mills Tire Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hot Sale 25kw Grid Tied Home Solar Panel System Kit, Part I.Mini Car Portable Fridge 10L Mini Fridge. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Mini Car Portable Fridge 10L Mini Fridge]
Slide Table High-Speed Mute Aluminum Alloy Bearing Steel 3D Printing Stroke, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Mini Small Garden Excavator Digging Work.Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver, 175-184[Manual and Automatic Cashewnut Shelling Machine]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Oring O-Ring All Kinds of Rubber Material NBR Nr EPDM Rubber Product]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Mechanical Processing Precision Machinery CNC Milling Machining Plastic Accessory Part]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Pressure Swing Adsorption Nitrogen Inflator Nitrogen Inflator N2 InflatorAuthor for correspondence