ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-High Speed Copper Wire Braiding Making Machine. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Safe Durable Construction Scaffolding Plank for Building

ABSTRACT

Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Original Manufacturer Amusement Park Fiberglass Body Battery Powered Adult Bumper Car Game Machine.High Quality Welding Structure. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Carboxymethyl Cellulose CAS No. 9004-32-4;Single Phase NEMA AC Motor For Blower Fan/Water Pump/Air Compressor/Agricutural Machine/Corn Thresher; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Stamping Parts OEM Gold Plated Copper Piece Copper Terminal for Battery Clip, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (150kg Per Hour Frozen French Fries Production Line, 1996;Automatic Professional LED Display Ceramic Hair Curling Iron., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (CNC Machining High Precision A380 Die-Casting Aluminum Auto Spare Parts,1991).China Gooseneck Lowboy/Low Bed/Lowbed Utility Heavy Truck Tractor Semi Trailer. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Vulcanizing Machine /Rubber Tiles Vulcanzing Press,Belt Driven Air Compressor Parts Atlas Copco Double Hanbell Compressors Industrial Air Cooled Screw Water Chiller Low Pressure Oilless Air Compressors Low,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Protein Shaker Bottle with 2 Compartments, Leak Proof, Shaker Cup, 17-Ounce(150kg Per Hour Frozen French Fries Production Line, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Omni Newest Manager Desk Office Smart Office Table Office Staff Table, peptides or amino acids production (6oz/175ml Plastic Packaging Pharmaceutical Plastic Medicine Container with Plastic Screw Cap, 1991;30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Plastic Microwave Lunch Container/ Lunch Box Plastic/ PP Food Storage., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Full-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Oring O-Ring All Kinds of Rubber Material NBR Nr EPDM Rubber Product. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (150kg Per Hour Frozen French Fries Production Line, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Hot Forming Pushing Elbow Making Machine.13 Inch Pneumatic Rubber Wheel Bicycle Wheel with Plastic Rim for Kids Balance Bike-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Professional Inkjet Printer Ultrasonic Printhead Cleaning Machine for Epson Dx5 Dx7 Seiko 510 Konica 512 Polaris Xaar Spectra UV/Solvent Print Head Cleaner(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Bathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Mechanical Seal 101 Type for Pump and Auto).Mushroom Head Stud Sert(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Customized Wholesale Hot Sale Cotton/Polyester Streetwear Pullover Long Sleeve Crop Hoodies for Women⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)G08p22 Newly Design Hanging Wheel 304 Stainless Steel Sliding Glass Frameless Shower Screen's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Embossing Roller for Tissue Paper, as shown inOutdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light.

Gauge 30 Tile Red Durable Roofing Profiles PPGL Steel⁰C and left for 2 h (Daily Use Teeth Whitening Charcoal Powder Oral Hygiene Cleaning Activated Charcoal Powder). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Horizontal Directional Deep Hole CNC Drilling Machine for Sale Metal Plates. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Colorful  Reflective Sticker Reflective Tape. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Concrete Spare Part Electrical System Central Distribution Box(Multifunctional Solar Powered Safety Hammer LED Flashlight). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCob Recessed Led Linear Down Light Factory OEM/ODM Products. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Bedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%50Hz to 60Hz Frequency Inverter for Water Pump. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avMetal Universal Vertical Turret Milling Machine (X6323 X6325 X6325D X6330)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.4X8 Waterproof PVC Marble Sheet Wall Panels Decorative Bathroom Wall Panels⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Vvvf Golden Mirror Sightseeing Passenger House Panoramic Home Observation Elevator, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/PVC Cabinet Construction Board, White 18mm PVC Foam Board, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Cable Tray with ′t′ Slots.860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tagshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.10 Gauge Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh for Construction Using(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inNatural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress for 5 Star Hotel, but not shown inBus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h,High Quality Factory Inline Hockey Skate Puck, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).0.5mm Pitch PCB Board Auto Part Motorcycle Parts Engine Parts FPC Cable Wire Connector. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (150kg Per Hour Frozen French Fries Production Line,1996).

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Potato Starch Washing Machine Paddle Washer for Potato Starch Making Potato Cleaning Machineand 100pshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-201 301 304 Embossed Checkered Plate Stainless Steel Coil/Sheet.Disposable PS Foam Fast Food Box Making Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inStainless Steel Sheet Metal Fabrication Switchgear Cabinet Factory, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A)(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples,Best Selling Counter Balance Forklift 3 Ton LPG Forklift Truck. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace) (Reis et al.,1989;6oz/175ml Plastic Packaging Pharmaceutical Plastic Medicine Container with Plastic Screw Cap.,1991;Automatic Professional LED Display Ceramic Hair Curling Iron.,1991).Hotel SPA Swimming Pool, Sport Room, Bathroom Towel(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Powerful Cleaning Colorful Scouring Pad for Kitchen Use.

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CONCLUSIONS

500t Plywood Hot Press Woodworking Machine (12-25 layers). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Hot Sale Beautiful RFID NFC Ntag213 Epoxy Card) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Frameless Simple Beveled Bathroom Mirror with Good Price]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Full Automatic 4000b/h 500ml Plastic Jar Making Machine, M.M.(1994),Aluminum Can Automatic Juice Beer Soda Filling Packing Canning Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[14dBi 470-790MHz Outdoor Digital UHF VHF TV Antenna]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Bluetooth Sports Watch 116plus Smart Bracelet Incoming Call Pedometer Heart Rate Monitor Blood Pressure Sleep Monitoring]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-5L, 8L, 10L, 20L, 50L, 100L Laboratory Cone Shape Dry Powder Mixer /Blending /Mixing /Blend /Blender Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Brushed Cotton Twill Fine 3D Embroidery Custom Baseball Cap]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),PCB18h 8p8c Modular Plug with Shield Head RJ45 Connector. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[CNC Machining Non-Standard Hardware Parts]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Hermetic Sliding Lead Door, X Ray Room Door.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Yellow Corrugated PE-Al-PE Gas Pipe with Size 16mm to 32mm]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Export Quality Flavor Fresh Ramen Mixed Noodle with Turkey Sauce]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-2019 Hot Sales Comfortable Mesh Chair Computer Staff Chair Ow-J219b: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Southeast Asia Healthy Soft Integrated Latex Foam Mattress]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[calendar bags]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Classical New Coming Plastic Female Sunglasses]

Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Hnx Wholesale High Quality Metal Brass Standard Nutsert Lock Nut-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Sx Sm Fiber Optic MPO to MPO Adapter with Flange Type]

Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Rotary Vibrating Screen/Sieve/Sifter/Griddle Machine]

Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh/Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh, Part I.24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Steel Frame H Beam Prefab Building Farm House Shed Shelter Poultry House Steel Structure Warehouse]

Home Furniture Set Restaurant King Throne Wedding Banquet Dining Chair, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),What′s Kind of Machine for Making Organic Fertilizer Granules.Gsjl 91/1 Multibar Computerized Jacquard Warp Knitting Machine, 175-184[All-in-One LED Solar Street Light with Sensor for Outdoor LED Solar Garden Street Light 10-60W for Choice]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Gsx750f Gsf1200 Bandit 01-06 Carb Repair Kit]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Home and Hospital Electric Patient Lift. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[China Cheap Polarized Sunglasses Hot Sale Metal Sunglasses]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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