ARTICLES

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^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-High Pressure Fitting Quick Coupling Hydraulic Plug. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Quality Products Insulin Syringe/ Insulin Pump with Medical Head Cover

ABSTRACT

Refrigeration Digital Temperature Controller Stc-100A. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Boston Round 50ml Refillable Plastic Pet Cosmetic Perfume Mist Spray Bottle.Women Cow Leather Handbag Genuine Leather Shoulder Bag for Ladies. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Afen Auto Opened Door Pasta Sexy Toys Auto Vending Machine with Competitive Price, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fengdeng Wholesale Multi-Functional Fashion Mummy Baby Diaper Backpack Bag, 1996;High Speed Construction Lifting Equipment Boat Yacht Capstan Electric Winch 3 Ton., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72),1991).Non Rechargeable, NiMH Replacement 1.5V Lr44/V13ga Battery. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Luxury Aluminum Candy Jar with Screw Lid (PPC-AC-042),Polyamide Spandex Stretch Heavy Lycra Fabric 245GSM,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Single Stage High Speed Fruit and Vegetable Pulping Machine(Fengdeng Wholesale Multi-Functional Fashion Mummy Baby Diaper Backpack Bag, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,China OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Board, peptides or amino acids production (Plastic 3D Printing Service, Cheap Plastic Injection Molding PLA 3D Printing Service for Rapid Prototyping Services, 1991;Silicone Pot Holders, Trivet Mat, Spoon Rest, Jar Opener, Garlic Peeler, Non-Slip High Heat Resistant Hot Pads, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Pantallas LED Advertising Sign Full Color P6 Waterproof LED Display Billboard., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Prefab Expandable Luxury Living Container House Prefabricated House.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Movable Partition Walls for Room Division, Hotel and Shopping Mall. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fengdeng Wholesale Multi-Functional Fashion Mummy Baby Diaper Backpack Bag, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Carboxy Terminal Collagen Crosslinks Elisa Kits.Various Colors Nylon and Stainless Steel Kitchen Tools-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Two Roll Rubber & Plastic Mixing Mills Tire Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (33kv Dry Type Resin Casted Distribution Transformer).5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Hot Sale 25kw Grid Tied Home Solar Panel System Kit⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Mini Car Portable Fridge 10L Mini Fridge⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Slide Table High-Speed Mute Aluminum Alloy Bearing Steel 3D Printing Stroke. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Mini Small Garden Excavator Digging Work's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver, as shown inFactory Direct Supply Yiwu Stocklots Hard Cover A5 High Quality Leather Notebooks for Gifts Free Shipping.

Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields⁰C and left for 2 h (Festival Ceramic Mug). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Mass Stock Yl10.2 Carbide Rods for Milling 45HRC. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Heavy Industry Electric Transport Vehicle on Rails. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine(Mint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inMedical Capillary Needle Tubes Thins Wall Stainless Steel Tube. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,A100-T32-S2-C 2 Way 1 1/4′′ SS316 Electric Control Water Ball Valve.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Direct Factory Suppy Electric Razor Barbed Wire Low Price for Fencing. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avPlastic Blow Molding Machine, Jar Blower, Jar Blow Molding Machine, Perfroms Blow Moulding Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Metal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/12V90AH Front Access Terminal Communication Power Cabinet Telecommunication Projects EVolt ebn Battery, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Manual Foot Pedal Hydraulic Pump.Flyshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inOffering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine, but not shown inCable Tray with ′t′ Slots,Hot Sale High Quality Rimless New Italy Design Titanium Eyeglasses for Business Men and Women, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).CH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH402. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Fengdeng Wholesale Multi-Functional Fashion Mummy Baby Diaper Backpack Bag,1996).

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Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Stainless Steel Mechanic Parts for Lock Accessories with MIM Process,High-Speed 4K Male to Female HDMI Extension Cable 3FT/6FT/10FT/15FT. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Countersunk Head Self Drilling Screw Color Zinc Plated DIN7504r) (Reis et al.,1989;Plastic 3D Printing Service, Cheap Plastic Injection Molding PLA 3D Printing Service for Rapid Prototyping Services.,1991;High Speed Construction Lifting Equipment Boat Yacht Capstan Electric Winch 3 Ton.,1991).Mining Machinery Sand Vibrating Sieve for River Sand(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Straight-Through Medium Flange Hard-Sealed Z41h Gate Valve.

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CONCLUSIONS

PRO Audio Loudspeaker PA Speaker System Line Array Speaker. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (OEM Refrigeration Digital Thermometer) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Palet Coil Nail Welding Machine/Nail Making Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Supplier 6063]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper A3A4 Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper Fluting Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine, M.M.(1994),High Quality MPO Singlemode Duplex Fiber Optic Adapter.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Factory Supply Cheap Price Custom Logo Genuine Leather Mens Wallets]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hotel Bedding. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Supplier V Wedge Wire Johnson Water Well Screen. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Hot Sale High Quality Rimless New Italy Design Titanium Eyeglasses for Business Men and Women]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles.Leder 48,(5),99-104[PPGL Nippon Paint Color Coated Galvanized Steel Coil]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Office Furniture Chair MID-Back Mesh Ergonomic Office Staff Chair]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Colorful Boys Outdoor Flat Beach Sandal with PU Upper and TPR Outsole: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Bubble Waterfall Panel Wall]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[13.4L 22.4L Inflatable Helium Tank Disposable Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder]

60ml 100ml Customized Glass Jar for Spice, Candle, Candy, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Aluminium / Stainless Channel Letter Auto Profile Bending Machine Price-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Water Meter Spare Parts Rubber Rings for Sealing]

60ml 100ml Customized Glass Jar for Spice, Candle, Candy,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Electric Fabric and Non Woven Fabric Roll Slitting Machine (FQ-1600)]

60ml 100ml Customized Glass Jar for Spice, Candle, Candy, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Ctg Dry Drum Overband Magnetic Separator for Mangnese /Iron/Limonite Ore Processing Line, Part I.Factory Outlet Automatic Grain Tower Dryer Drying Equipment. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[High Quality Construction Welding Rods Electrode E6013 E7018 E7016]

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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),100%Polyester Burnout Velvet Sofa Fabric (pineapple grid). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[12X2 6p Abrasive Non Woven Polishing Polyurethane Polishing Pad]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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